Suchergebnisse

After the "Troubles" broke out in Northern Ireland in 1969, the Australian government became increasingly concerned that these international tensions would manifest themselves within the Irish diaspora. Sympathy for Irish Republicanism was identified in a number of nationalist and socialist groups in Australia which were monitored by the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO). Although chiefly focused on the Communist Party of Australia, ASIO monitored Irish Republicans alongside other left‐wing groups and social movements. Based on recently released ASIO files, this article explores the extent to which they were surveilled. The article argues that the monitoring of the Irish Republicans can fit into two periods. The first period, from the outbreak of the "Troubles" in 1969 to 1972, was when Irish Republicanism was seen as an extension of the Communist and Trotskyist groups in Australia. The second period, from 1972 through to the late 1970s, saw security services much more concerned about Irish Republicanism as terrorism, as international terrorism and the expansion of the IRA's bombing campaigns outside of Northern Ireland became an increasing concern. This shift in perceptions of Irish Republicanism demonstrates a wider shift in focus for ASIO and the Australian authorities from Cold War counter‐subversion to counter‐terrorism.

In an effort to ascertain whether certain migrants and refugees have been telling the 'truth' about their age, the UK border control system has, in the past, relied on the use of skeletal x- ray to estimate the applicant's age, and in recent years has sought to use dental x-ray for the same purpose. However using x-ray for age assessment purposes has been criticised as inaccurate in providing a reasonable estimate of age and as an unnecessary medical risk, which infringes the human rights of the applicant. This is particularly pertinent in the case of children who are victims of trafficking and unaccompanied young people who may be vulnerable to exploitation, because if declared as children, they can access a higher level of care and protection under childcare law. The article argues that the deferment to the use of x-ray to reveal the 'truth' in age disputes is evidence that the border control system is more concerned with keeping 'undesirable' people out of the UK than observing the human rights of the vulnerable people who come into contact with the system.

Review of Ka Whawhai Tonu Matou Struggle Without End (Revised Edition), by Ranginui WalkerKa Whawhai Tonu Matou represented a challenge to the more sanitised versions of history that tended to present New Zealand as a harmonious and progressive nation in a world otherwise characterised by incessant ethnic conflict, racism and division. This romanticism, originally encapsualted in Hobson's decree at the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi that New Zealand was 'one nation, one people', had become firmly entrenched in the conciousness of many New Zealanders.

Introduction : the history of the far left in Australia since 1945 / Jon Piccini, Evan Smith and Matthew Worley -- Australian communism in crisis, 1956 / Phillip Deery -- The current of Maoism in the Australian far left / Drew Cottle and Angela Keys -- Breaking with Moscow : the Communist Party of Australia's new road to socialism / David McKnight -- The "white Australia" policy must go : the Communist Party of Australia and immigration restriction / Jon Piccini and Evan Smith -- The far left and the fight for aboriginal rights : the formation of the Council for Aboriginal Rights (CAR), 1951 / Jennifer Clark -- How far left? : negotiating radicalism in Australian anti-nuclear politics in the 1960s / Kyle Harvey -- 1968 in Australia : the student movement and the New Left / Russell Marks -- Changing consciousness, changing lifestyles : Australia's women liberation, the left and the politics of "personal solutions" / Isobelle Barrett Meyering -- Black power and white solidarity : the Action Conference on Racism and Education, Brisbane 1972 / Lewis d'Avigdor -- The Australian left and gay liberation, from 1945 to 2000s / Liz Ross -- Beating BHP : the Wollongong jobs for women campaign 1980-1991 / Diana Covell -- Halcyon days? : the Amalgamated Metal Workers' Union and the accord / Elizabeth Humphrys -- Reading and contesting Germaine Greer and Dennis Altman : the 1970s and beyond / Jon Piccini and Ana Stevenson -- The cultural front : left cultural activism in the post-war era / Lisa Milner

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of contributors -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Introduction: The history of the far left in Australia since 1945 -- Outlining the history of the far left -- The need for a history of the far left in Australia -- Notes -- PART 1: Organisational histories -- 1. Australian Communism in crisis - 1956 -- Russia -- America -- Great Britain -- Australia -- Hungary -- Notes -- 2. The current of Maoism in the Australian Far Left -- The emergence of the Communist Party of Australia (MarxistLeninist) -- The CPA (M-L), the Sino-Soviet split, and the wider Cold War context -- A case study of Maoist students: Monash University -- Understanding the Maoist student movement -- The Maoists and the penal powers struggle -- The Maoists and the Builders' Labourers Federation: Black Bans, Green Bans and Norm Gallagher -- The Maoists and the era of the Whitlam government -- The Maoists and campaigns on the cultural front -- Maoist and Trotskyist rivalries within the Australian Far Left -- The CPA (M-L) and China -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 3. Breaking with Moscow: The Communist Party of Australia's new road to socialism -- The secret speech -- Czechoslovakia -- The position of the opposition -- Untangling the CPA's evolution -- Notes -- 4. 'The "White Australia" policy must go': The Communist Party of Australia and immigration restriction -- Labourism and 'White Australia' -- The industrial workers of the world -- The Communist Party of Australia and the Comintern in the 1920s -- From the Third Period to World War II -- 'Australia's Monroe Doctrine': critiquing White Australia -- Good and bad refugees: opposing mass migration and contesting deportations -- An 'immoral policy'?: Communism and White Australia in the 1960s

