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The educational professionalism in pre-primary contexts appears now involvedin a transformative process that includes new strategic and importantdimensions into professional development. Its contributes to redefine theaspects of teachers' continuing training, which cannot be limited on skillslearning, but must include and increase the value and features of professionalagency and the contexts of its training. The project research we are goingto outline examines the correlation between the agency's capability processesand the pre-primary teachers professional development. The first evidencesabout the increased value acquired by the extracurricular aspects ofnetworking and governance lead to suppose the focusing of enlarged learningcontexts on vocational training. Its suggests a need to define new trainingand educational policies, able to include informal and enlarged dimensionsfor the enhancement of agency and teaching professionalism. ; La professionalità educativa nei contesti prescolastici risulta oggi coinvoltain un processo di trasformazione che include nuove componenti strategichee significative di sviluppo professionale. Questo contribuisce aridefinire le dimensioni della formazione continua docente, che non puòlimitarsi all'acquisizione di competenza ma deve includere ed approfondireil valore e le caratteristiche dell'azione professionale e dei suoi contesti diformazione. Il progetto di ricerca che si andrà a delineare indaga la correlazioneesistente tra i processi di capacitazione dell'azione (agency) e losviluppo professionale degli insegnanti prescolastici. Le prime evidenzerispetto al crescente valore assunto dalle dimensioni extrascolastiche dinetworking e governance conducono ad ipotizzare la centralità dei contestid'apprendimento allargati sulla formazione professionale. Questo suggeriscela necessità di definire nuove politiche di formazione capaci di includeredimensioni informali ed allargate per la valorizzazione dell'azionee della professionalità docente.

Dottorato di ricerca in Economia e territorio ; La tesi prende il via da una ricerca qualitativa e quantitativa condotta nei centri sociali anziani autogestiti della provincia di Viterbo, affiliati ANCeSCAO, su di un campione di 393 soci. La presenza del capitale sociale (da adesso cs) è stata declinata nelle relazioni fra salute, felicità, fiducia e il "capability approach" di Amartya Sen, considerato come una forma di cs. L'indagine dimostra relazioni tendenziali fra cs e salute, evidenziate da una riduzione di farmaci e ricoveri, e una relazione significativa tra felicità e cs, considerando che la media nel Lazio sulla soddisfazione della propria vita è al 31%, nel campione ANCeSCAO è al 55%. Nel rapporto tra fiducia specifica e generalizzata: pur essendo bassa la fiducia "istituzionale", la stessa non impedisce il "civic engagment", rilevabile dalla disponibilità ad aiutare la comunità locale (65%) e dal voto alle ultime elezioni politiche (89%). Risulta confermato anche l'approccio delle capability, per cui l'ambiente sociale e l'aumento delle conoscenze/competenze ha un ruolo sulla libertà e sul benessere degli individui. Dalla ricerca appare, invece, smentita l'idea che un cs di tipo "bonding" sia da ostacolo allo sviluppo, infatti, gli iscritti ai centri anziani, oltre ad aiutare gli altri iscritti, sono inseriti in maniera cruciale nel territorio, favorendone la coesione, ma anche aiutando finanziariamente altre associazioni locali, o contribuendo a ridurre il disagio di eventi castrofici, con una raccolte fondi. Gli approcci teorici che vedrebbero i mondi associativi esaurire la portata sociale al loro interno, non sono confermati nella presente ricerca, la quale conferma, invece, la visione del cs di Robert Putnam. L'indagine suggerisce ai policy maker, un significativo sospostamento delle risorse, dai traferimenti diretti, alle reti come ANCeSCAO, al fine di garantire welfare abilitanti e sostenibili, economie di scala, di scopo e della conoscenza. Infine, il valore aggiunto di ANCeSCAO risiedere nella buona organizzazione burocratica, e nella promozione di valori democratici, che hanno un impatto anche sulla comunità locale. ; The thesis starts from a qualitative and quantitative research conducted in elderly self-managed social centers of the province of Viterbo, affiliates Ancescao, on a sample of 393 members. The presence of the social capital (hence cs) has been declined in the relationship between health, happiness, trust and the "capability approach" of Amartya Sen, considered as a form of cs. The survey shows relationships between cs and health trends, highlighted by a reduction consumption of medicines and hospitalizations, and a significant relationship between happiness and cs, whereas the average in Lazio on life satisfaction is 31%, the sample has to Ancescao 55%. In the relationship between specific and generalized trust: despite being low confidence "institutional", the same does not prevent the "civic engagment", detectable by the willingness to help the local community (65%) and the vote at the last election (89%) . It is also confirmed the approach of capability, so the social environment and the increase of knowledge/skills has a role on the freedom and individual well-being. From research it appears, however, refuted the idea that a CS-type "bonding" is an obstacle to development, in fact, those enrolled in elderly centers, in addition to helping other members, are included in a crucial area, promoting cohesion but also providing financial support to other local associations, or helping people with fundraisers. The theoretical approaches that would see the associative worlds exhaust the social significance in them, are not confirmed in this study, which confirms, however, the vision of the cs of Robert Putnam. The survey suggests to the policy makers, to move finacial resources, from direct money-transfer to networks as Ancescao, to ensure welfare and enabling sustainable economies of scale, scope and knowledge. Finally, the value added of Ancescao is base on a good bureaucratic organization, and the promotion of democratic values, which have an impact on the local community.

