Suchergebnisse

The establishment of Natura 2000, the European Union's network of protected areas, has been a challenging process and has caused a variety of conflicts.These conflicts are related to contradictory stakeholder interests and perceptions, as well as to procedural issues and feelings of exclusion, especially by concerned local land user groups. To prevent further conflict, local participation has been stressed as an important tool to increase the inclusiveness of Natura 2000 and its acceptance among land users. In this paper, we present an analysis of participation practices related to the Natura 2000 implementation processes in six EU member states.Based on material collected from semi-structured interviews and document analysis, we describe the organisational settings of the participatory processes, focusing, among other things, on the type of participants involved, the level and intensity of their involvement, and the goal of participation. In addition, we also describe the local context in which the participation processes have been embedded. Finally, we assess the outcomes of the participatory processes in terms of their impact on forest and nature conservation management practicesOur results show that local participation practices were shaped not just by the Natura 2000 policy, but also by the history of the area, including, for example, earlier conflicts among the local actors. We also show that although the participation process leads to a greater acceptance of the Natura 2000 policy, this does not relate to significant changes in management practices among local actors. These findings, however, do not suggest that participation is irrelevant. Rather, we conclude that participation involves context-dependent, localised learning processes that can only be understood by taking the historical socio-economic and institutional context in which they are situated into account.

National audience ; The BiodivERsA-funded BeFoFu project has investigated both ecological challenges related to management of protected forests and governance challenges related to the implementation of Natura 2000. This Policy Brief describes these socio-ecological challenges, presents key research results, and outlines policy solution pathways towards improving the effectiveness of Natura 2000 with regards to the conservation and sustainable management of Europe's forests. ; Le projet BeFoFu, financé par BiodivERsA, avait pour objet d'étudier à la fois les défis écologiques liés à la gestion des forêts protégées et les défis en matière de gouvernance liés à la mise en oeuvre de Natura 2000. La présente note d'orientation décrit ces défis socioécologiques, présente les principaux résultats de cette recherche et, enfin, suggère plusieurs voies pouvant conduire à une politique capable de répondre à ces défis et ainsi améliorer l'efficacité de Natura 2000 en matière de conservation et de gestion durable des forêts européennes.

National audience ; The BiodivERsA-funded BeFoFu project has investigated both ecological challenges related to management of protected forests and governance challenges related to the implementation of Natura 2000. This Policy Brief describes these socio-ecological challenges, presents key research results, and outlines policy solution pathways towards improving the effectiveness of Natura 2000 with regards to the conservation and sustainable management of Europe's forests. ; Le projet BeFoFu, financé par BiodivERsA, avait pour objet d'étudier à la fois les défis écologiques liés à la gestion des forêts protégées et les défis en matière de gouvernance liés à la mise en oeuvre de Natura 2000. La présente note d'orientation décrit ces défis socioécologiques, présente les principaux résultats de cette recherche et, enfin, suggère plusieurs voies pouvant conduire à une politique capable de répondre à ces défis et ainsi améliorer l'efficacité de Natura 2000 en matière de conservation et de gestion durable des forêts européennes.

The BiodivERsA-funded BeFoFu project has investigated both ecological challenges related to management of protected forests and governance challenges related to the implementation of Natura 2000. This Policy Brief describes these socio-ecological challenges, presents key research results, and outlines policy solution pathways towards improving the effectiveness of Natura 2000 with regards to the conservation and sustainable management of Europe's forests. ; National audience Le projet BeFoFu, financé par BiodivERsA, avait pour objet d'étudier à la fois les défis écologiques liés à la gestion des forêts protégées et les défis en matière de gouvernance liés à la mise en oeuvre de Natura 2000. La présente note d'orientation décrit ces défis socioécologiques, présente les principaux résultats de cette recherche et, enfin, suggère plusieurs voies pouvant conduire à une politique capable de répondre à ces défis et ainsi améliorer l'efficacité de Natura 2000 en matière de conservation et de gestion durable des forêts européennes.

The BiodivERsA-funded BeFoFu project has investigated both ecological challenges related to management of protected forests and governance challenges related to the implementation of Natura 2000. This Policy Brief describes these socio-ecological challenges, presents key research results, and outlines policy solution pathways towards improving the effectiveness of Natura 2000 with regards to the conservation and sustainable management of Europe's forests. ; Le projet BeFoFu, financé par BiodivERsA, avait pour objet d'étudier à la fois les défis écologiques liés à la gestion des forêts protégées et les défis en matière de gouvernance liés à la mise en oeuvre de Natura 2000. La présente note d'orientation décrit ces défis socioécologiques, présente les principaux résultats de cette recherche et, enfin, suggère plusieurs voies pouvant conduire à une politique capable de répondre à ces défis et ainsi améliorer l'efficacité de Natura 2000 en matière de conservation et de gestion durable des forêts européennes.

In the last two decades, attention on forests and ownership rights has increased in different domains of international policy, particularly in relation to achieving the global sustainable development goals. This paper looks at the changes in forest-specific legislation applicable to regular productive forests, across 28 European countries. We compare the legal framework applicable in the mid-1990s with that applicable in 2015, using the Property Rights Index in Forestry (PRIF) to measure changes across time and space. The paper shows that forest owners in most western European countries already had high decision-making power in the mid-1990s, following deregulation trends from the 1980s ; and for the next two decades, distribution of rights remained largely stable. For these countries, the content and direction of changes indicate that the main pressure on forest-focused legislation comes from environmental discourses (e.g. biodiversity and climate change policies). In contrast, former socialist countries in the mid-1990s gave lower decision-making powers to forest owners than in any of the Western Europe countries ; over the next 20 years these show remarkable changes in management, exclusion and withdrawal rights. As a result of these changes, there is no longer a clear line between western and former socialist countries with respect to the national governance systems used to address private forest ownership. Nevertheless, with the exception of Baltic countries which have moved towards the western forest governance system, most of the former socialist countries still maintain a state-centred approach in private forest management. Overall, most of the changes we identified in the last two decades across Europe were recorded in the categories of management rights and exclusion rights. These changes reflect the general trend in European forest policies to expand and reinforce the landowners% individual rights, while preserving minimal rights for other categories of forest users ; and to promote the use of financial instruments when targeting policy goals related to the environmental discourse.

