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This article coins the term hate torts to illustrate the growing role of tort law in defending vulnerable Americans against violence and intimidation by hate groups and hateful individuals. Hate torts give juries the muscle to impose a financial death penalty against organizations that recklessly and intentionally enable racial and gender oppression. In the absence of effective criminal sanctions, tort victims and their lawyers can play the role of private attorneys general by filing civil lawsuits that expose and financially punish organizations that incite the commission of hate crimes.

Cyberspace provides an ideal legal environment for tortfeasors and online criminals because Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have no duty to mitigate harms caused by ongoing torts, crimes, and infringing acts. Courts have stretched Congress's express language in § 230 of the Communications Decency Act from the narrow purpose of immunizing ISPs as publishers to the expanded purpose of shielding them from all tort liability. This Article proposes imposing a limited duty of care on ISPs to remove or block ongoing tortious activities on their services when they have been given actual notice. This reform will harmonize American ISP liability law with the European Union's Electronic Commerce Directive, which imposes an affirmative duty on ISPs to take down objectionable materials. It also will unify U.S. law by creating procedures consistent with the takedown policy mandated by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.

The borderline between criminal and tort law has been increasingly blurred over the past quarter century by the emergence of new "crimtort" remedies which have evolved to deter and punish corporate polluters. Punitive damages, multiple damages, and other "crimtort" remedies are under unrelenting assault by neo‐conservatives principally because, under this paradigm, the punishment for wrongdoing can be calibrated to the wealth of the polluter. If wealth‐based punishment is eliminated by the "tort reformers," plaintiffs' victories in crimtort actions such as those portrayed in the movies Silkwood, A Class Action, and Erin Brockovich will become an endangered species.

Abstract. Four different models explaining the significance of the patterns of interlocking directorates in the American economy are delineated and examined to discover a few of the behavioral predictions inherent in each. Empirical tests are employed to examine the general pattern of replacement of interlocking relationships between the largest American firms when ended through the death of an outside director. Another test employed is to examine the stability of interlock patterns over time. From the results it is concluded that interlocking directorates do not generally represent evidence of close interconnections between specific corporations but do connect some stable, city‐based groups.

Der Krieg in der Ukraine trifft über mehrere Wirkungskanäle die heimische Volkswirtschaft. So belasten stark gestiegene Energie- und Rohstoffpreise Haushalte und Unternehmen. Das Energiekosten-Entlastungspaket der Bundesregierung setzt Maßnahmen zur Abfederung dieser Belastungen. Mit diesem Policy Brief möchten wir einen konstruktiven Beitrag zur Debatte leisten und schlagen eine wirtschaftspolitische Maßnahme vor, die ökologisch und sozial treffsicher erscheint: eine Transferzahlung, die umgekehrt proportional zur motobezogenen Versicherungssteuer ausbezahlt wird.