Technological food processing, such as grilling and smoking, can produce high levels of PAH in treated products, and risk for human health is related to the type of ingested food and the frequency of consumption. However, the recent legislation (Regulation EC 835/2011) on maximum levels of PAHs in foods did not set limits for milk and dairy products, including smoked cheeses, even if some smoking techniques can cause formation and accumulation of PAHs on food. Among smoked cheese, smoked buffalo mozzarella or "provola" is a typical product with DOP mark, it may be PAH contaminated. During traditional smoking process Mozzarella was exposed to smoke obtained from the incomplete straw or wood shavings combustion in smoking room. Alternatively, the smoked product is obtained by immersing the cheese in the so-called "liquid smoke", a solution obtained through condensation and filtration of smoke. Sometimes, illegal procedures, as corrugated paper or varnished wood combustion, are employed for smoking food production. The authorized materials are wheat straw, wood shavings of fir, beech or alder bark, which are placed in special containers. This thesis project aimed to assess levels and distribution of B(a)P and other three marker PAHs (PAH4), as suggested by EFSA in the smoked buffalo mozzarella cheese obtained by different smoking techniques usually employed in dairies of Campania. Besides the influence of different techniques, permitted or non by law, on the content of PAHs in mozzarella was evaluated. This research, aimed to study the migration of PAHs from the external surface (rind) of the mozzarella, more exposed to the smoke, into core and so consumer exposure to these contaminants through ingestion of whole mozzarella. For this purpose were analyzed separately out of mozzarella (rind), core and whole product. 50 batches of samples of buffalo mozzarella, each of 16 samples (250 gr), produced according to the specifications established by the Decree (D.Mi.PAF. 2003), in a dairy farm located in the Salerno province (Campania) and with CE mark. Once produced, mozzarella samples were transported to another dairy, where, a mozzarella was not smoked and conceded as blank matrix while groups of three mozzarella were smoked with different techniques such as combustion of cardboard, bark of alder, chips of fir or beech, wheat straw and liquid smoke. The obtained results showed a not PAH contamination in non-smoked mozzarella cheese samples and in the core of smoked ones. About the rind, highest levels were found in sample obtained from cardboard combustion and in particular BaP levels ranged from 110 to 417.8 µg/kg. However, the levels found in traditional techniques were highest in samples obtained by bark of alder combustion (5.1 µg/kg – 54.0 µg/kg), followed by chips of fir or beech combustion (1.5 µg/kg – 44.3 µg/kg) and straw (0.2 µg/kg – 28.2 µg/kg). Considering the whole products, similar trend was observed. In particular, the use of illegal techniques such as cardboard combustion showed highest BaP (median 8.3 µg/kg), while in traditional techniques bark of alder showed a median of 2.8 µg/kg, followed by chips of fir or beech with a median 1.2 µg/kg and finally, by straw with a median of 0.4 µg/kg. All sample obtained by immersion in liquid smoke showed not detectable PAH levels both in rind and in whole product. A statistical analysis was carried out in order to evaluate if the time can effect on the PAH formation, and any statistical differences were found. However the use of different materials and techniques can produce a different amount of PAH in smoked food. A statistical analysis showed that the rind can represent a barrier to migration of generated PAH into the core of the products and it so can support the accumulation of these compounds. For this reason it is recommended to remove the rind until the ingestion of this smoked cheese, considering also that our data are always higher than daily intake and intake for person evaluated by EFSA, except for liquid smoke. This suggests that mozzarella subjected to treatment with liquid smoke is preferable to the those smoked with traditional procedures.

