Suchergebnisse

A necessidade de inovação na gestão pública consiste em procurar novas ideias, tecnologias, técnicas e métodos, sistemas e procedimentos para estabelecer conexões relevantes entre o governo e a sociedade e para criar e melhorar o valor público, a fim de lidar com novos desafios sociais. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como a inovação na gestão pública tem sido abordada na produção científica brasileira. Foi realizado um estudo exploratório e descritivo com base em 27 artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus e SciELO, foram utilizadas técnicas de análise bibliométrica. Os resultados destacam o crescente interesse em pesquisas sobre a temática, os métodos adotados nas pesquisas são predominantemente qualitativos, performance e public service mostram-se como hot topics para futuras pesquisas, a existência de heterogeneidade das tendências de inovação em cada área da administração pública, a colaboração e parceria de diferentes agências e níveis de governo é muitas vezes necessária para lidar com desafios complexos e multifacetados. Também foram identificadas algumas barreiras: modelo de inovação estritamente de cunho gerencial e a inexistência de um indicador de inovação padrão. O estudo contribui para a compreensão das produções científicas e fornece direcionamentos para pesquisas futuras sobre inovação na gestão pública brasileira. As principais lacunas identificadas nesses textos referem-se às dificuldades em mensurar a inovação na gestão pública e, embora haja um crescimento de pesquisa no período analisado, ainda há um pequeno número de pesquisas neste setor.

El alumnado de Formación Profesional Básica (FPB) se encuentra, con frecuencia, desmotivado ante los estudios. El alumnado de esta investigación, además, se halla en riesgo de exclusión social, caracterizándose por presentar carencias académicas, sociales, personales y emocionales. El presente trabajo, con el objetivo de alcanzar la inclusión educativa, pretende analizar el proceso de alfabetización científica de 10 de estudiantes de FPB utilizando una secuencia didáctica, cuyo diseño metodológico se basa en los principios de la educación situada. Para medir su alcance, se ha utilizado un test de contenidos adaptados que se pasa de forma previa y posterior a la secuencia y una narrativa dirigida a conocer la percepción del alumnado durante el proceso. Las respuestas son analizadas utilizando una rúbrica y una tabla de categorías. Se observa el desarrollo de aspectos que ponen en evidencia cómo la experiencia ha conseguido la inclusión educativa del alumnado.

