Suchergebnisse

The objectives of this research were to compare technical efficiency of beef cattle business operating in lowland and upland areas of East Java and to identify and analyze factors affecting the technical efficiency as well as inefficiency of that business. A survey was conducted to 89 farmers in the lowland area of Probolinggo District and 97 farmers in the upland areas of Malang Districts during the period of February-March 2013. Results of stochastic frontier production function with MLE method showed that the average technical efficiency in lowland area was higher (80%) compared to that in upland area (64%). The results indicated that beef cattle production was highly significant and positively influenced by total of grasses and forages, rice straw, feed supplements, stock of cattle, labor time allocation and service per conception. However, location of the business, whether in lowland and upland areas was a significant factor that could increase the efficiency. Some factors that could significantly reduce the technical inefficiency of beef cattle business were: labor force in family, education level, proportion of beef cattle income to total household income, age of cattle sold, cattle health examination, ownership status of the cattle, and gender. Therefore, (1) the existing farmers group should be improved their role to facilitate trading of cattle feed, and (2) the government should facilitate the farmers in the provision of funding tu buy beef cattle with a subsidized interest rate, so the farmers will be more enthusiast in taking care of their cattle, thus could improve their production efficiency.

This study aimed to analyze the potential for cattle business development in Indramayu Regency. The research locations selected using purposive sampling method were based on the following criteria: (1) Indramayu Regency is the 2nd largest rice producers in the Province of West Java, (2) The area covers 2,099.42 km2 based on secondary data obtained from BPS Indramayu Regency in numbers and (3) The area of agricultural land is still larger than the area of resident housing. The data analysis method used the carrying capacity index (IDD) and Location Question (LQ) analysis formulas. The data were processed and explained descriptively. The results of this study resulted in carrying capacity values consisting of 3 patterns, namely the highest carrying capacity value > 20,000 AU (Gantar and Terisi). Medium carrying capacity value > 10,000 AU (Cikedung and Gabuswetan). Low value carrying capacity 5.000-10.000 AU (Haurgelis, Suyeg, Juntiyuat, Bongdua, Kertasemaya, Patrol, Kedokanbunder and Sindang). The results of the analysis of IDD > 2 there are 12 sub-districts, meaning that based on the availability of forage feed from agricultural land, it is included in the safe category to increase the population of beef cattle. The potential for beef cattle development in Indramayu Regency needs to be prioritized in 12 sub-districts with LQ > 1 and IDD > 2 accompanied by government policies to support investment in livestock marketing facilities and infrastructure for smallholders.

Small farmers represent a majority of the European Union (EU) farming sector and are considered the cornerstone of both the current and future sustainable EU agriculture. The dynamic complexity of livestock systems hinders the understanding of its behaviour, as well as recognizing the causes of problems and sources of resistance to applied policies and strategies. Livestock system behaviour needs to be understood in order to find leverage points and identify efficient solutions. The presented study depicts issues of small-scale beef cattle farmers in the market environment from a systemic perspective. The common complexity of managing a company increases with biological processes characterized by very long time periods, especially in the case of beef cattle farming. The scenarios analysed by the computer simulation model presented in the study evaluate the benefits of basic diversification into meat processing and a farm-to-table approach. The direct contact of the farmer with the final consumers represents increased demand and requirements on farmers&rsquo ; entrepreneurship ; nevertheless, such a strategy is a significant growth driver that allows faster maximisation of the farm&rsquo ; s output, accelerates the return of the investments, strengthens the market position of the farmer, and increases the farm&rsquo ; s sustainability.

The Province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) had been one of the major beef cattle suppliers under traditional management system in Indonesia. The beef cattle farming that based on grazing native pasture and the introduction of shrub legumes (Leucaena leucocephala) may contribute to around 15 – 50% of the farmers' household income. In the last few years, supply of beef cattle tended to decline due to the decrease in cattle population in NTT. Some basic improvements in management and feeding toward increasing beef cattle productivities had been carried out in Nusa Tenggara, such as a baseline survey on Cattle Health and Productivity Survey (CHAPS) conducted in 1990 – 1992. The objective of the program was to identify the existing beef cattle productivity and health condition throughout Nusa Tenggara. A collaborative research with the Ministry of Research and Technology (Integrated Prime Research) had also been carried out and the result showed that early weaning in Bali calves that can be practised as early as 3 – 6 months to prevent calves losses during the dry season. A program of the Assessment on Beef Cattle Base Farming Activities had also been conducted to improve fattening and breeding practices through the improvement in beef cattle management and feeding systems. At the latest development, fattening scheme has been introduced under a partnership approach involving private sectors and cooperatives. This needs to be facilitated by the government to accelerate the program such as access to capital and intensive extension services to build farmers awareness toward profit oriented beef cattle farming. Optimalization of the available potential resources and technology in NTT, will be an opportunity to enhance beef cattle production and gains back the reputation as one of the major producing beef cattle in the past. This will also support the national livestock program nowadays, called Beef Cattle Self Sufficiency Program 2014. Key words: Beef cattle, productivity, technology, East Nusa Tenggara

This study evaluates the production behavior and prices in the beef cattle industry in the Brazilian Amazon. We used time series data obtained from various sources and employed multiple regression and polynomial regression analysis. For the price analysis, we used the classical time series model and separated the seasonal and cyclic indices based on the 12-month centered moving average. The analyses covered the period from 1990 to 2015, when the regional cattle population grew at a rate of 5% per year, compared to the national growth rate of 1.7%. The price analysis reveals the existence of cycles in regional cattle ranching, defined mainly by an inverse correlation between the price of fattened cattle and the slaughter of matrices. As for the variables determining the growth of the cattle population, we find that rural credit policy assumes an important role in enabling the supply of resources for financing livestock projects that are more popular than investments in agriculture. The creation and structuring of state agricultural defense agencies in the late 1990s represents an important measure in the institutional sphere, as the implementation of animal health policies and programs has generated a favorable environment for the expansion of investments in meat production and processing, in addition to opening up opportunities for trade in the domestic and international markets.

