Suchergebnisse

The disparate banana import policies currently operating in member states of the EC are inconsistent with the Community's objective of full economic integration in 1992. Preferential trade agreements confer sizable subsidies on some African and Caribbean banana producers and disadvantage other exporting countries, mainly in Latin America. Adoption of a "common" banana regime in the Community in 1992 could potentially alter the pattern of world trade. The purpose of this study is to assess the main economic effects of existing policies and of various policy alternatives

Great loss of human life, structural damage, and social and economic upheaval occur repeatedly due to such natural hazards as earthquakes, typhoons, hurricanes, landslides, floods and tsunamis. Both the US and Taiwan, along with many other countries, have a history of such occurrences and a common need to reduce their effects. This volume includes papers from the fourth symposium workshop, held jointly between the US and Taiwan to discuss research and its application to multiple hazard mitigation. The workshop, Urban Disaster Mitigation, The Role of Engineering and Technology, discussed lessons learned from recent natural disasters; assessed results of Taiwan's multiple hazards research program and potential application to the US; and proposed further studies on subjects of mutual concern. Topics include recent scientific findings obtained in various natural hazard areas and assessment of actual and potential damage from earthquakes, floods and landslides. Of particular importance are measures that can be taken to mitigate these hazards ranging from use of new algorithms for structural engineering to warning systems for a given region. At a time when natural disasters are widespread, engineers play a key role. Construction methods and building codes are changing; current knowledge shapes the direction of these changes. The research results presented in these proceedings will benefit both the academic and practicing communities around the world, strengthening the relationship between these two important parties

An important topic in the exchange of confidential messages over the internet is the security of information conveyance. For instance, the producers and consumers of digital products are keen to know that their products are authentic and can be differentiated from those that are invalid. The science of encryption is the art of embedding data in audio files, images, videos or content in a way that would meet the above security needs. Steganography is a branch of data hiding science which aims to reach a describe level of security in the exchange of private military and commercial data which is not clear. This system is proposed to hide the text information files within the image based on the LSB method in order to meet security requirement such as confidential and integrity. The least significant bit is the bit which is farthest to the right and holds the least value in a multi bit binary number. This system is implemented by using C programming. Win Win Maw | San San Lwin "Text Embedded System using LSB Method" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26696.pdf

This article presents new data on mill location in Manchester in 1850 to show that water‐transport infrastructure played a key role in determining the intra‐urban pattern of factory development. The shift from water to steam power introduced new patterns of industrial water use, rather than the relocation of factories away from waterways. Five new public canals and 23 private canal branches activated a major expansion of Manchester's waterfront, providing the majority of the manufacturing sites that enabled the town to become the world's foremost factory centre. Without effective municipal water supplies, canals were the best available water source for steam engines.

In many transition economies, insiders controlled firms. We model the decision about privatization method, focusing on the choice between mass privatization and management-employee buyout. We incorporate a political feasibility constraint that the revenue-maximizing government cannot pay insiders to take firms off its hands. Although mass privatization apparently conflicts with revenue maximization, we show that it may be the preferred method for a firm, and if so will be complementary with the state continuing to own shares. Mass privatization is more likely to be chosen if the government is politically weak. [Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V.]

In many transition economies, insiders controlled state-owned firms, de facto. For such firms, we model the decision about privatization method, focusing on the choice between free distribution (so called 'mass privatization') and management-employee buyouts. We incorporate a political feasibility constraint that the revenue-maximising government cannot pay insiders to take firms off its hands. Although mass privatization apparently conflicts with revenue maximization, we show that nonetheless it may be the preferred method, and if so it will be complementary with the state continuing to own shares. Mass privatization is more likely to be chosen if the government is politically weak.

Abstract. By generalizing Stigler and Becker's idea of maintaining the "capital stock intact," and incorporating it with other contributions to welfare economic analysis, this paper presents a modified conceptual framework for measuring and adjusting impacts of socioeconomic and environmental factors when income or consumption expenditure is used solely as a quality of life indicator. Such measurements and adjustments are made for differences in public needs and in the process of satisfying these needs. Application of this conceptual framework is illustrated, using statistics on police protection and crime rates.