Suchergebnisse

1: La France dans la gouvernance européenne. - 2008. - 367 S. : graph. Darst., Tab., Lit.Hinw.; 2: Changer la société. - 2010. - 312 S. : Lit.Hinw

Abstract
In the fight against the Covid-19 virus, France and Sweden stood at opposing ends along a continuum: one country went for lockdowns; the other relied on voluntary measures. Both strategies were shaped by the governing structures in each country: in France complex and fragmented organizational arrangements focusing on health security, in Sweden a single dominant agency maintaining a broad public health perspective. Using concepts from organization theory – loose versus tight coupling and exploitation versus exploration – we show how the divergent strategies evolved in both countries. While loosely coupled organizational arrangements were rapidly tightened in Sweden, the system in France went in the opposite direction becoming loosely coupled. While the Swedish case was mainly one of exploitation of existing knowledge and expertise, more unchartered territories were explored in France. While alignment across actors in Sweden took place with one dominant agency in the center, alignment in France was related to actions of neighboring countries. Evidently, there was more than one way to fight the pandemic.

AbstractHow can regulatory agencies with a technical or scientific mission forge and defend their reputation, when the definition of expertise is subject to countervailing influences and perceptions among a wide array of audiences? In this paper, we tackle this broad question, focusing on a particular episode of the European controversy over the regulatory control of exposure to bisphenol A, during which the European Food Safety Authority altered the method by which it produced an assessment of the risk of BPA, responding to the regulatory controversy surrounding this substance. Building on the literature on organizational reputation and science and technology studies, we shed light on the work that regulatory agencies undertake to gain credibility in particular configurations of audiences. This perspective on the management of audiences and knowledge standards is central for the explanation of the decisions, policies, and strategies of science‐based agencies, and the way in which a technical reputation takes form in controversy‐prone areas of regulation.

Résumé Reprenant l'ambition du programme lancé en 1964 par le Centre de sociologie des organisations (CSO) pour étudier empiriquement l'administration française, le présent numéro entend démontrer tout l'intérêt que revêt aujourd'hui une étude de l'État par son administration, en complément d'une entrée par la sociologie de l'action publique. En revenant sur les flux et reflux de cette approche en France depuis le milieu des années 1960, en pointant les apports et les limites des travaux menés dans le cadre du programme « L'administration face au changement », cet article introductif plaide ainsi pour une sociologie des rouages de l'action publique. C'est par une approche transversale et transsectorielle, tant au niveau central qu'à l'échelle territoriale, qu'il est possible de saisir les questions de permanence et de changement, mais également de répondre à la question : qu'est-ce qui fait tenir l'État ?