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In this article we examine how the internet and other digital technologies are used by Portuguese Afro-descendant youth living in contexts of socio-economic deprivation. More specifically, based on a set of interviews held with rappers, we pursue a discussion on the significance of the concepts of digital inclusion and participation, arguing that young people's online practices reflect not only distinct ways of digital participation but also cultural engagement. By studying black amateur rap, our main goal is to examine how disadvantaged young people use the internet and other digital technologies and how these apparatuses may be employed for cultural expression and identity construction. Our research shows, on the one hand, how crucial a strategic use of these devices can be for amateur cultural production, on the other hand, how these platforms contribute to build an enlarged circuit of ethicized cultural expression. Therefore, we argue that digital participation contributes to reverse the cultural devaluation experienced by these black communities, working as a mechanism of individual and cultural empowerment.

Whether aesthetically or politically inspired, graffiti is among the oldest forms of expression in human history, one that becomes especially significant during periods of social and political upheaval. With a particular focus on the demographic, ecological, and economic crises of today, this volume provides a wide-ranging exploration of urban space and visual protest. Assembling case studies that cover topics such as gentrification in Cyprus, the convulsions of post-independence East Timor, and opposition to Donald Trump in the American capital, it reveals the diverse ways in which street artists challenge existing social orders and reimagine urban landscapes.

Abstract
The last few years have seen the development of a new line of research around the relationship between digital platforms and activism. The influence of the internet and social media on the civic and political engagement of young people in particular has become clear. Digital platforms perform in this regard a set of functions crucial to activism in terms of communication, mobilization, and logistics. These are indispensable tools, especially to young people belonging to informal structures. Digital platforms have also been shown to facilitate emotional and solidarity networks thus fostering a sense of community and a strengthening of collective identities. In this article we aim at examining this aspect based on in-depth interviews with young activists conducted in Portugal during a three-year project (2020–2022). We have concluded that, especially in certain activism contexts involving social groups of neglected or non-normative identities, digital platforms function as a crucial empowerment tool. These are linked to the emotional support for and recognition of the identities of these young people, incentivizing the creation of fields of political and social intervention.

This article focuses on contemporary urban art in the city of Lisbon. We understand urban art as an art world that has developed through a historical process that, in Portugal, is essentially three decades old. It began with the emergence of the subculture of graffiti in Portugal and it culminates in the gradual artification, commodification and institutionalization of graffiti and street art. We believe this was caused by a particular historical arrangement during the previous decade that produced extremely favourable conditions for the emergence of a set of artists in this field. This arrangement is characterized internationally by the expansion and recognition of street art and, on a national level (especially in Lisbon), by the actions of a number of agents (media, municipalities, art world, commercial entities, academia) that contributed to a higher visibility and legitimacy of this artistic community. Thus, we argue that a structure of opportunities was created that a allowed a number of actors to establish and define a strategy of professionalization in this field. In this article we analyse three types of opportunities: practice opportunities, symbolic, and financial. We consider the social actors that generate these opportunities as well as the way in which artists perceive them and adapt.

The current work looks at the complexity of the definition of alcoholism during restoration in Spain. The peculiar way of , through the voluntary ingestion of alcoholic beverages, helped to shape a narrative around alcoholism, in which the idea of bodily and voluntary drinking was preferred. Moralisation as a form of anti-alcohol control was the normal consequence of this course. However, alcoholism was also defined as a social illness, albeit implicitly. The link established by the Spanish authors between alcoholism and proletarisation and wars of social origin such as housing, poor nutrition, etc. indicated that there was a close awareness that there was a link between alcoholism and the form of organisation of capitalist society at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. ; Peer reviewed ; The current work looks at the complexity of the definition of alcoholism during restoration in Spain. The peculiar way of , through the voluntary ingestion of alcoholic beverages, helped to shape a narrative around alcoholism, in which the idea of bodily and voluntary drinking was preferred. Moralisation as a form of anti-alcohol control was the normal consequence of this course. However, alcoholism was also defined as a social illness, albeit implicitly. The link established by the Spanish authors between alcoholism and proletarisation and wars of social origin such as housing, poor nutrition, etc. indicated that there was a close awareness that there was a link between alcoholism and the form of organisation of capitalist society at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. ; En el presente trabaja se estudia la complejidad de la definición del alcoholismo durante la Restauración en España. La peculiar manera de , a través de la ingestión voluntaria de bebidas alcohólicas, ayudó a configurar un discurso en torno al alcoholismo en el que primó la idea de vicio y voluntariedad del bebedor. La moralización como forma de lucha ...

Globales Recht als eine Form der Rechtsbildung über die Grenzen der Nationalstaaten hinweg lebt nicht nur von rechtlichen, sondern auch von (impliziten) sozialen und technologischen Voraussetzungen. Diese Voraussetzungen sind sogar entscheidend für die Ausgestaltung eines transnationalen Rechtssystems. Ricardo Campos befasst sich intensiv mit diesen Wechselwirkungen und damit, wie sich das globale Recht in dem Maße verändert, in dem neue Technologien und neue soziale Praktiken der Gesellschaft zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Besonders bei der aktuellen Entwicklung eines Rechts der Plattformgesellschaft ist diese Tendenz zu sehen. Die Arbeit wurde mit dem Werner-Pünder-Preis 2021 der Vereinigung von Freunden und Förderern der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main e.V. ausgezeichnet

Globales Recht als eine Form der Rechtsbildung über die Grenzen der Nationalstaaten hinweg lebt nicht nur von rechtlichen, sondern auch von (impliziten) sozialen und technologischen Voraussetzungen. Diese Voraussetzungen sind sogar entscheidend für die Ausgestaltung eines transnationalen Rechtssystems. Ricardo Campos befasst sich intensiv mit diesen Wechselwirkungen und damit, wie sich das globale Recht in dem Maße verändert, in dem neue Technologien und neue soziale Praktiken der Gesellschaft zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Besonders bei der aktuellen Entwicklung eines Rechts der Plattformgesellschaft ist diese Tendenz zu sehen.Die Arbeit wurde mit dem Werner-Pünder-Preis 2021 der Vereinigung von Freunden und Förderern der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main e.V. ausgezeichnet.

Abstract
In recent years we have witnessed in several countries the rise of new and unexpected forms of collective mobilization and activism. The main goal of this article is to discuss the role played by digital devices and online platforms in how activism is currently being represented and practiced by young people. Our reflection is empirically grounded on a recent exploratory research project carried out in Portugal. This project, using an array of qualitative methods (ethnographic observation, in-depth interviews, etc.), had as its main purpose to explore young people's digital activism. In this article we will discuss this project's findings, analyzing not only the uses of digital media within a set of activist practices, but also the social representations built around this issue by different social actors participating in several activist groups.