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The advent of new digital currencies has challenged our notions about money, its function and purpose, and our faith in the financial and banking structures that underpin its legitimacy. Oonagh McDonald examines the challenges, opportunities and threats that cryptocurrencies pose to existing fiat currencies and their potential to change how global finance operates.0From Bitcoin to Facebook's Diem, the book charts the spectacular rise of cryptocurrencies over the past decade alongside the much slower regulatory response. It assesses the potential of the technology underpinning new digital currencies - blockchain, digital tokens and smart contracts - to evade existing regulatory frameworks and considers the need for more robust protection from fraudulent initial coin offerings, scams and hacks.0The book examines the motivations of central banks as they begin to explore opportunities for an alternative global digital currency, and what this might mean for the supremacy of the dollar and other fiat currencies. The future of cash is also considered. Throughout her analysis, McDonald shows that trust is fundamental to the operation of finance and that this will ultimately protect commercial bank money from the threat of new digital currencies.0The book offers readers an insightful appraisal of the future of money and the challenges facing regulatory bodies

Acknowledgments -- Briefing Key issues and organisational features of this book -- Prelude Framing the problem of language and meaning -- Part I Traditions of language study: Graeco-Roman vis-à-vis Sinitic -- Chapter 1 Language, writing and metaphors for language -- Snapshot 1 Dialectic; Analogy v. anomaly -- Chapter 2 Language in education and the foundations of linguistic scholarship -- Snapshot 2 Ordering of words; Language as manifestation of the way -- Chapter 3 The discovery of language history -- Snapshot 3 Characters and order of universe; Grammatical form as expression of mind -- Chapter 4 From philology to linguistics -- Interlude Establishing a modern paradigm -- Part II The making of modern grammatics: developing tools for the analysis of wording -- Chapter 5 From "(single) articulation" to "double articulation": meaning ↔ wording ↔ sound -- Chapter 6 "Parts of speech" and "word classes": defining basic categories for grammatical analysis -- Chapter 7 "Word grammar" and "clause grammar": separating morphological from syntactic patterning -- Chapter 8 Syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations: structure and system -- Postlude The long 20th century of linguistics -- Debriefing The history of linguistics and the study of language -- References

Despite the intensity of the national debate concerning control and correctional policies, neither the costs of existing agencies nor of alternative approaches are adequately understood. Accurate figures are not reported to private citizens or public officials, and spending is fragmented among different agencies and governing units. This study presents a comprehensive description and analysis of how much money was actually spent in New York in 1977-1978, at all levels of government, for each of the control systems that incarcerate or supervise criminal offenders/defendants. After a broad overview of criminal justice spending, it details spending for prisons, jails, probation, and parole; evaluates the services provided by these public expenditures; and discusses proposals for alternative penal policies and their fiscal implications. The book concludes with recommendations for improved government cost accounting, as well as suggestions for broader penal reforms. Although restricted to an analysis of New York, the findings and recommendations are broadly relevant to other regions of the country.

Cover -- Dedication -- Copyright -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Rethinking Radicalization -- Violence, emergency, uncertainty -- Political violence? -- Religious violence? -- Radicalization, vulnerability and identity? -- This book -- Social media: affect and embodied imagination -- Radicalization pathways -- 2 Distant Suffering -- The fam and everybody -- How I'm feeling, atm -- Mujahideen swag, yes pls -- Pleasure and humour -- The encounter with suffering -- This relates to me -- The life of a stranger -- I've got myself a new CLIQUEE -- LOL -- From good and evil to innocent and guilty -- What you aren't being told -- Desire and repulsion, beauty and ugliness -- Disgust -- Cleanse this impure nation -- Purity versus impurity -- Trolling -- Filth -- The grotesque -- True Muslims, false Muslims -- Distant suffering -- Choons, eyebrows and hijabs -- I hate Shias -- Innocence? Makes me laugh -- The Khalifah: to save ourselves -- Power -- A transformation -- 3 DIY Religion: Hidden Worlds, from Fear to Bliss -- The answer to every question -- 19 HH -- Collective identity? -- If you love someone, you're going to say it -- It takes my breath away -- Shirk, power and fear -- Mediated memories -- Sisters -- Between the uncanny and bliss -- 4 Mediating Violence: Filming the Self -- Being in the world -- Ecstatic violence -- I die like Jesus Christ -- Violence reveals a truth -- Film directors will be fighting over this story -- Fan cultures -- Fan cultures and desire: #Freejahar -- Alone against the enemy -- Fan cultures and disgust: Ewwwwwww your brave to hold it! -- The fake jihad life -- Shit man! -- Fusion and unreality -- Mediation, individuation -- 5 From Drug Dealer to Jihadist -- You realize you're going nowhere -- The tourist terrorist -- Brothers -- Soldiers -- 6 The Gamification of Jihad: the Cyber Caliphate -- Gamification -- Games and religion

