Suchergebnisse

The present work investigated the effects of soaking followed by heating on the metabolism of glucosinolates (GLs) in rocket seeds and sprouts. Soaking for 1 h increased myrosinases (MYR) activity of seeds. Heating at 70°C for 10 min after soaking resulted in the highest isothiocyanates (ITCs) formation in seeds. Both immerse-heating and steam-heating decreased the total GLs content in seeds and 2-day old sprouts. However, steam-heating showed minor effect on total GLs content when compared with immerse-heating. Both methods showed a decreased MYR activity in seeds and sprouts. Nevertheless, heating had a positive impact on ITCs formation. Under immerse-heating, ITCs formation was the highest in seeds and sprouts at 70°C heating. However, under steam-heating, ITCs formation in seeds and sprouts was higher at 70 and 60°C, respectively. The results indicated that steam-heating treatment was effective for improving ITCs formation in rocket seeds and 2-day old sprouts.

Objective: To estimate and compare age trends and the disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) of the population over 60 years old in 2018 in Jiangxi Province, China, by sex and urban–rural areas. Methods: The model life table was employed to estimate the age-specific mortality rate by sex and urban–rural areas, based on the Summary of Health Statistics of Jiangxi Province in 2018 and the Sixth National Health Service survey of Jiangxi Province. DFLE and its ratio to life expectancy (LE) were obtained by the Sullivan method. Results: In 2018, the DFLE among people over 60 is 17.157 years for men and is 19.055 years for women, accounting for 89.7% and 86.5% of their LE respectively. The DFLE/LE of men is higher than that of women at all ages. LE and DFLE are higher for the population in urban areas than in rural areas. For women, DFLE/LE is higher in urban areas than in rural areas (except at ages 75 and 80). Urban men have a higher DFLE/LE than rural men (except at age 85). The difference in DFLE between men and women over 60 years is 1.898 years, of which 2.260 years are attributable to the mortality rate, and 0.362 years are due to the disability-free prevalence. In addition, the difference in DFLE between urban–rural elderly over 60 years old is mostly attributed to the mortality rate by gender (male: 0.902/1.637; female: 0.893/1.454), but the impact of the disability-free rate cannot be ignored either (male: 0.735/1.637; female: 0.561/1.454). Conclusions: The increase in DFLE is accompanied by the increase in LE, but with increased age, DFLE/LE gradually decreases. With advancing age, the effect of disability on elderly people becomes more severe. The government administration must implement some preventive actions to improve health awareness and the life quality of the elderly. Rural elderly; rural women in particular, need to be paid more attention and acquire more health care.