This report demonstrates the application of recreational scores, obtained through a pan-European Delphi survey as part of EFORWOOD, to model the impacts of changes in forest management on the recreational value of European forests. Changes in the level of implementation of the Natura 2000 policy is used as an example. Currently, about 8% of the EU forest area is allocated to biodiversity conservation (MCPFE class 1; MCPFE 2007). According to the Natura 2000 Agenda, 15% of the territory of the EU should be designated as conservation area by 2025. It is to be expected, therefore, that the forest conservation area will increase considerably in the near future. The impact of different nature conservation implementation levels on the recreational value of forests in Europe was explored using recreational scores derived from the Delphi survey, and combined with outputs from the forest scenario model EFISCEN. Changes in recreational value were considered against two background futures (A1 and B2 from the SRES scenarios) and three different nature conservation implementation levels. The results suggest that overall an increase in forest area managed for conservation would cause a slight net increase the recreational value per hectare of forests in Europe, although there is considerable variation between countries.

This report demonstrates the application of recreational scores, obtained through a pan-European Delphi survey as part of EFORWOOD, to model the impacts of changes in forest management on the recreational value of European forests. Changes in the level of implementation of the Natura 2000 policy is used as an example. Currently, about 8% of the EU forest area is allocated to biodiversity conservation (MCPFE class 1; MCPFE 2007). According to the Natura 2000 Agenda, 15% of the territory of the EU should be designated as conservation area by 2025. It is to be expected, therefore, that the forest conservation area will increase considerably in the near future. The impact of different nature conservation implementation levels on the recreational value of forests in Europe was explored using recreational scores derived from the Delphi survey, and combined with outputs from the forest scenario model EFISCEN. Changes in recreational value were considered against two background futures (A1 and B2 from the SRES scenarios) and three different nature conservation implementation levels. The results suggest that overall an increase in forest area managed for conservation would cause a slight net increase the recreational value per hectare of forests in Europe, although there is considerable variation between countries.

In the last two decades, attention on forests and ownership rights has increased in different domains of international policy, particularly in relation to achieving the global sustainable development goals. This paper looks at the changes in forest-specific legislation applicable to regular productive forests, across 28 European countries. We compare the legal framework applicable in the mid-1990s with that applicable in 2015, using the Property Rights Index in Forestry (PRIF) to measure changes across time and space. The paper shows that forest owners in most western European countries already had high decision-making power in the mid-1990s, following deregulation trends from the 1980s; and for the next two decades, distribution of rights remained largely stable. For these countries, the content and direction of changes indicate that the main pressure on forest-focused legislation comes from environmental discourses (e.g. biodiversity and climate change policies). In contrast, former socialist countries in the mid-1990s gave lower decision-making powers to forest owners than in any of the Western Europe countries; over the next 20 years these show remarkable changes in management, exclusion and withdrawal rights. As a result of these changes, there is no longer a clear line between western and former socialist countries with respect to the national governance systems used to address private forest ownership. Nevertheless, with the exception of Baltic countries which have moved towards the western forest governance system, most of the former socialist countries still maintain a state-centred approach in private forest management. Overall, most of the changes we identified in the last two decades across Europe were recorded in the categories of management rights and exclusion rights. These changes reflect the general trend in European forest policies to expand and reinforce the landowners' individual rights, while preserving minimal rights for other categories of forest users; and to promote the use of financial instruments when targeting policy goals related to the environmental discourse.

In the last two decades, attention on forests and ownership rights has increased in different domains of international policy, particularly in relation to achieving the global sustainable development goals. This paper looks at the changes in forest-specific legislation applicable to regular productive forests, across 28 European countries. We compare the legal framework applicable in the mid-1990s with that applicable in 2015, using the Property Rights Index in Forestry (PRIF) to measure changes across time and space. The paper shows that forest owners in most western European countries already had high decision-making power in the mid-1990s, following deregulation trends from the 1980s; and for the next two decades, distribution of rights remained largely stable. For these countries, the content and direction of changes indicate that the main pressure on forest-focused legislation comes from environmental discourses (e.g. biodiversity and climate change policies). In contrast, former socialist countries in the mid-1990s gave lower decision-making powers to forest owners than in any of the Western Europe countries; over the next 20 years these show remarkable changes in management, exclusion and withdrawal rights. As a result of these changes, there is no longer a clear line between western and former socialist countries with respect to the national governance systems used to address private forest ownership. Nevertheless, with the exception of Baltic countries which have moved towards the western forest governance system, most of the former socialist countries still maintain a state-centred approach in private forest management. Overall, most of the changes we identified in the last two decades across Europe were recorded in the categories of management rights and exclusion rights. These changes reflect the general trend in European forest policies to expand and reinforce the landowners' individual rights, while preserving minimal rights for other categories of forest users; and to promote the use of financial instruments when targeting policy goals related to the environmental discourse.