Suchergebnisse

SIG-UA es un proyecto de investigación de Geografía aplicada destinado a la elaboración y puesta en explotación de un sistema de información geográfica (SIG) para la gestión de espacios e infraestructuras de la Universidad de Alicante. El objetivo es demostrar cómo la contemplación gráfica de la información contenida en bases de datos, es decir, su representación cartográfica, es el medio más eficaz para comprender y utilizar estrategias de actuación territorial, ventajas que se ven potenciadas al ser usadas junto a otra forma muy sugerente de consulta de datos, los protocolos de transferencia de hipertextos en una red local de tipo corporativo. En apretada síntesis, los servidores WEB de aplicaciones SIG pueden estar llamados a convertirse en una extraordinaria opción para el control adecuado de los activos inmuebles, tanto en empresas privadas como en organismos públicos. ; SIG-UA is a research project on applied Geography intended for the elaboration and exploitation of a geographic information system (GIS) for the spaces and infraestructures management of the University of Alicante (Spain). The main aim is to show how the graphic contemplation of the information which is kept in database, that is, its cartographic representation, it is the most effective way to understand and make use of territorial action strategies. These advantages are improved when they are used together with another interesting way of database consulting, namely, the HTTP in a intranet with TCP-IP protocol. To sum up, in order to control the property assets in a suitable way, both in private enterprises, state bodies and organs of the government, the WEB servers of GIS applicationes may become an oustanding choice.

Thyroid hormones regulate brain development and function through the control of gene expression, mediated by binding of T 3 to nuclear receptors. Brain T 3 concentration is tightly controlled by homeostatic mechanisms regulating transport and metabolism of T 4 and T 3. We have examined the role of the inactivating enzyme type 3 deiodinase (D3) in the regulation of 43 thyroid hormone-dependent genes in the cerebral cortex of 30-d-old mice. D3 inactivation increased slightly the expression of two of 22 positively regulated genes and significantly decreased the expression of seven of 21 negatively regulated genes. Administration of high doses of T 3 led to significant changes in the expression of 12 positive genes and three negative genes in wild-type mice. The response to T 3 treatment was enhanced in D3-deficient mice, both in the number of genes and in the amplitude of the response, demonstrating the role of D3 in modulating T 3 action. Comparison of the effects on gene expression observed in D3 deficiency with those in hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and type 2 deiodinase (D2) deficiency revealed that the negative genes are more sensitive to D2 and D3 deficiencies than the positive genes. This observation indicates that, in normal physiological conditions, D2 and D3 play critical roles in maintaining local T 3 concentrations within a very narrow range. It also suggests that negatively and positively regulated genes do not have the same physiological significance or that their regulation by thyroid hormone obeys different paradigms at the molecular or cellular levels. Copyright © 2012 by The Endocrine Society. ; This work was supported by Grants SAF2008-01168 and SAF2008-00429-E from the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain, Grant LSHM-CT-2005-018652 from the European Union Integrated ProjectCRESCENDO,a grant from the Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and by Grant NIMH-083220 from the National Institute of Mental Health. A.C. was recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Plan Nacional de I+D+i. ; Peer Reviewed

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the digital vulnerability of many citizens of the rural world. This article identifies and analyzes the proposals made by academic literature to overcome the digital divide in the European rural world for the five-year period 2016-2020. A scoping review has been carried out according to the PRISMA methodology in the two dimensions of the digital divide: access and connectivity, and use and exploitation. Online databases were used to identify scientific articles from which, after screening, 28 key documents were selected. The results update Salemink systematic review of articles published between 1991 and 2014 on digital and rural development in Western countries and it also intends to go beyond by extracting recommendations. A variety of political, social, educational, technical and economic issues has been exposed, with a common emphasis on the empowerment of rural populations. The findings provide actionable evidence and proposals to facilitate decision-making in current policy information to overcome rural digital divide. From them, seven recommendations that could have a wide and rapid impact to minimize the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic linked to the rural digital divide are synthesized. Three lines of action in the medium term are also proposed: the evaluation of national and regional public policies; the consideration of digital inclusion as a potential instrument to reduce rural depopulation; and the training in advanced digital skills to improve the social communication processes, considered key to promote empowerment and entrepreneurship.