The educational professionalism in pre-primary contexts appears now involved in a transformative process that includes new strategic and important dimensions into professional development. Its contributes to redefine the aspects of teachers' continuing training, which cannot be limited on skills learning, but must include and increase the value and features of professional agency and the contexts of its training. The project research we are going to outline examines the correlation between the agency's capability processes and the pre-primary teachers professional development. The first evidences about the increased value acquired by the extracurricular aspects of networking and governance lead to suppose the focusing of enlarged learning contexts on vocational training. Its suggests a need to define new training and educational policies, able to include informal and enlarged dimensions for the enhancement of agency and teaching professionalism. La professionalità educativa nei contesti prescolastici risulta oggi coinvolta in un processo di trasformazione che include nuove componenti strategiche e significative di sviluppo professionale. Questo contribuisce a ridefinire le dimensioni della formazione continua docente, che non può limitarsi all'acquisizione di competenza ma deve includere ed approfondire il valore e le caratteristiche dell'azione professionale e dei suoi contesti di formazione. Il progetto di ricerca che si andrà a delineare indaga la correlazione esistente tra i processi di capacitazione dell'azione (agency) e lo sviluppo professionale degli insegnanti prescolastici. Le prime evidenze rispetto al crescente valore assunto dalle dimensioni extrascolastiche di networking e governance conducono ad ipotizzare la centralità dei contesti d'apprendimento allargati sulla formazione professionale. Questo suggerisce la necessità di definire nuove politiche di formazione capaci di includere dimensioni informali ed allargate per la valorizzazione dell'azione e della professionalità docente.

Was haben Charlotte Roches Romane mit Elfriede Jelineks Werk oder mit Hermann Nitschs Orgien-Mysterien-Theater gemeinsam? Können Finanzkrisenromane gesellschaftspolitisch etwas leisten, was ein Film wie »Wall Street« nicht kann? Was hat die Filmheldin Lara Croft gegen Kleists Bühnen-Penthesilea und gegen ihre amazonischen Schwestern im Roman aufzubieten?Nadja Urbani beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie sich die traditionellen Künste Roman, Film und Theater in der heutigen Medienlandschaft gegeneinander behaupten können. Anhand dreier Dimensionen - des Ekelaffekts, der Finanzkrise und der Amazonenfiguren - präsentiert sie eine Medienkonkurrenzanalyse der »ernsten« und »unterhaltenden« Kunst. Dabei wird deutlich: Die Blätter des Romans, die Bilder des Films und die Bretter des Theaters bringen ein jeweils unterschiedliches und zugleich intermediales Kunsterleben hervor - ekelhaft, krisengeschüttelt und sagenhaft zugleich.

