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Using Samuels' [(2007). Securing Japan: The current discourse. The Journal of Japanese Studies, 33(1), 125–152] political categories of Japanese perspectives on strategic policy, this article argues that the nation's foreign and security policy under the leadership of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has undergone three distinct phases: a first phase of neoconservatism during his first tenure as Prime Minister from 2006 to 2007; a second period when he returned to the office of Prime Minister five years later in 2012 that can be described as neoautonomous; and a third phase of pragmatic realism from 2015 to 2016. In addition, this article analyses the factors driving change from one phase to another. By adopting an eclectic approach to theory, it claims that each traditional theory in the field of International Relations (IR) offers different but complementary causal effects to shifts in security and foreign policies. Each IR theory emphasizes or downplays these four factors: actors, structures, material forces and ideas. This article will employ all three IR traditional theories as they relate to these factors to discern the change factors of Abe's foreign policy. Finally, it concludes by siding with those scholars who assert that Japan's foreign policy has made a consequential break from its past and has embarked on a new path towards a remilitarization of its foreign and security policy. (Pac Rev/GIGA)

Hate crimes and racially motivated violence spiked in the United States over the past few years. Our foreign adversaries seek to inflame racial divisions in our nation and turn American against American. This now forms a major threat to our national security and domestic tranquility. Indeed, in light of the attempted insurrection of January 6, 2021, the costs of our festering racial hierarchy now threaten our constitutional republic. The soaring costs of the American racial hierarchy now demands aggressive legal response. This Essay demonstrates that the process of racial formation undergirding the hierarchy relies upon group libel to propagate racial mythology. Consequently, the Supreme Court should continue to permit states to proscribe group libel and governments should expand group libel sanctions to include private actions for victims of group libel.

Hate crimes and racially motivated violence spiked in the United States over the past few years. Our foreign adversaries seek to inflame racial divisions in our nation and turn American against American. This now forms a major threat to our national security and domestic tranquility. Indeed, in light of the attempted insurrection of January 6, 2021, the costs of our festering racial hierarchy now threaten our constitutional republic. The soaring costs of the American racial hierarchy now demands aggressive legal response. This Essay demonstrates that the process of racial formation undergirding the hierarchy relies upon group libel to propagate racial mythology. Consequently, the Supreme Court should continue to permit states to proscribe group libel and governments should expand group libel sanctions to include private actions for victims of group libel.

Governments and companies argue that investing in wind energy contributes to global sustainable development and ecological conservation. However, vulnerable groups, such as indigenous peoples - traditionally excluded and marginalized - suffer the consequences of wind energy investment. This is a historical continuity of oppression and repression of indigenous peoples by elite groups, conceptualized as "Internal colonialism". This article, based on a longitudinal study (2013–2021) developed in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (Mexico), discusses the internal colonialism exerted on vulnerable communities in relation to wind investments in the region. It also provides a historical perspective on the dispute over indigenous communal land in the conflictive dynamics of such investments. The study provides a critical analysis of the interaction between vulnerable groups and elite groups (individuals with government or business power). ResumenLos gobiernos y las empresas argumentan que invertir en energía eólica contribuye al desarrollo sostenible global y la conservación ecológica. Sin embargo, grupos vulnerables, como los pueblos indígenas −tradicionalmente excluidos y marginados−, sufren las consecuencias de este tipo de inversiones porque continúan la opresión y la represión históricas practicadas por los grupos elite sobre ellos. "Colonialismo interno" es el término que designa dicha problemática. Este artículo, basado en un estudio longitudinal (2013–2021) realizado en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca (México), discute el marco teórico del colonialismo interno ejercido sobre las comunidades vulnerables debido a las inversiones eólicas en la región. También proporciona una perspectiva histórica sobre la disputa por los territorios comunales indígenas en las dinámicas conflictivas de dichas inversiones. El estudio proporciona un análisis crítico de la interacción entre grupos vulnerables y grupos elites (individuos con poder gubernamental o empresarial). Palabras Clave: colonialismo interno; derechos humanos; zapotecas; energía eólica; México

Since 2014, the US government has applied a series of unilateral coercive measures against Venezuela, significantly affecting the quality of life in the country, as well as the enjoyment of the fundamental rights of the population and generating a significant migratory flow in the region. The discursive dimension of this geopolitical conflict presents at least two narratives with which these measures are shown to public opinion: a hegemonic narrative that alleges that these are sanctions directed at senior officials of the Maduro government, in order to alleviate the alleged violation of human rights by the Venezuelan government. The other narrative, of resistance or counter-hegemonic, present the unilateral coercive measures as part of a broad policy of blocking the nation and the people of Venezuela, in order to generate a change of government in the country. This essay addresses these two narratives from a critical discourse analysis perspective. ; Desde el año 2014 el gobierno de los EEUU ha aplicado una serie de medidas coercitivas unilaterales en contra de la nación de Venezuela, afectando de manera considerable la calidad de vida en el país, así como el disfrute de los derechos fundamentales de la población y generando un flujo migratorio significativo en la región. La dimensión discursiva de este conflicto geopolítico nos presenta al menos dos narrativas con las que estas medidas son relatadas a la opinión pública: una narrativa hegemónica que alega que se trata de sanciones dirigidas a altos funcionarios del gobierno de Maduro, con el fin de aliviar la supuesta violación de derechos humanos por parte del gobierno venezolano. La otra narrativa, de resistencia o contrahegemónica busca presentar las MCU como parte de una política amplia de bloqueo a la nación y al pueblo de Venezuela, como una forma de intentar generar un cambio de gobierno en el país. Este ensayo aborda estas dos narrativas desde una perspectiva del análisis crítico del discurso.

Sociological research on international migration shares a fundamental question: What underlining forces drive migration? Sociologists use a number of theories such as neoclassical economics, new economics of migration, network theory, segmented labor market theory, and world systems theory among others to untangle the complexities of individual and group migration patterns. These theoretical propositions, and the methodological applications that are informed by them, are colonial in their epistemic origins and assumptions. Explored in this paper are the assumptions, limitations, and the epistemic privileging within westernized migration studies and sociology. Chicanx Studies systematically addresses this question by confronting colonization's impact on how we contemporarily study, measure, and analyze human behavior including migration. Moreover, the discipline works to humanize Chicanx populations and their historic migratory life ways. For borderland theorist Gloria Anzaldúa the underling force that drives Chicanx and Mexican migration is their ontological and epistemological connection to their indigenous tradition of "long walks" across recent politicized borders. Her work contributes to migration studies' lack of epistemic diversity and also gives insight to the historical relationship Chicanxs have with migratory practices to other parts of the U.S. beyond the Southwest.