Suchergebnisse

Artikel ini merupakan kertas kajian mengenai pengaruh Etika Kerja Islam (EKI) terhadap niat untuk melakukan rasuah di kalangan penjawat di Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan Negeri Johor. Kajian ini mempunyai dua objektif iaitu yang pertama adalah untuk menentukan EKI sebagai pembolehubah penyederhanaan (moderating variable) dalam hubungan antara faktor yang mempengaruhi dan niat untuk melakukan rasuah. Kedua adalah untuk mengenalpasti nilai yang terkandung dalam EKI yang dapat melemahkan niat seseorang untuk melakukan rasuah. Data kajian telah diperolehi secara kuantitatif melalui kaedah soalselidik dan kaedah kualitatif melalui temubual pakar. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisa deskriptif manakala data kualitatif melalui analisa tema dan corak. Dapatan kajian telah membuktikan bahawa EKI merupakan pembolehubah penyederhanaan antara Faktor Dalaman dan Niat untuk melakukan rasuah. "Regression Coefficient" untuk Faktor Dalaman * EKI ke atas Niat Melakukan Rasuah adalah negatif, yang menunjukkan bahawa pembolehubah penyederhanaan (EKI) memberikan kesan yang melemahkan terhadap Faktor Dalaman ke atas Niat Melakukan Rasuah. Terdapat lapan nilai di dalam EKI yang dikenalpasti sebagai pembolehubah penyederhanaan dalam kajian ini iaitu Taqwa, Amal Saleh, al-Birr, al-Qist, Ihsan, Masuliyah, Ma'aruf, dan Itqan. Penghayatan, pemahaman dan pelaksanaan EKI secara menyeluruh dan konsisten mampu membentuk nilai kerohanian dalam diri penjawat awam seperti bertanggungjawab, berdedikasi dan amanah. Penghayatan terhadap nilai EKI akan mendorong seseorang untuk mengerjakan kebaikan dan meninggalkan kejahatan seterusnya dapat melemahkan niat seseorang untuk melakukan rasuah. The article is about a research paper in the influence of Islamic Work Ethics (IWE) on intention to accept bribes among local governments' employees in Johore. The paper has two objectives; firstly, to determine IWE as the moderating variable in the relationship between the influencing factors and the intention to take bribes. Secondly, it is to identify the values that encompass IWE which demotivate someone's intention to be involved in bribery. The data was obtained quantitatively through distribution of questionnaires and qualitatively through expert interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and qualitative data by themes and patterns analysis. The finding shows that IWE is a moderating factor between Internal Factor and intention to take bribes. The regression coefficient of IWE on "Intention to take bribes" is negative, hence proving that the moderating factor, IWE weakens the "Internal factors" effects on the "Intention to take bribes". There are eight values identified in IWE as the moderating factors, namely Taqwa, Amal Saleh, al-Birr, al-Qist, Ihsan, Masuliyah, Ma'aruf, and Itqan. Comprehension, understanding and implementation of IWE thoroughly and consistently would develop spiritual values among public servants, such as responsibility, dedication, and trustworthiness. Realization of IWE values will encourage someone to do good and avoid evil, subsequently weakens the intention to take bribes.

AbstractUsing a nationally representative household survey data collected from Ghana, this paper investigates the relationship between financial inclusion and household well‐being. The paper computes a comprehensive index for financial inclusion incorporating all its dimensions: availability, accessibility, usage and quality. Our econometric analyses employ both discrete and continuous models to produce robust results. The main result indicates that there are significant welfare gains from increased financial inclusion irrespective of its measure and control for endogeneity. The results also suggest that enhanced financial inclusion increases the likelihood of improving food consumption, medical treatment, cash income and school attendance outcomes. Thus, there is a clear policy implication: increasing financial inclusion will significantly contribute to the attainment of some key Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Recently, the concept of modernity and its influences on global warming comes to be a common topic in architectural debates. The disappearance of gardens in the contemporary house layouts generated a need for new approaches to create a sustainable network of green areas within residential neighborhoods. The objectives of this paper intend to emphasize on the holistic phenomenon of house garden transformations. The rationale behind selecting cases inside Erbil city, Iraq return to its historical background which passed through rapid transformations due to the political, economic, and cultural changes. This paper aims to identify reason behind disappearance of house gardens in new developments. Moreover, it describes the physical elements of local traditions in different periods. The analytical methodology used in this paper relies on four different periods of the city evolution. It discusses the building garden visual elements in terms of architectural physical factors. The study emphases on two types of analyses, the morphology analyses for each period individually, and comparative analyses between different periods. The findings of this paper will indicate the crucial factors that affecting the disappearance of house garden as well as the general positive effects of vegetation in urban contexts.