The policies on education and training systems seem to point today at a new defininition of framework to promote a New Welfare of active citizenship, that we could call "Learnfare". In pre-primary education this is expressed as a necessity to integrate enlarged learning contexts, in order to build an integrated systemof education. So, what implications this prospective produce on theteacher's practice? Moreover, if we think at the roles traditionally associated to the pre-primary teacher's professional profile, what does it mean this kind of new framework? Today, professional teacher's development requires a conceptual change: it cannot longer be interpreted in terms of basic and strategic skillslearning, but must include reflexive and transformative competences buit on the interaction within a context that includes the parental and intergenerational relationships.Through the implicit and/or latent resources arising from thesewider contexts, a teacher can activate a capability process on both his personal and professional training. Furthermore, the approach proposed about professional teacher's development could enact new pedagogical practices and theoretical pathways, in order to establish a new conceptual framework in the space of capability learnfare through which to address future policies. ; Le politiche sui sistemi d'istruzione e formazione sembrano puntare oggi alla ridefinizione della prospettiva di learnfare per promuovere un New Welfare di cittadinanza attiva. Nell'educazione prescolastica questo si traduce nell'esigenza di integrare i contesti d'apprendimento allargati per costruire un sistema formativointegrato. Ma quali implicazioni produce questo sulla pratica dell'insegnante?Ma soprattutto, cosa comporta un rinnovamento di questo genere nelle funzioni tradizionalmente associate al profilo professionale? Oggi lo sviluppo professionale richiede un cambiamento concettuale: esso non può più essere interpretato nei termini dell'apprendimento di competenze basiche e strategiche, ma deve necessariamente ...

International audience ; Abstract – Machiavelli's unfinished poem, " The Golden Ass " , undertaken about 1517, was published in 1549, the same year as Giovan Battista Gelli's " Circe ". Drawing its inspiration from Apuleius' celebrated " Golden Ass " and Dante's " Divine Comedy " , this text, by which Machiavelli intends to stand as the judge of his time, ends with the rewriting of one of Plutarch's famous " moral works " devoted to the superiority of animal condition. Gelli takes up the latter notion illustrating it through a fully distinct work, in the form of a series of dialogues uttered on the island of Circe: Ulysses proposes to the animals to give them back their original human form but they obstinately refuse his offer. Machiavelli's poem was indeed a vengeful political fable – Gelli's " Circe " , as far as it is concerned, appears to be as a philosophical and humanistic lesson addressed by the author to his contemporaries. ; – Le poème inachevé de Machiavel, « L'Âne d'or », entrepris vers 1517, fut publié en 1549, la même année que « La Circé » de Giovan Battista Gelli. Inspiré du célèbre « Âne d'or » d'Apulée et de la « Divine Comédie » de Dante, ce texte, par lequel Machiavel entend se faire justicier de son époque, se termine sur la réécriture d'une célèbre « oeuvre morale » de Plutarque qui est un éloge de la supériorité de la condition animale. Gelli reprend cette dernière idée et lui consacre une oeuvre à part entière, sous la forme d'une série de dialogues advenus sur l'île de Circé où les animaux à qui Ulysse propose de rendre leur forme humaine, refusent l'offre énergiquement. Tandis que le poème de Machiavel était une fable politique vengeresse, « La Circé » de Gelli apparaît comme une leçon de philosophie et d'humanisme adressée par l'auteur à ses contemporains.

International audience ; Abstract – Machiavelli's unfinished poem, " The Golden Ass " , undertaken about 1517, was published in 1549, the same year as Giovan Battista Gelli's " Circe ". Drawing its inspiration from Apuleius' celebrated " Golden Ass " and Dante's " Divine Comedy " , this text, by which Machiavelli intends to stand as the judge of his time, ends with the rewriting of one of Plutarch's famous " moral works " devoted to the superiority of animal condition. Gelli takes up the latter notion illustrating it through a fully distinct work, in the form of a series of dialogues uttered on the island of Circe: Ulysses proposes to the animals to give them back their original human form but they obstinately refuse his offer. Machiavelli's poem was indeed a vengeful political fable – Gelli's " Circe " , as far as it is concerned, appears to be as a philosophical and humanistic lesson addressed by the author to his contemporaries. ; – Le poème inachevé de Machiavel, « L'Âne d'or », entrepris vers 1517, fut publié en 1549, la même année que « La Circé » de Giovan Battista Gelli. Inspiré du célèbre « Âne d'or » d'Apulée et de la « Divine Comédie » de Dante, ce texte, par lequel Machiavel entend se faire justicier de son époque, se termine sur la réécriture d'une célèbre « oeuvre morale » de Plutarque qui est un éloge de la supériorité de la condition animale. Gelli reprend cette dernière idée et lui consacre une oeuvre à part entière, sous la forme d'une série de dialogues advenus sur l'île de Circé où les animaux à qui Ulysse propose de rendre leur forme humaine, refusent l'offre énergiquement. Tandis que le poème de Machiavel était une fable politique vengeresse, « La Circé » de Gelli apparaît comme une leçon de philosophie et d'humanisme adressée par l'auteur à ses contemporains.

