Suchergebnisse

A hyperspectral image (HSI) contains fine and rich spectral information and spatial information of ground objects, which has great potential in applications. It is also widely used in precision agriculture, marine monitoring, military reconnaissance and many other fields. In recent years, a convolutional neural network (CNN) has been successfully used in HSI classification and has provided it with outstanding capacity for improving classification effects. To get rid of the bondage of strong correlation among bands for HSI classification, an effective CNN architecture is proposed for HSI classification in this work. The proposed CNN architecture has several distinct advantages. First, each 1D spectral vector that corresponds to a pixel in an HSI is transformed into a 2D spectral feature matrix, thereby emphasizing the difference among samples. In addition, this architecture can not only weaken the influence of strong correlation among bands on classification, but can also fully utilize the spectral information of hyperspectral data. Furthermore, a 1 × ; 1 convolutional layer is adopted to better deal with HSI information. All the convolutional layers in the proposed CNN architecture are composed of small convolutional kernels. Moreover, cascaded composite layers of the architecture consist of 1 × ; 1 and 3 × ; 3 convolutional layers. The inputs and outputs of each composite layer are stitched as the inputs of the next composite layer, thereby accomplishing feature reuse. This special module with joint alternate small convolution and feature reuse can extract high-level features from hyperspectral data meticulously and comprehensively solve the overfitting problem to an extent, in order to obtain a considerable classification effect. Finally, global average pooling is used to replace the traditional fully connected layer to reduce the model parameters and extract high-dimensional features from the hyperspectral data at the end of the architecture. Experimental results on three benchmark HSI datasets show the high classification accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.

China's economic emergence : possible lessons for large developing nations / David Daokui Li -- History, politics and 30 years of development and reform / Dwight Perkins -- Chinese reforms in historical and comparative perspective / Prasenjit Duara -- Thirty years of Chinese reform and economic growth : challenges and how it has changed world development / Ross Garnaut -- Economic growth and income inequality in China over 30 years of reforms / Shujie Yao -- Policy reforms of labor mobility and urbanization in transition China / Fang Cai -- Market integration across regions / Mary-Francoise Renard -- The evolution of Chinese entrepreneurial firms : township-village enterprises revisited / Chenggang Xu and Xiaobo Zhang -- The relationship between law and economic growth in China / Linda Yueh -- Thirty years of catch-up in China : a comparison with Korea / Kuen Lee -- China's income inequality at the provincial level : trends, drivers, and impacts / Tun Lin, Juzhong Zhuang, and Damaris Yarcia -- The great transformation : the double movement in China / Shaoguang Wang -- The disinterested government : an interpretation of China's economic growth / Yang Yao -- Is China's development success transferable? / Thomas Rawski -- China's contribution to the field of economics : a laboratory for induced institutional change / Gary Jefferson.

Vegetated buffer zones (VBZ) are accepted worldwide as a low impact method to avoid non-point source pollution and restore the balance of river ecosystems. Strongly influenced by industrialization and urbanization, urban river ecology is seriously damaged, and restoration is tricky. This study established a complete buffer zone construction framework suitable for the small urban watershed, and its feasibility is verified in a small watershed in Northern China. First, common plants in the study area were selected to test their ability to purify pollutants, and plant combinations were optimized. Secondly, according to the field investigation, the reference buffer zone was determined, and its sewage interception capacity was tested through a runoff simulation experiment. Then, based on GIS and Phillips time and hydraulic models, the normal buffer width of the study area was obtained ; 60 m for mainstream and 40 m for tributaries. By optimizing the vegetation scheme and delimiting an efficient buffer zone, the land occupation can be reduced by 17%. Finally, combined with the characteristics of different river sections, an elaborate VBZ restoration scheme is designed from the aspects of vegetation, planning, and zoning. Generally, this research will provide government and land managers scientific and practical ideas and technologies to formulate a land management policy for urban river buffer zones in order to find a balance between aquatic ecological protection and urban land use planning and optimize the allocation of construction funds.

Preliminary -- Tables, figures and boxes -- Abbreviations -- Preface -- A summary overview of emerging private enterprise in China -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Development of the role of private enterprise in China -- 3. Descriptions of the sample enterprises -- 4. Market competition -- 5. Finance -- 6. Taxation -- 7. Internal governance -- 8. Labour and managerialskills -- 9. Technological challenges -- 10. Laws and government administrative regulations -- References -- Index.