Suchergebnisse

Das Problem des Praxisbezugs der Soziologie muß in einem erweiterten Kontext als "Wirkungszusammenhang" oder allgemein als "Auswirkungen" von Sozialwissenschaft betrachtet werden und damit in Zusammenhang mit einer Theorie sozialen Wandels treten. Diese "Neukonzeption des Anwendungsproblems der Soziologie" exemplifiziert der Verfasser anhand eines Abrisses der historischen Entwicklung der Soziologie, von der "Politischen Arithmetik" des 17. Jahrhunderts über Durkheim, Marx, Weber, dem Austromarxismus und seine Auswirkungen auf die Sozialwissenschaft im Nachkriegs-Österreich bis zur "Kritischen Theorie" der Frankfurter Schule. Die "Grundprobleme der Praxisrelevanz der Sozialforschung" werden in einer Reihe von "analytischen Kategorien" zu erfassen versucht. Diese Grundprobleme werden illustriert anhand der Beispiele "Grundlagenforschung", "Auftragsforschung" und "Handlungsforschung". Abschließend entwickelt der Verfasser ein Konzept einer "offenen Soziologie" in der postindustriellen Gesellschaft. (WZ)

An overview is attempted of sociol'al res on youth in Europe, the US, Africa, & Latin America. Res gaps exist in the following areas: (1) the conditions for pol'al participation & pol'al innovation by young people in the countries of the Third World have still not been adequately studied; (2) there is a need for a history & soc sci of the signif of 'youth' in the Third World; & (3) a general typology should be developed of sociol'al problems of youth across regions & cultures, to cover, among other aspects, fam discontinuity under Ur'ization & Ru/Ur migration, & difficulties of young women in escaping from their underprivileged & repressed status. There is an urgent need to develop & improve methods by linking direct inquiry & observation techniques with 'indirect' data & by combining "obtrusive" with 'unobtrusive' data. Specialization of inquiry, eg, by defining a clear practical relevance, may be essential. Greater attention must be given to the relationship between res & planning. There is a real need for a critical sci'fic reappraisal of the naive or unsophisticated concept of youth on which a great deal of res has been based, & for further extension of the theoretical terms. Suggestions are made for a review of the definition & subject area of youth sociol. The following aspects are explored in detail: (a) the theory of the instit'al integration of youth; (b) youth sociol based on the generation concept; (c) the theory of youth centering on the soc context; (d) the theory of youth as a theory of soc change determined by soc'ly deviant groups; (e) youth sociol based on the comparison of young people's motives & aspirations with their soc prospects & challenges; & (f) a neo-Marxist theory of youth. Finally, some "notes towards a historico-sociol'al analysis of youth in society" are presented. M. Maxfield.

Youth is defined as that segment of the pop which is between 15 & 24 yrs of age & which varies from 12-21% of the total/sum pop of a country, with a clear tendency to be larger in the developing countries of Latin America, Africa & Asia than in the industr'ized nations. Some general trends in the soc conditions of youth are explored in an effort to synthesize data from a variety of studies. Then the following specific subjects of youth sociol are taken up: (1) the S-cul variation of adolescence; (2) fam relations of adolescent youth; (3) peers & dating behavior; (4) youth movements, youth org's & youth centers; (5) youth & pol; (6) organized youth work & the role of internat'l org's; (7) aspects of adolescent consumer behavior; (8) leisure & leisure patterns of young workers; (9) aspects of behavior concerning symbolic culture; (10) types of adolescent soc'ization: `privileged' & `underprivileged' adolescence; (11) mass society & aspects of physical & mental health of youth. Works & data by J. M. Tanner, H. Schelsky, L. Roseninayr, A. W. Green, W. Ptaszynska, E. Erikson, H. Lamprecht, Peter Willmott, R. J. Havinghurst, W. D. Wall, A. D. Ross, S. N. Eisenstadt, O. Lewis, Pavle Novosel, J. S. Coleman, David Matza, I. L. Reiss, W. Wallter, Michael Schofield, Dagmar Cahova, L. Trichaud, A. Dickson, M. Mead, F. I. Greenstein, M. Abrams & others are cited. 6 Tables. M. Maxfield.