Suchergebnisse

This book explores the place of nationalism in the modern world. It looks at the relationships between nationalism, politics and states, explores the rise of minority national movements and the problems they cause, and discusses the problems of national integration in particular countries. It analyses the problems in a general and thematic way and includes a number of important case studies.

The role of superintendents in adopting and developing dual language education and other equity-oriented reforms that support the unique needs of Latina/o emergent bilinguals is a relatively unexplored area in educational leadership and policy research. Drawing upon theories of social justice leadership, this article examines how one superintendent in the El Paso Independent School District (EPISD) engaged in leadership to address injustices against Mexican and Mexican-American emergent bilinguals through the implementation of district-wide dual language education. EPISD provided a strategic site for this study because the previous superintendent and administration were part of a large-scale cheating scandal that "disappeared" hundreds of Mexican and Mexican-American students. This study highlights the important role of the superintendent in supporting equity-oriented school reforms such as dual language education, identifies specific actions and values pertinent to social justice leadership at the district level, and describes the ways leaders can take advantage of political opportunities, frame educational injustices in ways that mobilize key stakeholders, and utilize networks and grassroots movements for social justice means. The article concludes with implications for future research. ; El rol de los superintendentes en la adopción y el desarrollo de la educación bilingüe y otras reformas orientadas a la equidad que apoyan las necesidades especiales de los estudiantes bilingües es una área relativamente inexplorada en el liderato educativo y en la investigación de las pólizas educativas. Este artículo examina cómo un superintendente en el Distrito Escolar Independiente de El Paso (EPISD) se involucró en el liderato para abordar las injusticias contra los bilingües emergentes Mexicanos y México-Americanos a través de la implementación de la educación dual en todo el distrito. EPISD proporcionó un sitio estratégico para este estudio debido a que la administración y el superintendente anterior formaron parte de "un escándalo de trampa en exámenes que resulto en la desaparición" de cientos de estudiantes Mexicanos y México-Americanos. Este estudio destaca el importante rol que desempeña el superintendente en el apoyo a reformas escolares orientadas a la equidad, como la educación en dos idiomas, identifica acciones y valores específicos pertinentes al liderato de justicia social a nivel distrital y describe las maneras en que los líderes pueden aprovechar de las oportunidades políticas, formulando injusticias educativas de manera que movilizan a las partes interesadas y utilizan las redes y movimientos de base para la justicia social. Este artículo concluye con implicaciones para futuras investigaciones. ; O papel dos superintendentes na adoção e desenvolvimento da educação bilíngüe e outras reformas destinadas a capital para suportar as necessidades especiais dos estudantes bilíngües é uma área relativamente inexplorada na liderança educacional e de pesquisa de políticas educacionais . Este artigo examina como um superintendente na DSI El Paso (EPISD) envolveu-se na liderança para enfrentar as injustiças contra a emergente bilíngües Mexicano-Americanos e do Méxicanos através da implementação de formação dual em todo o distrito. EPISD forneceu um local estratégico para este estudo porque a administração eo ex-superintendente eram parte de "um escândalo de fraude em exames que resultou no desaparecimento" de centenas de estudantes Mexicanos e México-Americanos. Este estudo destaca o importante papel desempenhado pelo superintendente em apoio a reformas de escolas destinadas a equidade, como a educação em duas línguas, identifica as ações pertinentes e valores específicos a liderança da justiça social a nível distrital e descreve as maneiras em que os líderes eles podem tirar proveito das oportunidades políticas, formulação de injustiças educacionais para que mobilizar as partes interessadas e utilizar as redes e movimentos de base para a justiça social. Este artigo conclui com implicações para futuras pesquisas.

