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Introduction: why this book? -- Feminism and the history of philosophy -- Feminist epistemologies -- Feminist ethics of conflict -- Transnational feminism

Chapter Introduction -- Third-wave politics -- chapter 1 Feminist epistemologies -- The emergence of feminist epistemology -- chapter 2 Lacanian epistemologies -- Should feminists know better than to read Lacan? -- chapter 3 Knowing subjects -- chapter 4 Feminist discourses -- Discursive stakes -- chapter 5 Feminism's time.

Abstract
In this paper I make the case for a feminist hinge epistemology in three steps. My first step is to explain hinge epistemologies as contemporary epistemologies that take Wittgenstein's work in On Certainty as their starting point. My second step is to make three criticisms of this literature as it currently stands. My third step is to introduce feminist epistemologies, which argue that social factors like race and gender affect what different people and groups justifiably believe, and argue that developing a feminist hinge epistemology is both plausible (because of important similarities between the two kinds of views) and desirable (because feminist epistemologies have resources which can help hinge epistemologies to avoid the three problems that I have raised).

I argue that Nelson's feminist transformation of empiricism provides the basis of a dialogue across three currently competing feminist epistemologies: feminist empiricism, feminist standpoint theories, and postmodern feminism, a dialogue that will result in a dissolution of the apparent tensions between these epistemologies and provide an epistemology with the openness and fluidity needed to embrace the concerns of feminists.

Esta pesquisa aborda a relação entre histórias em quadrinhos, epistemologias feministas e Ciência da Informação, com foco na organização do conhecimento e na produção de quadrinistas femininas. As histórias em quadrinhos são objetos informacionais que mesclam elementos visuais e verbais, transmitindo narrativas, simbolismos e temas culturais. A relação entre gênero, mulheres e ciência se estende às histórias em quadrinhos, onde se questiona o conhecimento objetivo e se valorizam perspectivas femininas. Quadrinhos podem fomentar representação diversificada e abordar questões sociais através de Epistemologias Feministas. Estas, no campo da Ciência da Informação, refletem sobre produção, organização e circulação de informações, desafiando vieses androcêntricos. Deste modo, o estudo propõe como objetivo geral a inter-relação entre histórias em quadrinhos e epistemologias feministas, no que tange à organização do conhecimento, destacando a produção de quadrinistas brasileiras. Metodologicamente se constitui de uma abordagem qualitativa, de cunho teórico e fundamentada na pesquisa bibliográfica. Nos resultados discute-se o reconhecimento recente das contribuições de mulheres cartunistas e artistas de quadrinhos, apesar de muitas produções ocidentais reforçarem estereótipos masculinos, refletindo hierarquias de gênero. A representação masculina e feminina nos quadrinhos espelha construções históricas de identidade e valores. Nesse sentido, as epistemologias feministas desafiam representações tradicionais e promovem mudanças sociais. Essa abordagem empodera vozes femininas, questionando estruturas hierárquicas. Conclui-se que o estudo contribui para uma compreensão mais profunda das representações de gênero nas histórias em quadrinhos, promovendo inclusão e diversidade. A perspectiva das epistemologias feministas oferece uma análise crítica da estrutura do conhecimento nas histórias em quadrinhos, problematizando representações de gênero e poder. Essa abordagem busca igualdade e diversidade, empoderando vozes femininas e enriquecendo a compreensão de diferentes formas de conhecimento e experiência.

The shape analysis of objectivity and practical theories advanced by Rawls, along with the sort of impartiality associated with the principles of justice it warrants, can highlight the affinities of the Rawlsian approach with the perspective of feminist epistemologies and the meta-ethical differences it has with approaches to care. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractDevelopment studies is a field characterized by an unusual degree of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research, and therefore is constantly subject both to pressures for the reproduction of disciplines as autonomous and self‐sufficient, and to an increasing steer from public funders of research for interdisciplinary work which is valued for its problem‐solving character and more apparent relevance, in an era greatly exercised by accountability. At a moment when the need to renew disciplinary interchange has intensified it is therefore instructive to consider the social relations which facilitate interdisciplinarity. This article does this through an argument that feminist cross‐disciplinary research shows how important shared values are to motivate and sustain these kinds of learning, and that an explicit focus on social justice as the core of development research can be the basis of such a renewal. If feminist interactions and solidarity provide the motivation, feminist epistemologies provide arguments for why socially engaged research is not 'biased', but stronger than research with narrower ideas of objectivity; why reflexivities and subjectivities are crucial to the conduct of research; and how these, and the convergence of concepts of individuals and persons favoured within different disciplines, might build the common ground required for greater disciplinary interchange.