Nell'educazione prescolastica si fa largo una nuova prospettiva di formazione permanente che comprende i contesti di apprendimento allargati nella definizione del sistema educativo, contribuendo a formulare in senso inclusivo una pratica di cittadinanza attiva. Ciò comporta importanti ricadute sul riconoscimento e sulla qualificazione professionale della figura docente: la promozione di forme cooperative e partecipative allargate esprime un nuovo modo di considerare la comunità educativa nel suo aspetto di pratica sociale negoziata. Ciò provoca una ridefinizione delle competenzesoprattutto relazionali tradizionalmente associate al ruolo docenteper avvicinarlo ad un concetto di sviluppo professionale affine ad una progettualità realizzativa in senso capacitativo. Ripensare politiche formative professionali per gli insegnanti significa ridefinire strategie capaci di attivare azioni di capacitazione emergenti da dimensioni di tipo sociale, pratico-esperienziale e di valore.

Oggi l'educazione prescolastica assume una nuova centralità in relazione alsuo valore pedagogico-educativo e alle implicazioni politiche, economichee sociali. La formulazione politica non può essere demandata a logiche funzionalistema esige la definizione di precise finalità pedagogico-educative.L'articolo mira a descrivere le variabili politiche emergenti dal discorso sull'educazione prescolastica e a tratteggiare le piste di ricerca possibili per evidenziare nuove strategie di sviluppo del learnfare.

International audience Abstract – Machiavelli's unfinished poem, " The Golden Ass " , undertaken about 1517, was published in 1549, the same year as Giovan Battista Gelli's " Circe ". Drawing its inspiration from Apuleius' celebrated " Golden Ass " and Dante's " Divine Comedy " , this text, by which Machiavelli intends to stand as the judge of his time, ends with the rewriting of one of Plutarch's famous " moral works " devoted to the superiority of animal condition. Gelli takes up the latter notion illustrating it through a fully distinct work, in the form of a series of dialogues uttered on the island of Circe: Ulysses proposes to the animals to give them back their original human form but they obstinately refuse his offer. Machiavelli's poem was indeed a vengeful political fable – Gelli's " Circe " , as far as it is concerned, appears to be as a philosophical and humanistic lesson addressed by the author to his contemporaries. ; – Le poème inachevé de Machiavel, « L'Âne d'or », entrepris vers 1517, fut publié en 1549, la même année que « La Circé » de Giovan Battista Gelli. Inspiré du célèbre « Âne d'or » d'Apulée et de la « Divine Comédie » de Dante, ce texte, par lequel Machiavel entend se faire justicier de son époque, se termine sur la réécriture d'une célèbre « oeuvre morale » de Plutarque qui est un éloge de la supériorité de la condition animale. Gelli reprend cette dernière idée et lui consacre une oeuvre à part entière, sous la forme d'une série de dialogues advenus sur l'île de Circé où les animaux à qui Ulysse propose de rendre leur forme humaine, refusent l'offre énergiquement. Tandis que le poème de Machiavel était une fable politique vengeresse, « La Circé » de Gelli apparaît comme une leçon de philosophie et d'humanisme adressée par l'auteur à ses contemporains.

