Suchergebnisse

International audience ; This paper describes the French initiative in materials research against both a national and an international background, in an attempt to disentangle the local circumstances, which prompted this governmental initiative, and to charac- terize the specific profile of materials research in France. In presenting a biography of the interdisciplinary program in materials research (PIRMAT), we argue that: i) the PIRMAT denotes a failure of the French science policy in materials research; ii) the leadership of the CNRS led to a specific style of research, quite different from the engineering approach of Materials Science and Engineering, and characteristic of a French style in materials research.

International audience ; This paper describes the French initiative in materials research against both a national and an international background, in an attempt to disentangle the local circumstances, which prompted this governmental initiative, and to charac- terize the specific profile of materials research in France. In presenting a biography of the interdisciplinary program in materials research (PIRMAT), we argue that: i) the PIRMAT denotes a failure of the French science policy in materials research; ii) the leadership of the CNRS led to a specific style of research, quite different from the engineering approach of Materials Science and Engineering, and characteristic of a French style in materials research.

International audience ; This paper describes the French initiative in materials research against both a national and an international background, in an attempt to disentangle the local circumstances, which prompted this governmental initiative, and to charac- terize the specific profile of materials research in France. In presenting a biography of the interdisciplinary program in materials research (PIRMAT), we argue that: i) the PIRMAT denotes a failure of the French science policy in materials research; ii) the leadership of the CNRS led to a specific style of research, quite different from the engineering approach of Materials Science and Engineering, and characteristic of a French style in materials research.

International audience ; This paper describes the French initiative in materials research against both a national and an international background, in an attempt to disentangle the local circumstances, which prompted this governmental initiative, and to charac- terize the specific profile of materials research in France. In presenting a biography of the interdisciplinary program in materials research (PIRMAT), we argue that: i) the PIRMAT denotes a failure of the French science policy in materials research; ii) the leadership of the CNRS led to a specific style of research, quite different from the engineering approach of Materials Science and Engineering, and characteristic of a French style in materials research.

International audience ; This paper describes the French initiative in materials research against both a national and an international background, in an attempt to disentangle the local circumstances, which prompted this governmental initiative, and to charac- terize the specific profile of materials research in France. In presenting a biography of the interdisciplinary program in materials research (PIRMAT), we argue that: i) the PIRMAT denotes a failure of the French science policy in materials research; ii) the leadership of the CNRS led to a specific style of research, quite different from the engineering approach of Materials Science and Engineering, and characteristic of a French style in materials research.

International audience ; This paper describes the French initiative in materials research against both a national and an international background, in an attempt to disentangle the local circumstances, which prompted this governmental initiative, and to charac- terize the specific profile of materials research in France. In presenting a biography of the interdisciplinary program in materials research (PIRMAT), we argue that: i) the PIRMAT denotes a failure of the French science policy in materials research; ii) the leadership of the CNRS led to a specific style of research, quite different from the engineering approach of Materials Science and Engineering, and characteristic of a French style in materials research.

International audience ; This paper describes the French initiative in materials research against both a national and an international background, in an attempt to disentangle the local circumstances, which prompted this governmental initiative, and to charac- terize the specific profile of materials research in France. In presenting a biography of the interdisciplinary program in materials research (PIRMAT), we argue that: i) the PIRMAT denotes a failure of the French science policy in materials research; ii) the leadership of the CNRS led to a specific style of research, quite different from the engineering approach of Materials Science and Engineering, and characteristic of a French style in materials research.

International audience ; This paper describes the French initiative in materials research against both a national and an international background, in an attempt to disentangle the local circumstances, which prompted this governmental initiative, and to charac- terize the specific profile of materials research in France. In presenting a biography of the interdisciplinary program in materials research (PIRMAT), we argue that: i) the PIRMAT denotes a failure of the French science policy in materials research; ii) the leadership of the CNRS led to a specific style of research, quite different from the engineering approach of Materials Science and Engineering, and characteristic of a French style in materials research.

The Fukushima disaster invites us to look back and probe how nuclear technology has shaped the world we live in, and how we have come to live with it. Since the first nuclear detonation (Trinity test) and the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, all in 1945, nuclear technology has profoundly affected world history and geopolitics, as well as our daily life and natural world. It has always been an instrument for national security, a marker of national sovereignty, a site of technological innovation and a promise of energy abundance. It has also introduced permanent pollution and the age of the Anthropocene. This volume presents a new perspective on nuclear history and politics by focusing on four interconnected themes–violence and survival; control and containment; normalizing through denial and presumptions; memories and futures–and exploring their relationships and consequences. It proposes an original reflection on nuclear technology from a long-term, comparative and transnational perspective. It brings together contributions from researchers from different disciplines (anthropology, history, STS) and countries (US, France, Japan) on a variety of local, national and transnational subjects. Finally, this book offers an important and valuable insight into other global and Anthropocene challenges such as climate change.

Intro -- Contents -- Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Is There a French Philosophy of Technology? General Introduction -- 1.1 We Have Never Been Philosophers of Technology -- 1.2 Technique and Technology -- 1.3 An Emerging Community -- References -- Part I: Negotiating a Cultural Heritage -- Chapter 2: Philosophy and Technology in the French Tradition. The Legacy of François Dagognet -- 2.1 Practices and Objects -- 2.2 A Historical Turn -- 2.3 Humans As Technicians -- 2.4 From Technologies to Fine Arts and Social Risks -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: On the Current Uses of Simondon's Philosophy of Technology -- 3.1 Techno-Sciences -- 3.2 Techno-Aesthetics -- 3.3 Techno-Politics -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Christianity and the Philosophy of Technology in France -- 4.1 Jacques Ellul's Theory of the Autonomy of "la Technique" -- 4.1.1 Ellul's Aspirations -- 4.1.2 Technique and Disincarnation -- 4.2 Technique and Spiritualization: Marie-Dominique Chenu and Emmanuel Mounier -- 4.2.1 You Said Incarnation? -- 4.2.2 The Spiritualizing Potential of Techniques -- 4.3 Technique and Desire in the Writings of Jean Brun -- 4.3.1 The Technological Spirit -- 4.3.2 From Fascination to Demythification -- 4.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 5: Rise of the Machines: Challenging Comte's Legacy with Mechanology, Cybernetics, and the Heuristic Values of Technology -- 5.1 Non-Comtean Insights at the IHST -- 5.2 The Inductive Value of Cybernetics in Postwar France -- 5.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: We Have Never Been Wild: Towards an Ecology of the Technical Milieu -- 6.1 Ecology of Nature, Ecology of Technology -- 6.1.1 Two Traditions? -- 6.1.2 Centrality of the Milieu -- 6.1.3 Ecology Against Nature? -- 6.2 From Technical Milieu to Political Ecology (1945-1970) -- 6.2.1 Milieu vs. Environment.