Mediante a crescente necessidade dos stakeholders por informações que ultrapassam dados financeiros e a busca das empresas por legitimar sua imagem como responsável social e ambientalmente, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar quais fatores podem explicar o nível de divulgação ambiental das empresas brasileiras e holandesas. A pesquisa analisou 19 empresas brasileiras e 22 empresas holandesas presentes no ranking da Forbes (2015), durante os anos de 2015, 2016 e 2017. A variável dependente foi medida através de 30 indicadores ambientais da GRI. As variáveis independentes foram as características das firmas, como desempenho financeiro, idade e tamanho. Para obter os resultados foram utilizados: estatística descritiva e inferencial, testes de normalidade, correlação de Pearson e regressão hierárquica. Sob a luz da teoria da legitimidade e da teoria dos stakeholders, os dados apontaram que as empresas brasileiras são mais transparentes do que as empresas holandesas em suas divulgações ambientais. Os resultados apontaram que existe uma relação positiva entre vendas, valor de mercado, tamanho e idade da firma e a divulgação ambiental. Em contrapartida, os dados mostraram que existe uma relação negativa entre lucros e ativos e a divulgação ambiental. Conclui-se que o desempenho financeiro das firmas brasileiras e holandesas pode afetar a divulgação ambiental.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To review the scientific production on organizational learning, which made use of the practice-based studies approach, concerning the production evolution, the author's profile, methodological characteristics, and correlated themes. Originality/value: Organizational learning presents gaps regarding contributions from other areas, such as Sociology. Practice Based Studies (PBS) have the sociological bias and the social space as a locus of learning processes and knowledge generation. No studies have been identified that review the national scientific production on organizational learning in the PBS context, reinforcing the potential contributions of this work. Design/methodology/approach: The research covered the papers available in Spell's database and in Capes Journals Portal, published until 2017, 42 in total. Those were systematically reviewed in a qualitative approach. Ucinet6 and NetDraw software were also used in the analysis. Findings: The publications are recent and focus on journals of national and international impact. The authorship is under responsibility of small groups, evidencing a partnership among the authors. The number of theoretical papers and the relevance of their contributions are significant. As for the empirical studies, there is a predominance of case study and interview. As to the themes, topics relevant to the PBS theoretical-methodological proposal are discussed. It was concluded that PBS, by taking the practices inserted in the context of organizations as a locus of learning study, reveal a potential to fill gaps in the traditional organizational learning perspective.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments declared severe restrictions throughout 2020, presenting an unprecedented scenario of reduced anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants derived mainly from traffic sources. To analyze the effect of these restrictions derived from COVID-19 pandemic on air quality levels, relative changes in NO, NO2, O3, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were calculated at urban traffic sites in the most populated Spanish cities over different periods with distinct restrictions in 2020. In addition to the changes calculated with respect to the observed air pollutant levels of previous years (2013-2019), relative changes were also calculated using predicted pollutant levels for the different periods over 2020 on a business-as-usual scenario using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) models with meteorological and seasonal predictors. MLR models were selected among different data mining techniques (MLR, Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)), based on their higher performance and accuracy obtained from a leave-one-year-out cross-validation scheme using 2013-2019 data. A q-q mapping post-correction was also applied in all cases in order to improve the reliability of the predictions to reproduce the observed distributions and extreme events. This approach allows us to estimate the relative changes in the studied air pollutants only due to COVID-19 restrictions. The results obtained from this approach show a decreasing pattern for NOx, with the largest reduction in the lockdown period above -50%, whereas the increase observed for O3 contrasts with the NOx patterns with a maximum increase of 23.9%. The slight reduction in PM10 (-4.1%) and PM2.5 levels (-2.3%) during lockdown indicates a lower relationship with traffic sources. The developed methodology represents a simple but robust framework for exploratory analysis and intervention detection in air quality studies. ; This research was developed in the framework of the Project "Contaminación atmosférica y COVID-19: ¿Qué podemos aprender de esta pandemia?", selected in the Extraordinary BBVA Foundation grant call for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 research proposals, within the area of ecology and veterinary science.

The global COVID-19 pandemic that began in late December 2019 led to unprecedented lockdowns worldwide, providing a unique opportunity to investigate in detail the impacts of restricted anthropogenic emissions on air quality. A wide range of strategies and approaches exist to achieve this. In this paper, we use the "deweather" R package, based on Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) models, first to remove the influences of meteorology and emission trend patterns from NO, NO2, PM10 and O3 data series, and then to calculate the relative changes in air pollutant levels in 2020 with respect to the previous seven years (2013–2019). Data from a northern Spanish region, Cantabria, with all types of monitoring stations (traffic, urban background, industrial and rural) were used, dividing the calendar year into eight periods according to the intensity of government restrictions. The results showed mean reductions in the lockdown period above −50% for NOx, around −10% for PM10 and below −5% for O3. Small differences were found between the relative changes obtained from normalised data with respect to those from observations. These results highlight the importance of developing an integrated policy to reduce anthropogenic emissions and the need to move towards sustainable mobility to ensure safer air quality levels, as pre-existing concentrations in some cases exceed the safe threshold.

The global COVID-19 pandemic that began in late December 2019 led to unprecedented lockdowns worldwide, providing a unique opportunity to investigate in detail the impacts of restricted anthropogenic emissions on air quality. A wide range of strategies and approaches exist to achieve this. In this paper, we use the "deweather" R package, based on Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) models, first to remove the influences of meteorology and emission trend patterns from NO, NO(2), PM(10) and O(3) data series, and then to calculate the relative changes in air pollutant levels in 2020 with respect to the previous seven years (2013–2019). Data from a northern Spanish region, Cantabria, with all types of monitoring stations (traffic, urban background, industrial and rural) were used, dividing the calendar year into eight periods according to the intensity of government restrictions. The results showed mean reductions in the lockdown period above −50% for NO(x), around −10% for PM(10) and below −5% for O(3). Small differences were found between the relative changes obtained from normalised data with respect to those from observations. These results highlight the importance of developing an integrated policy to reduce anthropogenic emissions and the need to move towards sustainable mobility to ensure safer air quality levels, as pre-existing concentrations in some cases exceed the safe threshold.

