Suchergebnisse

The principal concepts -- Well-being and self-validation -- Unemployment and retirement : role preference and other influences -- Environmental features and the vitamin analogy -- Money, security, position, supervision, outlook, and equity -- Variety, clarity, and social contact -- Combinations, measurement, causes, and work profiles -- Social and judgmental influences on happiness -- Personality, genes, and happiness -- Differences between groups and between people -- Moderator effects and differential salience -- Person-environment fit and work values -- Some consequences of happiness

The Philippines is one of many developing countries to have become actively committed to promoting the export of non-traditional manufactured goods and to have established export processing zones as a component of this effort. It is attempted to study the merits of this form of export promotion by focusing upon the largest and longest operating of the three existing zones in the Philippines, the Bataan EPZ. The aim is to draw lessons for the Philippines and other countries which are considering establishing new EPZs. (Economische Voorlichtingsdienst)

Thailand has recently experienced a prolonged economic boom followed by a collapse. During the boom the incidence of absolute poverty fell dramatically but relative inequality increased. The collapse of 1997 had the reverse effects. The poor initially became significantly worse off in an absolute sense but proportionately less so than the rich. Inequality thus declined. The significance of these events depends on a fundamental question: does the welfare of the poor depend on their absolute standard of living, as reflected in measures of poverty incidence, or on their position relative to the rich, as reflected in measures of inequality?

Studies on the economic impact of the Uruguay Round of the GATT have frequently suggested that all or almost all countries–developed and developing–will gain. In the present paper it is argued that the number of developing countries which lose from the Round may be much larger than is generally assumed. This issue is discussed in the context of Thailand and the Philippines, two countries generally considered to be so similar for trade analysis purposes that they are often grouped together as if their interests were the same. It is suggested here that Thailand is a net gainer from the Round and the Philippines a net loser.

The successful completion of the Uruguay Round of the GATT at the end of 1994 has been widely welcomed. The final agreement is highly complex and several studies have used formal economic models to explore the effects the Round may have on individual countries. These studies have generally reached optimistic conclusions. The developing countries of Southeast Asia have been considered to be among the largest net gainers in proportional terms, especially the net agricultural exporters. The author looks critically at these issues with special reference to Thailand and the Philippines. (DÜI-Sen)