"Vladimir Putin has a master plan to divide Europe, destroy NATO, reclaim Russian influence in the world, and most of all to marginalize the United States and the West in order to achieve regional hegemony and global power. Until now, Putin's unified strategy and vision for Europe has not been thoroughly discussed or articulated in any meaningful way. Putin's Master Plan is the first comprehensive attempt to systematically explain Putin's global strategy that could inevitably and inexorably lead to the breakup of the NATO alliance and potentially to war with the West. The West has no strategy, no plan, and no tactics to confront Putin's master plan other than limited economic sanctions which have done little to deter Putin's aggression--and may well have encouraged and facilitated it. This is not just alarmism, but an accurate and for the first time clear, sober portrayal of a frightening situation that more and more serious observers of European and Russian politics are openly recognizing and acknowledging. Putin's Master Plan makes the case that it is essential to wake up to Putin's strategy to divide Europe, destroy NATO, and build a new empire in the former Soviet Union. Russia has demonstrated an extraordinary level of aggression, most boldly by its outright invasions of Georgia and Ukraine. Russia's terrified neighbors have been left without an alternative to Russian domination by American weakness and a divided Europe, and even once-stalwart American allies such as Georgia are on the brink of becoming part of Putin's new empire in Europe. Putin has made it clear that he sees NATO expansion as a fundamental threat to Russian nationhood, and he is systematically challenging the NATO Alliance as well as the United States. So far, he is winning"--

The overall aim of the paper is to present evidence on the factors underpinning historical deportation cases, by exploring the reasons, explanations and patterns related to deportation in Australia. The purpose is to consider whether these historical factors are antecedent to current forms of deportation occurring in Australia, and to bring to the fore potential recurring patterns. Deportation is currently conceptualised by border criminologists as a punitive tool of discipline and control, within the realm of penal powers. Some of this work on the 'deportation regime' asserts that certain migrants, or groups of migrants, are undesirable: their identity, (not)belonging and punishment have become inherently intertwined, and their mobility has become politicised and criminalised. This article theorises that deportation has been used in Australia, now and in the past, to expel individuals who are viewed as detrimental to the 'health' of the host society. The 'deportation categories' demonstrate that migrants' desirability has historically been a temporary condition, shifting over time in line with the state's requirements. They also demonstrate the historical regime of criminalisation of undesirable others enacted through Australia's border control regime.

The relationship between international communism, the national communist parties, and anti-colonial political movements is a subject which has drawn heated debates both amongst activists and historians. This professed anti-imperialism attracted new recruits in the non-European world,
enabling the organisation to begin to break out of the European and North American strongholds which had been basis of prior social-democratic internationalism. Within the metropoles, racialised outsiders entered party ranks determined to turn the propounded anti-colonial ideals into a political
reality. Connections were forged between labour movement activists and anti-colonialists, and between different colonial nationalist campaigners. This issue of Twentieth Century Communism features a selection of papers presented at a symposium at the University of Manchester, UK in November
2018. The symposium considered considered new trends in the history of communist anti-colonialism and internationalism in the twentieth century. 'Within and Against the Metropole' drew together scholars and activists from the US, Europe and the UK.

Cover -- Endorsements -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- 1 Introduction: Fascism and Anti-Fascism in Australian History -- 2 An Uncomfortable Past: Historiographical Reflections on Fascism and Interwar Australia -- 3 Labour 'Armies' in the 1930s' Depression: From Industrial Disputes to Anti-Fascism -- 4 Egon Kisch and Black Australia -- 5 'The Renaissance of our Fatherland': Fascist Rhetoric and Intra-Communal Tension, Loveday Internment Group Camp 14A, 28 October 1942 -- 6 'War on the Whiteman': Australia in the Racial and Political Imagination of Britain's Far Right, 1945-1970 -- 7 Fascism in Exile: Ustasha-Linked Organisations in Australia -- 8 European and Australian Fascisms: The Case of Ferenc Molnár and National Socialism in Cold War Australia -- 9 Fascism and Anti-Fascism in Perth in the 1980s -- 10 Far Right, Far Left and Australian Engagement With Libya in the 1980s -- 11 'I cop this shit all the time and I'm sick of it': Pauline Hanson, the Far Right and the Politics of Victimhood in Australia -- 12 Discourses of Western Civilisation in the Australian Federal Parliament -- 13 Fascists in and out of Uniform: Situating Street Fascism in the Broader Context of White Supremacy -- Index.

"Histories of Fascism and Anti-Fascism in Australia provides a history of fascist movements and anti-fascist resistance in Australia over the last century. In recent years, the far right has become a resurgent force across the globe, resulting in populist parties securing electoral victories, social movements organising on the streets, and acts of right-wing terrorism. Australia has not been immune to this. However, this is not merely a recent phenomenon; it has a long history of fascist and far-right groups and individuals. These groups have attempted to situate themselves within the wider settler colonial political landscape, often portraying themselves as the inheritors of a violent and exclusionary colonial past. Concurrently, these groups have linked into globalised anti-communist and white supremacist networks. At the same time, Australia has often seen resistance to fascism and the far right, from the political centre to the far left. Covering the period from the 1920s to the present day, and featuring insights from historians, sociologists, and political scientists, this book provides the most detailed account of this fascinating and important topic. This book will be of interest to students and activists with an interest in the extreme right and anti-fascism as well as Australian history, politics, and society"--