In Education, the use of technological resources to support students' teaching and learning is becoming more and more urgent. Teaching and Learning Portuguese [Ensinar e Aprender Português – EAP] is a structured and innovative educational resource, supported by the use of Information and Communication Technologies and based on scientific evidence. It is aimed at students (and teachers) of the four years of primary school. It aims to: i) support the teaching/learning of reading and writing in primary school; ii) signalize, in a timely manner, students at-risk of presenting difficulties in learning to read and write; and iii) support the recovery of learning. This paper will present this digital resource developed for the Portuguese context, based on the Portuguese curriculum and the legislation on inclusive education. It is also anchored in the multilevel approach whose focus on digital transition, on screening tests and monitoring of learning has introduced new challenges in the education system. As it is a digital resource whose activities are self-executable and for which explanatory and corrective feedbacks are provided, it contributes to bridge a gap in terms of digital transition which was particularly visible in a pandemic context such as the one we are going through. ; In Education, the use of technological resources to support students' teaching and learning is becoming more and more urgent. Teaching and Learning Portuguese [Ensinar e Aprender Português – EAP] is a structured and innovative educational resource, supported by the use of Information and Communication Technologies and based on scientific evidence. It is aimed at students (and teachers) of the four years of primary school. It aims to: i) support the teaching/learning of reading and writing in primary school; ii) signalize, in a timely manner, students at-risk of presenting difficulties in learning to read and write; and iii) support the recovery of learning. This paper will present this digital resource developed for the Portuguese context, ...

gerenciamento de riscos tem se mostrado como ferramenta essencial para o alcance dosobjetivos das instituições. No setor público, ela pode auxiliar na gestão mais eficiente dos recursos,que reflete na melhoria da prestação de serviços ao cidadão. Este estudo teve como objetivoinvestigar a produção científica de artigos sobre gestão de riscos com enfoque no setor público,publicada em periódicos nacionais. O estudo é caracterizado como uma pesquisa bibliométrica,exploratória-descritiva, documental, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram utilizados os bancos dedados SPELL (Scientific Periodicals Eletronic Library) e Plataforma Capes no período de 2008 a 2018.Observou-se um aumento na produção científica sobre a temática no período compreendido entre2008 e 2016, a partir de quando se observa um declínio. O perfil de autoria predominante foi dedois autores, doutores e vinculados a instituições da Região Sudeste, em especial São Paulo. Foramencontradas publicações em um grande número de periódicos com predominância de classificaçãoQualis B2. Prevalecem pesquisas qualitativas do tipo exploratória com a utilização do estudo decaso. A maior parcela dos estudos realizou-se em entes públicos da esfera estadual e municipal.Identificou-se, também, que uma parcela significativa dos estudos se baseia no modelo COSO.

O presente estudo objetivou investigar a relação entre as percepções dos servidores técnico-administrativos da Universidade Federal do Ceará quanto às atitudes da carreira proteana e a sua satisfação com o trabalho. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa, realizada com 417 técnico-administrativos em educação por meio de um questionário que avalia as duas atitudes da carreira proteana - orientação por valores e autodirecionamento - e as cinco dimensões da satisfação no trabalho de Siqueira (2008). Os resultados indicaram um forte auto direcionamento de carreira e moderada orientação por valores. Quanto às dimensões da satisfação no trabalho, os servidores mostraram-se predominantemente mais satisfeitos com o relacionamento entre os colegas e com a chefia, corroborando estudos anteriores realizados com servidores de outras instituições. Adicionalmente, análises de correlação e de árvores de decisão mostraram as características do perfil dos respondentes, que podem influenciar nas atitudes da carreira proteana.

A trajetória reflexiva que segue está apoiada numa revisão de literatura. O foco da análise volta-se para o tripé Interdisciplinaridade, Formação Continuada e Serviço Social considerando queisso traz subsídios para o profissional envolvido com ações no âmbito da saúde. Entretanto, considera-se também bastante pertinente, enquanto elementos complementares à análise, a exposição de algumas ideias referentes à conceituação da palavra, resgate histórico, motivações para se refletir e agir interdisciplinarmente, reflexos destas atitudes dentro dos ambientes acadêmicos, societário, e por fim sobre os desafios que se colocam aos que desejam trilhar por este caminho.