This study assesses the competitiveness and comparative advantage of the major beef cattle production systems in Nigeria, using the policy analysis matrix (PAM) on a sample of 339 farmers. Results of the PAM revealed that all the production systems are competitive, given their level of technology, input and output prices. The financial cost benefit ratio (FCBR) of less than one revealed that financial profit (FP) was maintained in all the production systems; however, the ranching system was the most competitive in terms of FP as well as the FCBR, which was found to be 0.064. Social profitability (SP), domestic resource cost (DRC) and social cost benefit ratio (SCBR) of less than one also suggest that Nigeria has comparative advantage in producing beef cattle within the three production systems. Sensitivity analyses showed that a 20 percent increase in freight on board (FOB) and a 20 percent depreciation of the domestic currency will increase competitiveness and comparative advantage of beef cattle production in all the production systems. The study recommends that government should ensure a level of policy stability in the beef cattle sector and also encourage the ranching system when production is targeted at improving national income.

Beef production is widespread all over the world but the legislation regarding welfare area of beef cattle is not specifically addressed and fully implemented. Beef cattle welfare assurance affects not only animals but is also a question of ethics and products quality. Today, it is possible to determine welfare quality state in feedlots through relevant methodology such is Welfare Quality®Assessment Protocol applied to fattening cattle. It enables implementation of improvement strategy regarding identified risks and causes of poor welfare. Different literature sources, based on welfare risk assessment, indicate major welfare problems in cattle kept for beef production. According to them, respiratory diseases are usually linked to overstocking, inadequate ventilation, mixing of animals and failure of early diagnosis and treatment. In addition, digestive disorders are associated with intensive concentrate feeding, lack of physically effective fiber in the diet whilst behavioral disorders comes as a consequence of inadequate floor space, and commingling in the feedlot. Particular welfare problems are related to the implementation of animal husbandry methods mutilation, which expose animals to pain and suffering. This paper gives a review of most important beef cattle welfare topics including recommendations for its assurance and improvement. ; Proizvodnja junećeg mesa je široko rasprostranjena u svetu ali je zakonodavstvo koje se odnosi na oblast zaštite dobrobiti tovnih goveda još uvek nedovoljno specifično i ne primenjuje se u potpunosti. Obezbeđenje dobrobiti tovnih goveda od značaja je samim životinjama, a istovremeno je i pitanje etike i kvaliteta proizvoda. Danas je moguće utvrditi stanje kvaliteta dobrobiti u tovilištima putem pouzdane metodologije kao što je Protokol za ocenu kvaliteta dobrobiti tovne junadi. On omogućava primenu strategija unapređenja dobrobiti na farmama u odnosu na utvrđene rizike i uzroke loše dobrobiti. Različiti literaturni izvori, zasnovani na metodi ocene rizika, ukazuju na ključne probleme dobrobiti tovne junadi. Respiratorne bolesti obično su u vezi sa prenaseljenim objektima, neodgovarajućom ventilacijom, mešanjem životinja i neblagovremenom dijagnostikom i lečenjem obolelih životinja. Oboljenja digestivnog sistema nastaju kao posledica intenzivne ishrane koncentrovanim hranivima, u nedostatku vlaknastih hraniva. Neodgovarajuci podovi u objektima, mešanje životinja iz različitih grupa/uzrasta i loš postupak odgajivača dovode do poremećaja ponašanja i socijalnog stresa. Posebni problemi dobrobiti odnose se na primenu zootehničkih metoda-mutilacija, kojima se životinje izlažu bolu i patnji.

We report here the draft genome sequence of an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia species isolated from rectal feces collected from beef cattle in northern Spain. Analysis of the draft genome identified the strain as a member of the newly described species Escherichia marmotae. © 2020 Ocejo et al. ; This work was funded by the Basque Government (Departamento de Desarrollo Económico e Infraestructuras, Ekonomiaren Garapen eta Lehiakortasun Saila, Eusko Jaurlaritza). M.T. is the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Basque Government.

The aims of research were to identify and analyze potential agricultural waste used as feed, examines the characteristics of beef cattle ranchers and estimate the ability of the addition of beef cattle population in Kuningan Regency. The primary data were taken from interviews with 30 respondents beef cattle farmers selected by purposive sampling in three districts based on the largest beef cattle population as a recommendation by local government of Kuningan Regency Agricultural. Waste samples taken randomly three times to analyze of nutrient composition by proksimat analyze was the type of the most widely used for feed. Secondary data was obtained from Kuningan Regency Veterinary Office, Department of Food Crops and the Central Statistics Agency. The results showed that the type of agricultural waste used in Kuningan Regency from highest to lowest production is rice straw, hay sweet potatoes, peanuts and hay with traditional animal husbandry systems. Districts that can improve beef cattle population from the highest to lowest number was Luragung, Cibingbin, Ciwaru, Subang, Maleber, Cibeureum, Cilebak, Karangkancana and Cimahi. In conclusion, the highest agricultural waste production was rice straw and the highest potential for the development of beef cattle in the Kuningan Regency was Luragung District.