"With The Firm, financial journalist Duff McDonald pulled back the curtain on consulting giant McKinsey and Company. In The Golden Passport, he reveals the inner works of a singular nexus of power, ambition, and influence: Harvard Business School. Harvard University still occupies a unique place in the public's imagination, but the Harvard Business School eclipsed its parent in terms of influence on modern society long ago. A Harvard degree guarantees respect. But a Harvard MBA near-guarantees entrance into Western capitalism's most powerful realm - the corner office. And because the School shapes the way its powerful graduates think, its influence extends well beyond their own lives. It affects the organizations they command, the economy they dominate, and society itself. Decisions and priorities at HBS touch every single one of us. Most people have a vague knowledge of the power of the HBS network, but few understand the dynamics that have made HBS an indestructible and dominant force for almost a century. Graduates of HBS share more than just an alma mater. They also share a way of thinking about how the world should work, and they have successfully molded the world to that vision - that is what truly binds them together. In addition to teasing out the essence of this exclusive, if not necessarily 'secret,' club, McDonald explores two important questions: Has the school failed at reaching the goal it set for itself - 'the multiplication of men who will handle their current business problems in socially constructive ways?' Is HBS complicit in the moral failings of Western Capitalism? At a time of soaring economic inequality and growing political unrest, this hard-hitting yet fair portrait offers a much-needed look at an institution that has had a profound influence not just in the world of business but on the shape of our society - and on all our lives." -- dust jacket of work

"Placing Empire examines the spatial politics of Japanese imperialism through a study of Japanese travel and tourism to Korea, Manchuria, and Taiwan between the late nineteenth century and the early 1950s. In a departure from standard histories of Japan, this book shows how debates over the place of colonized lands reshaped the social and spatial imaginary of the modern Japanese nation and how, in turn, this sociospatial imaginary affected the ways in which colonial difference was conceptualized and enacted. In so doing, it illuminates how ideas of place became central to the production of new forms of colonial hierarchy as empires around the globe transitioned from an era of territorial acquisition to one of territorial maintenance"--Provided by publisher.

"A primer for marketing professionals and students, the second edition of Malcolm McDonald on Marketing Planning provides a clear guide to marketing planning. Focussing on the practical application of marketing planning this book will guide readers through the production of a marketing plan that has real world application. Key content includes defining markets and segments, setting marketing objectives and strategies, advertising and sales promotion strategies, and price and sales strategies. With an emphasis on practicality this fully revised second edition has been thoroughly overhauled to contain new content on the essentials of marketing planning and the strategic marketing process"--

Introduction: food power, the food network, and American security -- Freedom from want: creating a postwar food system -- Fixed stomachs and convenience foods: abundance and food in the 1950s -- Freedom to farm: prosperity, security, and "the farm problem" in the 1950s -- What to eat after an atomic bomb: deploying food power defensively -- Food for peace and the war on hunger: food power in the 1960s -- The world food crisis and the end of the postwar food system -- Conclusion: the past, present, and future of world food problems

McDonald's book lays bare the legal and political consequences of Washington's pursuit of militarised counterterrorism in the post-9/11 era.