Suchergebnisse

Libya's commercial ties with European countries, particularly with Italy, West Germany and Greece, are said to be too strong for US economic sanctions to have any real effect on Tripoli. The reasons for Libyan optimism of withstanding sanctions include the increase in financial reserves, a belief that OPEC's problems will be short-lived, and the possibility that Libya will borrow on the international market. (DÜI-Asd)

This book will help practitioners in various helping career fields to design and implement effective cross-cultural interventions, and to provide optimum assistance to clients from world cultures, through an understanding of both indigenous and foreign cultures. This revised edition includes additional information about peoples near and far, and more than one-third of this edition is new. The chapters in this book sharpen the focus on relationships between ethnicity, social class, and therapeutic practice. In so doing the authors explore answers to four interrelated questions: What do people w

Second-hand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure generates a large public health burden. Recent legislation has moved to prohibit smoking in public places and there are concerns that this may lead to an increase in exposures in private homes. Measurement of SHS aerosol has tended to use active pumped samples or longer-term diffusive badges. Pumped methods are noisy and poorly tolerated in home settings while diffusive badges do not provide real-time data. The UCB particle monitor (UCB-PM) is a modified smoke-alarm device capable of logging changes in airborne particulate matter over extended periods and has been used successfully to measure biomass fuel smoke concentrations in developing world settings This study has examined the use of the UCB-PM to measure SHS aerosol in both controlled laboratory conditions and a pilot field trial over a 7 day period in a smoker's home. Comparisons with a pumped sampler (TSI Sidepak Personal Aerosol Monitor) indicate good agreement over a range of exposure concentrations but there is evidence of a threshold effect at approximately 0.5 mg/m3 of fine particulate measured as PM2.5. While this threshold effect undermines the ability of the device to provide useful data on the time-weighted average SHS concentration, the field trial indicates that that the UCB-PM has a sensitivity of about 71% and a specificity of 98%. The device has many advantages including zero noise operation, low cost and long battery life and may be a useful tool in quitting and smoke-free home intervention studies.