The mandate of Luis López Guerra as a judge at the European Court of Human Rights is coming to an end. On the occasion of his departure, his colleagues and friends wish to pay tribute to the exceptional work he has accomplished during his ten-year tenure at the Court. In his duties, he distinguished himself in the dissemination of the fundamental rights and freedoms protected by the Convention and he was acknowledged for his humanist approach to European litigation. This work compiles numerous original works dealing with various topical subjects, written by judges of the Court, international and national judges, academics and members of the registry of the Court

Official information on Land Use Land Cover is essential for mapping wildland–urban interface (WUI) zones. However, these resources do not always provide the geometrical or thematic accuracy required to delimit buildings that are easily exposed to risk of wildfire at the appropriate scale. This research shows that the integration of active remote sensing and official Land Use Land Cover (LULC) databases, such as the Spanish Land Use Land Cover information system (SIOSE), creates the synergy capable of achieving this. An automated method was developed to detect WUI zones by the massive geoprocessing of data from official and open repositories of the Spanish national plan for territory observation (PNOT) of the Spanish national geographic institute (IGN), and it was tested in the most important metropolitan zones in Spain: Barcelona and Madrid. The processing of trillions of LiDAR data and their integration with thousands of SIOSE polygons were managed in a Linux environment, with libraries for geographic processing and a PostgreSQL database server. All this allowed the buildings that are exposed to wildfire risk with a high level of accuracy to be obtained with a methodology that can be applied anywhere in the Spanish territory. ; This research was funded by and conducted within the SIOSE-INNOVA Project (CSO2016-79420-R AEI/FEDER/UE, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain) and funded by the endowment of an award for conducting research with the objectives of sustainable development (SDGs) from the General Directorate for Cooperation and Solidarity of Government of Generalitat Valenciana (Spain).

<p class="Pa7">Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a common hematological disorder among individu­als of African descent in the United States; the disorder results in the production of abnormal hemoglobin. It is caused by homozygosity for a genetic mutation in HBB; rs334. While the presence of a single mutation (sickle cell trait, SCT) has long been considered a benign trait, recent research suggests that SCT is associated with renal dysfunction, including a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in African Americans. It is currently unknown whether similar associations are observed in Hispanics. Therefore, our study aimed to determine if SCT is associated with mean eGFR and CKD in a sample of 340 Dominican Hispanics from the Northern Manhattan Study. Using regression analyses, we tested rs334 for association with eGFR and CKD, adjusting for age and sex. eGFR was estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equa­tion and CKD was defined as eGFR &lt; 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Within our sample, there were 16 individuals with SCT (SCT carriers). We found that SCT carriers had a mean eGFR that was 12.12 mL/min/1.73m2 lower than non-carriers (P=.002). Additionally, SCT carriers had 2.72 times higher odds of CKD compared with non-carriers (P=.09). Taken together, these novel results show that Hispanics with SCT, as found among African Americans with SCT, may also be at increased risk for kidney disease.</p><p class="Pa7"><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2017; 27(1)<strong>:</strong>11-14; doi:10.18865/ed.27.1.11.</p><p class="Pa7"> </p>

Thyroid hormone analogs with selective actions through specific thyroid hormone receptor (TR) subtypes are of great interest. They might offer the possibility of mimicking physiological actions of thyroid hormone with receptor subtype or tissue specificity with therapeutic aims. They are also pharmacological tools to dissect biochemical pathways mediated by specific receptor subtypes, in a complementary way to mouse genetic modifications. In this work, we studied the in vivo activity in developing rats of two thyroid hormone agonists, the TR beta-selective GC-24 and the TR beta-selective CO23. Our principal goal was to check whether these compounds were active in the rat brain. Analog activity was assessed by measuring the expression of thyroid hormone target genes in liver, heart, and brain, after administration to hypothyroid rats. GC-24 was very selective for TR beta and lacked activity on the brain. On the other hand, CO23 was active in liver, heart, and brain on genes regulated by either TR alpha or TR beta. This compound, previously shown to be TR alpha-selective in tadpoles, displayed no selectivity in the rat in vivo. ; This work was supported by Ministry of Science of Spain Grants SAF2008-01168 and SAF2008-00429E, the European Union Integrated Project "CRESCENDO", the Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (J.B.), and the National Institutes of Health Grant DK-52798 (to T.S.S.). ; Peer reviewed