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Conflict, sadly, is part of our everyday life; experienced at home, in the workplace, on our TV screens. But is it an inevitable part of the fabric of our existence? In this volume, eight experts examine conflict at many levels, from the workings of genes to the evolution of galaxies. Evolutionary biologist David Haig examines why we disagree with ourselves, and psychologist Simon Baron-Cohen asks whether differences between the average male and female mind must necessarily lead to misunderstanding. Anthropologist Richard Wrangham explores why chimpanzees and humans have evolved to kill, while archaeologist Barry Cunliffe examines the roots of warfare. Political scientist Lisa Anderson analyses conflict in the Middle East, and broadcaster Kate Adie reflects on television reporting of war. The book concludes with industrial economist William Brown's discussion of conflict in labour relations, and an exploration of the creative and destructive effects of cosmic violence by physicist P. C. W. Davies

SOCIAL CONFLICTS ARE THE MOTOR OF THE POLITICAL PROCESS AND POINT TO A DESIRE OR STRUGGLE FOR SOCIAL CHANGES. THESE CHANGES ARE SUBSEQUENTLY REALIZED IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS, AND THE RESULTS LAID DOWN IN LAW. DISPROPORTIONAL POSITIONAL CHANGES OF ACTORS WITHIN A SOCIAL SYSTEM BRING ABOUT CONFLICTS.

Conflict in primate society / S.L. Washburn -- Resolution of social conflict in animals and man / M.R.A. Chance -- Role of conflict in human evolution -- Conflict, dominance and exploitation in human systems of social segregation : some theoretical perspectives from the study of personality in culture / George De Vos -- Intra-personal conflict and the authoritarian character / H.V. Dicks -- The authoritarian character in war -- Conflict in formal organizations / J.A.A. van Doorn -- Patterns of conflict in social groups -- Conflict in cities / Ruth Glass -- Role of cities in social unrest -- Nationalism as a source of aggression / Z. Barbu -- Internal conflict and overt aggression -- Conflict and leadership : the process of decision and the nature of authority / Harold D. Lasswell -- Objective appraisal of conflict -- Conflict management as a learning process / K.E. Boulding -- Regulation of conflict -- Models of conflict : cataclysmic and strategic / Anatol Rapoport -- Strategic thinking and state interests -- Power and communication in international society / Karl W. Deutsch -- Compliance in modern society -- The role of law in conflict resolution / B.V.A. Röling -- External and internal sources of international tension / Karol Lapter -- Conflict as a function of change / J.W. Burton -- International aspects of conflict.

Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Acronyms -- Introduction: The Resolution of African Conflicts -- 1: The Role of Sub-Regional Integration Schemes in Conflict Prevention & Management in Africa -- 2: Conflict Resolution in Africa -- 3: The Continental Early Warning System of the African Union -- 4: The International Criminal Court & the Lord's Resistance Army Insurgency in Northern Uganda -- 5: How to Make Democracy Work? -- 6: Local Government & the Management of Conflict in Fragmented Societies -- 7: Managing the Process of Conflict Resolutionin the Sudan -- 8: Elections & Conflict in Southern Africa -- 9: The Somali Peace Processfrom Arta to Eldoret to Mbagathi -- 10: Peace & War in Post-Conflict Mozambique -- 11: Post-1990 Constitutional Reforms in Africa -- Index.

'Kulturelle Unterschiede werden immer häufiger für Krisen, Konflikte und Kriege verantwortlich gemacht. Die dazugehörigen Erklärungsschemata weisen stets darauf hin, dass kulturelle und religiöse Differenzen die Hauptursache für Auseinandersetzungen sind. Dies schürt weltweit das Misstrauen gegenüber allem Fremden, produziert Angst, Wut und Ohnmacht. Um einerseits verschiedene Kulturen als Chance und nicht als Risiko zu begreifen und andererseits Misstrauen und Ohnmachtsgefühlen entgegenzuwirken, werden in diesem Artikel verschiedene Definitionen von und Theorien über Kultur vorgestellt. Dadurch soll die Substanz kultureller Konfliktpotenziale sichtbar gemacht werden, damit kulturelle Differenzen nicht mehr als gegeben und unveränderbar gelten. In diesem Zusammenhang wird argumentiert, dass die Beteiligten selbst aktiv Mitverantwortung bei einer interkulturellen Konfliktbehandlung oder bei der Gestaltung gemeinsamer Werte im Begegnungsraum der Kulturen übernehmen.' (Autorenreferat)

"The literature dealing systematically with the connections between change and conflict is hardly extensive, and that directly dealing with precise relationships between change and conflict resolution is even sparser. In a way, this is surprising - for many writers make implicit, and in some cases explicit, connections between some form of change and the formation of conflicts, while others discuss conflict 'dynamics' as well as those changes that are needed before any kind of resolution of a conflict can realistically be sought. A recent and completely unsystematic search of one university's modest library revealed over 420 entries combining the words 'change' and 'conflict' in their title, while a similar search of a data bank of dissertation abstracts produced over 3,500 such citations. Nonetheless, there seem to be few works that focus in general terms on connections between the two concepts, or on the process of conflict resolution as a phenomenon involving change from the relationship of enemies or adversaries into something else. This chapter endeavors to make some contribution to filling this gap in the literature by discussing the relationship between 'change' and 'conflict' in very general terms, rather than focusing on particular changes that have either created conflict between particular communities, societies and countries, or changes that have led towards a resolution of any specific conflict which has protracted and become violent. It can be considered, therefore, as a small contribution to the development of a general theory of change and conflict - or, more particularly, conflict resolution. An understanding of the dynamics of conflict formation and perpetuation should have implications for methods of resolving (or at least coping with) even the most intractable of conflict relationships. As such, the chapter may be a starting point for the development of a set of theories of conflict dynamics as well as a practical set of guidelines concerning modes and timing of 'resolutionary' interventions." (excerpt)

Narrative/s in Conflict presents the proceedings of an international workshop, held at the Trinity Long Room Hub Dublin in 2013, to a wider audience. This was a cross-disciplinary cooperation between the comparative research network 'Broken Narratives' (University of Vienna), the research strand 'Identities in Transformation' (Trinity College Dublin) and the Graduate Center for the Study of Culture at the University of Giessen. What has brought this informal network together is its credo that theories of narrative should be regarded as an integral part of cultural analysis. Choosing exemplary case studies from early Habsburg days up to the the wars and genocides of the 20th century and the post-9/11 'War on terror', our volume tries to analyze the relation between representation and conflict, i.e. between narrative constructions, social/historical processes, and cultural agon. Here it is crucial to state that narratives do not simply and passively 'mirror' conflicts as the conventional 'realistic' paradigm suggests; they rather provide a symbolic, sense-making matrix, and even a performative dimension. It even can be said that in many cases, narratives make conflicts.