International audience ; Prix Nobel de littérature en 1997 pour avoir, « dans la tradition des jongleurs médiévaux » rendu leur dignité aux opprimés en tournant le pouvoir en dérision, Dario Fo et son épouse Franca Rame ont non seulement rempli leur fonction d'intellectuels en offrant un miroir déformant de notre société, mais, maniant le monologue satirique avec virtuosité, ils ont été les initiateurs du « théâtre de narration » qui a fait bien des émules en Italie et ailleurs. Des textes comme Mystère bouffe, Mort accidentelle d'un anarchiste, Faut pas payer !, Histoire du tigre, Johan Padan à la découverte des Amériques, ou les monologues par lesquels Franca Rame donne la parole aux femmes ont fait le tour du monde. Une carrière que l'on peut qualifier de picaresque, une exploration du passé à la lumière du présent, l'exhibition d'une culture populaire transgressive, la revendication d'un théâtre de contre-information, le tout agrémenté d'un comique déjanté assaisonné d'un joyeux brin de folie : tels sont les éléments qui jalonnent le parcours d'un couple d'auteurs-acteurs hors du commun.

International audience ; Après avoir effectué une rapide reconstitution de la très vaste légende d'Ulysse telle que la présentent par bribes les nombreuses sources antiques, grecques et latines, cet article entend brosser un parcours à travers les différentes réécritures dont Ulysse a été l'objet en Italie, depuis les romans de Troie médiévaux jusqu'aux dernières années du XXe siècle. Ainsi voyagera-t-on dans le temps, de Dante aux tragédies et opéras qui ont réactivé le personnage aux XVIIe-XIXe siècles, jusqu'aux résurgences poétiques puis romanesques des XIXe et XXe. Il apparaîtra ainsi que, contrairement à toute attente, le héros homérique, aujourd'hui si populaire a souvent joué un fort mauvais rôle, incarnant le "méchant", le fourbe par excellence, et que le chemin de la rédemption emprunté au XIXe siècle est en partie lié à des lectures romantiques et à une situation politique qui amène Italie et Grèce à fraterniser.

International audience ; Prix Nobel de littérature en 1997 pour avoir, « dans la tradition des jongleurs médiévaux » rendu leur dignité aux opprimés en tournant le pouvoir en dérision, Dario Fo et son épouse Franca Rame ont non seulement rempli leur fonction d'intellectuels en offrant un miroir déformant de notre société, mais, maniant le monologue satirique avec virtuosité, ils ont été les initiateurs du « théâtre de narration » qui a fait bien des émules en Italie et ailleurs. Des textes comme Mystère bouffe, Mort accidentelle d'un anarchiste, Faut pas payer !, Histoire du tigre, Johan Padan à la découverte des Amériques, ou les monologues par lesquels Franca Rame donne la parole aux femmes ont fait le tour du monde. Une carrière que l'on peut qualifier de picaresque, une exploration du passé à la lumière du présent, l'exhibition d'une culture populaire transgressive, la revendication d'un théâtre de contre-information, le tout agrémenté d'un comique déjanté assaisonné d'un joyeux brin de folie : tels sont les éléments qui jalonnent le parcours d'un couple d'auteurs-acteurs hors du commun.

International audience ; Après avoir effectué une rapide reconstitution de la très vaste légende d'Ulysse telle que la présentent par bribes les nombreuses sources antiques, grecques et latines, cet article entend brosser un parcours à travers les différentes réécritures dont Ulysse a été l'objet en Italie, depuis les romans de Troie médiévaux jusqu'aux dernières années du XXe siècle. Ainsi voyagera-t-on dans le temps, de Dante aux tragédies et opéras qui ont réactivé le personnage aux XVIIe-XIXe siècles, jusqu'aux résurgences poétiques puis romanesques des XIXe et XXe. Il apparaîtra ainsi que, contrairement à toute attente, le héros homérique, aujourd'hui si populaire a souvent joué un fort mauvais rôle, incarnant le "méchant", le fourbe par excellence, et que le chemin de la rédemption emprunté au XIXe siècle est en partie lié à des lectures romantiques et à une situation politique qui amène Italie et Grèce à fraterniser.