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Examines the role of society in preventing teenage pregnancy; US.

An alternative framework to US sex-discrimination law proposes that gender issues be analyzed according to gender disadvantage rather than gender difference. Using examples from court rulings on occupational restrictions, protective labor, & maternity policy, it is suggested that a focus on context & consequence of gender discrimination will reorient issues of gender away from difference toward methods of changing the workplace. 66 References. L. Baker

Foreword / Sandra Day O'Connor -- Women and leadership: the state of play / Deborah L. Rhode, Barbara Kellerman -- Gender differences and gender stereotypes -- Crossing the bridge: reflections on women and leadership / Nannerl O. Keohane -- The great women theory of leadership: perils of positive stereotypes and precarious pedestals / Todd L. Pittinsky, Laura M. Bacon, Brian Welle -- Overcoming resistance to women leaders: the importance of leadership style / Linda L. Carli and Alice H. Eagly -- Women, leadership, and the natural order / Rosalind Chait Barnett -- What difference will women judges make? Looking once more at the "woman question" / Anita F. Hill -- Leadership in context: women in politics -- Opening the door: women leaders and constitution building in Iran and Afghanistan / Pippa Norris -- Will gender balance in politics come by itself? / Drude Dahlerup -- The future of women's political leadership: gender and the decision to run for elective office / Richard L. Fox -- It's woman time / Marie C. Wilson -- She's the candidate! A woman for president / Ruth B. Mandel -- Leadership redefined: authority, authenticity, power -- Leadership, authority, and women: a man's challenge / Ronald A. Heifetz -- Bringing your whole self to work: lessons in authentic engagement from women leaders / Laura Morgan Roberts -- Women and power: new perspectives on old challenges / Evangelina Holvino -- Women in corporate leadership: status and prospects / Katherine Giscombe -- Redefining the problem, recasting the solutions -- Off-ramps and on-ramps: women's nonlinear career paths / Silvia Ann Hewlett -- Isn't she delightful? Creating relationships that get women to the top (and keep them there) / Karen L. Proudford -- Disrupting gender, revising leadership / Debra Meyerson, Robin Ely, Laura Wernick

Gender and Rights presents twenty-five essays by leading international scholars and advocates the relationship between rights and gender inequality. The essays are organized into six categories: rights, sources of harm and well-being, work, family, violence and political process and participation. Particular attention is paid throughout to the relationship between cultural practices and legal rights. The volume also highlights the conceptual and the political development of rights claims and rights regimes for women and sexual minorities. The essays therefore focus not only on the theoretical justifications for rights but also on the contextual complexities of their enactment, implementation, enforcement and consequences. ; https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/books/1181/thumbnail.jpg

In the American struggle for social justice, public interest litigation has played an indisputably important role. Yet over the past three decades, critics from both the left and right have challenged its capacity to secure systemic change. The critiques have varied, but have centered on two basic claims. The first is that litigation cannot itself reform social institutions. The second related concern is that over-reliance on courts diverts effort from potentially more productive political strategies and disempowers the groups that lawyers are seeking to assist. The result is too much law and too little justice. These critiques, although powerful in their analysis of the limits of litigation, have generally failed to adequately acknowledge its contributions and the complex ways in which legal proceedings can support political mobilization. This Article seeks to move beyond these critiques by situating the debate over public interest litigation in a richer theoretical and empirical context. In essence, our argument is that such litigation is an imperfect but indispensable strategy of social change. Our challenge is to increase its effectiveness through better understanding of its capacities and constraints. To that end, we draw on two bodies of work: research on law and social change, and research on social philanthropy. The first literature offers a detailed empirical and theoretical picture of how lawyers mobilize law to change institutional rules and redistribute power. In its empirical dimension, this research explores the ideals and practices of public interest lawyers and how their strategies are informed by where they work—non-profit public interest organizations, large firm pro bono programs, plaintiff-side law firms, and law school clinics. In its theoretical dimension, this literature draws on the sociology of law and social movements to explore the interplay between legal proceedings and political mobilization. A second body of work, which focuses on strategic philanthropy, holds important insights for how public interest organizations and pro bono programs can most effectively direct their social reform efforts. We draw a number of lessons from this research. The first is that litigation, although a necessary strategy of social change, is never sufficient; it cannot effectively work in isolation from other mobilization efforts. Second, money matters: how public interest law is financed affects the kinds of cases that can be pursued and their likely social impact. A deeper understanding of financial constraints and opportunities in different practice contexts is therefore critical to effective reform. A third key insight is the importance of systematic evaluation. Only through more reflective assessments of the impact of litigation can we realize its full potential in pursuit of social justice.