The exploitation of river systems for power and navigation has commonly been achieved through the installation of a variety of in-channel obstacles of which weirs in Britain are amongst the most common. In the UK, the historic value of many of these features is recognised by planning designations and protection more commonly associated with historic buildings and other major monuments. Their construction, particularly in the north and west of Britain, has often been associated with industries such as textiles, chemicals, and mining, which have polluted waterways with heavy metals and other contaminants. The construction of weirs altered local channel gradients resulting in sedimentation upstream with the potential as well for elevated levels of contamination in sediments deposited there. For centuries these weirs have remained largely undisturbed, but as a result of the growth in hydropower and the drive to improve water quality under the European Union's Water Framework Directive, these structures are under increasing pressure to be modified or removed altogether. At present, weir modifications appear to be considered largely on an individual basis, with little focus on the wider impacts this might have on valley floor environments. Using a numerical modelling approach, this paper simulates the removal of major weirs along a 24-km stretch of the river Derwent, Derbyshire, UK, designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The results suggest that although removal would not result in significant changes to the valley morphology, localised erosion would occur upstream of structures as the river readjusts its base level to new boundary conditions. Modelling indicates that sediment would also be evacuated away from the study area. In the context of the Derwent valley, this raises the potential for the remobilisation of contaminants (legacy sediments) within the wider floodplain system, which could have detrimental, long-term health and environmental implications for the river system. Worldwide, rivers have a common association with industry – being the focus of settlement and development since the earliest civilisations with channel engineering a common practice. Therefore, the conceptual issues raised by this study have global resonance and are particularly important where heritage protection is less robust and structures can be removed with little consideration of the environmental consequences.

AbstractSound public financial management is a key concern of Pacific island country governments and their development partners. Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability assessments have become a ubiquitous tool for assessing public financial management performance in the region. This paper summarizes Pacific island country performance using global data and identifies a relationship between small population size and lower scores in Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability assessments. This relationship reflects capacity constraints to successful implementation of capacity‐intensive public financial management functions measured in such assessments. The analysis suggests that high scores may be an unrealistic and inappropriate goal for Pacific governments and development partners. Greater account should be taken of population‐related capacity constraints when designing and implementing public financial management reforms. Scarce capacity should be prioritized towards binding constraints to service delivery and macroeconomic management, rather than dispersed in attempts to improve assessment scores through adopting capacity‐intensive 'best‐practice' systems.

Discussions about science and engineering postdoctoral researchers focus almost exclusively on academic postdocs and their chances of eventually securing tenure-track faculty positions. Further, biological sciences dominate policy research and published advice for new PhDs regarding postdoctoral employment. Our analysis uses the Survey of Earned Doctorates and Survey of Doctorate Recipients to understand employment implications for physical sciences and engineering (PSE) and life sciences (LS) graduates who took postdoctoral positions in government, industry, and academic sectors. We examine postdoc duration, reasons for staying in a postdoc, movement between sectors, and salary implications. There is considerable movement between employment sectors within the first six years post-PhD. Additionally, postdocs in PSE are shorter, better paid, and more often in nonacademic sectors than postdocs in LS. These results can help science and engineering faculty discuss a broader range of career pathways with doctoral students and help new PhDs make better informed early career decisions. ; Published version

Nottingham, as one of the Five Boroughs of the Danelaw, a key strategic pre-Conquest borough, and the most important royal governmental hub in central England by the time of the Angevin kings, from Henry II to John (1154–1216), is a city with a fascinating story to tell. However, the study of its origins and early development has been somewhat neglected. A major contributory factor is that key archaeological excavations undertaken in the city between 1969 and 1980 remain unpublished, while since 1980, the outcomes of development-led excavation have not provided sufficient opportunities to investigate key areas on an equal scale. In the last few years, preliminary evaluation of material from the unpublished excavations under the aegis of the Origins of Nottingham project and an increase in archaeological investigation has again started to highlight the wealth of potential insight to be gained from the archaeological deposits preserved beneath Nottingham's streets. Exploring and interpreting these remains are crucial if we are tostart to understand Nottingham's growth and significance as a major urban settlement in medieval central England between the seventh and thirteenth centuries.