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AbstractScholarship on U.S. arts labor has generally focused only on professional artists. However, a large portion of the arts labor force is unpaid. This article takes the first steps toward characterizing both groups simultaneously and uses General Social Survey data (Davis, Smith, and Marsden, 1999) to build probabilistic portraits of active arts participation. Significant pre‐dictors of arts activity are race, region of residence, age, attendance at arts events, political ideology, gender, income, and education. These results have implications for cultural policy and future research on arts activity, especially that focusing on amateurs.

This article examines the nonprofit sector's impact on good government. Through a brief synthesis of several literatures, the author constructs two competing hypotheses. In the first, nonprofit activity acts as a self-correcting force for the public sector; in the second, the third sector accelerates bad government's downward spiral.The authors hows that the key element in deciding between these hypotheses is the relationship between confidence in government and participation in civil society.

In the wake of welfare reform efforts, alliances between governments and charities, and public preoccupation with "social capital," it is useful to understand how welfare payments interact with charitable giving. Using Consumer Expenditure Survey data from the first quarter of 1999, this article estimates the impacts on charitable giving by individuals from receipt of welfare payments, as well as income, wealth, and a number of demographic variables. The data analysis suggests that charity is negatively associated with welfare receipt, while wealth, income, and age have positive impacts on giving. These findings have significant implications for public policy and nonprofit management.

Are the fields of nonprofit management and public management naturally complementary, or are they substitutes? Briefly surveying the nonprofit literature on board governance, volunteer management, and performance measurement, the author shows that study of the third sector can help inform public management's "big questions". As such, nonprofit studies and scholarship should represent an improvement to public administration curricula and a fertile source of ideas for public managers.

While the reasons for the controversy over public arts funding are well-understood, less clear is the set of variables that associates with strong opposition or support for arts subsidies. Using data from the General Social Survey, this paper builds a model to predict opposition based on ideological, economic, & demographic characteristics. The most important predictors of opposition are found to be political views, gender, income, private donations to the arts, & region of residence. The results in this paper suggest that the benefits of public arts funding accrue primarily to those in the highest income class, & that support varies somewhat according to the level of government providing the funding. 5 Tables, 1 Figure, 25 References. Adapted from the source document.

The relationship between government social spending and private donations to the nonprofit sector is an issue that is relevant to both public administrators and nonprofit managers. Does government funding displace philanthropy, or encourage it? This article introduces the debate into the public administration literature. First, I survey and interpret the empirical work performed to date in this area by economists. Second, I retest this question across four nonprofit subsectors using data on both federal and state/local spending. My survey of the literature shows mixed results, although a broad pattern indicates that "crowding out" tends to dominate, particularly in the areas of social service provision and health. My empirical results are consistent with these findings, although they must be interpreted cautiously from a policy perspective: While results are statistically significant, the degree of crowding out is generally small. On the other hand, the claim that government funding stimulates giving seems to lack both statistical and policy significance.

AbstractThis article addresses the widening gap between costs and revenues for many arts nonprofits; it examines the most common explanations for the problem, categorizes possible solutions, and suggests practical strategies for implementation. This study suggests that a critical difference exists between large and small arts firms, which in turn implies a different set of strategies for each. Whereas large organizations do well to leverage technological innovations, diversify product lines, and expand audiences through educational outreach, smaller organizations tend to see greater returns from efforts to expand their philanthropic base.

This publication is the second volume of ResearchATL152, A Cultural District for Downtown Atlanta: http://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/researchATL/id/4789