CIEC – Research Centre on Child Studies, UM (FCT R&D 317) ; Background: In 2008, the Portuguese smoke-free law came into effect including partial bans in the leisure-hospitality (LH) sector. The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of smoking control policies (total ban, smoking permission and designated smoking areas) adopted by the LH sector in Portugal. The levels of noncompliance with each policy are investigated as well as the main factors associated with smoking permission and noncompliance with the law. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted between January 2010 and May 2011. A random sample of venues was selected from the Portuguese LH sector database, proportionally stratified according to type, size and geographical area. All venues were assessed in loco by an observer. The independent effects of venues' characteristics on smoking permission and the level of noncompliance with the law were explored using logistic regression. Results: Overall, 1.412 venues were included. Total ban policy was adopted by 75.9% of venues, while 8.4% had designated smoking areas. Smoking ban was more prevalent in restaurants (85.9%). Only 29.7% of discos/bars/pubs opted for complete ban. Full or partial smoking permission was higher in discos/bar/pubs (OR = 7.37; 95%CI 4.87 to 11.17). Noncompliance with the law was higher in venues allowing smoking and lower in places with complete ban (33.6% and 7.6% respectively, p, 0.001). Discos/bars/pubs with full smoking permission had the highest level of noncompliance (OR = 3.31; 95%CI 1.40 to 7.83). Conclusions: Our findings show a high adherence to smoking ban policy by the Portuguese LH sector. Nonetheless, one quarter of the venues is fully or partially permissive towards smoking, with the discos/bars/pubs considerably contributing to this situation. Venues with smoking permission policies were less compliant with the legislation. The implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free law, without any exceptions, is essential to effectively protect people from the ...

The global COVID-19 pandemic that began in late December 2019 led to unprecedented lockdowns worldwide, providing a unique opportunity to investigate in detail the impacts of restricted anthropogenic emissions on air quality. A wide range of strategies and approaches exist to achieve this. In this paper, we use the "deweather" R package, based on Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) models, first to remove the influences of meteorology and emission trend patterns from NO, NO2, PM10 and O3 data series, and then to calculate the relative changes in air pollutant levels in 2020 with respect to the previous seven years (2013-2019). Data from a northern Spanish region, Cantabria, with all types of monitoring stations (traffic, urban background, industrial and rural) were used, dividing the calendar year into eight periods according to the intensity of government restrictions. The results showed mean reductions in the lockdown period above -50% for NOx, around -10% for PM10 and below -5% for O3. Small differences were found between the relative changes obtained from normalised data with respect to those from observations. These results highlight the importance of developing an integrated policy to reduce anthropogenic emissions and the need to move towards sustainable mobility to ensure safer air quality levels, as pre-existing concentrations in some cases exceed the safe threshold.

O estudo analisou os níveis de disclosure de boas práticas de governança corporativa de companhias brasileiras segundo as recomendações da ONU, levando em conta características relacionadas ao porte empresarial. De natureza descritiva e quantitativa, o estudo utilizou dados secundários oriundos de diversos documentos, como Demonstrações Financeiras Anuais e Formulário de Referência de 43 empresas listadas no segmento Novo Mercado, da BM&FBovespa. A análise baseou-se em estatísticas descritivas, coeficientes de correlação e testes de diferenças de médias, adotando-se como proxies para mensuração do disclosure o Guia de Boas Práticas de Governança Corporativa da ONU. Os resultados sugerem elevados índices de atendimento aos indicadores propostos pelo Guia da ONU, em especial pelas empresas de Utilidade Pública. Por meio dos testes de diferenças de médias, foi possível constatar que, de fato, as empresas maiores apresentam níveis mais altos de disclosure de governança. Assim, constata-se o alinhamento das empresas brasileiras ao disclosure das boas práticas de governança sugeridas pela ONU, tendo o porte empresarial influência determinante na adesão à divulgação.