Suchergebnisse

The paper gives a comprehensive picture of fundamental issues connected with the Irish ?economic miracle?, with especial regard to globalisation effect. The analysis of Ireland?s economic development in the period from 1960 to 2003 answers the question why it decelerated, instead of accelerating, for a long time: two decades after the accession to the European Community in 1973 and mainly the enigma, the ?economic miracle? why the rate of growth accelerated in the decade after 1993 to an extent (on annual average to almost 8 percent) similar to that previously observed only in East Asia. The country has not only caught up economically with the European Union, but has approximated the level of development of the United States. The analysis shows that all this can be attributed not only to Ireland?s favourable conditions, but also to an adequate economic policy and foreign direct investment. The author reveals the so-called globalisation effect that in Ireland after 1993 had a decisive role in the extraordinary acceleration of economic growth.

Anhand der Entwicklungen von inflationären Prozessen in Ungarn, Polen, Jugoslawien und der VR China untersucht der Autor, ob es Zusammenhänge zwischen Reformprozessen und der Inflation gibt. Er vergleicht die Entwicklung der Inflation vor und nach der Reform in diesen Ländern sowie mit inflationärer Entwicklung in entwickelten Industrieländern am Beispiel der USA. Nach der Analyse der Ergebnisse stellt er fest, daß es nach der Reform zu Unausgewogenheiten im Geldumlauf kam. Die Geldmenge ist doppelt so hoch, als dies normalerweise erforderlich sei. Deutlich ist, daß Reformprozesse die Inflation begünstigt haben. Die Defizite des Staatshaushaltes und des Außenhandels waren wichtige Faktoren der Inflation. Als Lösungsweg in der Eindämmung der Inflation wird die Herausbildung eines effektiven Marktmechanismus mit einer begrenzten staatlichen Steuerung der Wirtschaftsabläufe vorgeschlagen. (BIOst-Ldg)

The paper searches for an answer to the following questions: why had the situation in Japan and the European Union situation improved in comparison with the one in United States prior to the first oil price shock; what factors altered this tendency later, especially from the 1990s onwards; what was the role of the international economic conditions in all that? Applying the models of mathematical economics, the authors have proven their main statements by an econometric investigation. The most important conclusion that can be drawn is that in the world economic competition the situation both in Japan and the European Union was primarily determined by the changes in the world economic conditions, chiefly the oil prices in the world market and the exchange rates, what can less be said of the United States.