If we view the aim of feminist science as truthlikeness, instead of either absolute or relative truth, then we can explain the sense in which the feminist sciences bring an objective advance in knowledge without implicating One True Theory. I argue that a certain non-linguistic theory of truthlikeness is especially well-suited to this purpose and complements the feminist epistemologies of Harding, Haraway, and Longino.

Through a personalized story, anchored in historical reflections on the formative years of feminist research in the Nordic context in the early 1970s, the article engages in transversal conversations. The focus is dissonances and resonances between intersectional feminisms and socialist feminisms, and their critiques of monocategorical (neo)liberal feminisms. The method is transversal dialoguing, implying that participants in politically conflicted conversations, shift between "rooting" (situating their own stakes along the lines of feminist epistemologies of situated knowledges) and "shifting" (seriously trying to imagine what it takes to inhabit the situated perspective of interlocutors). A starting point for the articles transversal conversations is recent critiques of white feminist intersectionality research in Nordic and broader European contexts, claimed to neoliberalize and whitewash intersectionality. Shifting to the perspective of the critics, the author takes responsibility for her stakes in epistemologies of white ignorance. A historical reflection on her becoming a socialist feminist in the context of New Left students and feminist movements in Denmark in the aftermath of the students revolts of 1968 is used as prism to a discussion of socialist feminisms in the Nordic context in the 1970s, and their paradoxes of being attentive to class, while entangled in classic marxisms eurocentrism and epistemologies of white ignorance. To dig further into the question of genealogies of leftwing epistemologies of ignorance, characterizing Nordic socialist feminism in the 1970s (and haunting European socialism more generally), the article critically rereads a piece of the authors research from the 1970s-an analysis of the work of socialist feminist, Alexandra Kollontaj, and her role in the Russian revolution. Rooting, the author suggests that the epistemologies of white ignorance in Nordic feminist research rather than emerging from monocategoricality and (neo) neoliberalism, as the critics suggest, should be sought after through a critical scrutiny of leftwing versions of eurocentrism.

The contributors to two new anthologies A Mind of One's Own: Feminist Essays on Reason and Objectivity (edited by Louise Antony and Charlene Witt) and Feminist Epistemologies (edited by Linda Alcoff and Elizabeth Potter) are philosophers for whom feminism is an intellectual as well as political commitment and they produce original, valuable feminist and philosophical work. I focus on differences between the anthologies and on two themes: the social character of knowledge and the allegedly oppressive "masculinism" of epistemological ideals.

PurposeThis paper aims to offer an account of the research process and reflects on feminist research practice. It discusses methodological issues based on the author's experience as a PhD student in sociology carrying out fieldwork with women in Latin America. The paper makes the research process transparent and shows how feminist epistemologies inform the research strategies the author used in the field.Design/methodology/approachThis is a reflexive piece about the methodology and method used and the dilemmas encountered in the author's empirical work as a feminist doctoral researcher. It considers biographical issues and personal interests in relation to the research.FindingsThe article discusses methodological assumptions and feminist epistemologies. It examines the interview as a research method as well as interviewing skills. It reflects on research practice, considering power issues, feminist challenges in the field, and the topic of reflexivity and otherness.Originality/valueThe article provides an account of feminist research practice, and considers the roles and skills of the researcher when interviewing. It contributes to knowledge by providing real examples of feminist research in Latin America.

In an important contribution to postcolonial, gender, and Eurasian ethnic studies, Madina Tlostanova examines Central Asia and the Caucasus to trace the genealogy of feminism in those regions following the dissolution of the USSR. The forms it takes, she finds, resist interpretation through the lenses of both Western feminist theory and woman of color feminism. Tlostanova argues that Eurasian borderland feminism must chart a third path sensitive to the region's own unique past.

Feminist philosophy identifies tensions within mainstream theories of knowledge. To create a more egalitarian epistemology, solutions to these problems have been as diverse as the traditions of philosophy out of which feminists continue to emerge. This book considers two equally formidable approaches theorized by Louise Antony and Lynn Hankinson Nelson. The American philosopher W.V.O. Quine locates knowledge as a branch of empirical science. Shuford shows how both Antony and Nelson use Quine's 'naturalized epistemology' to create empirically robust feminist epistemologies. However, Shuford arg

Doing feminist work from within patriarchal institutions comes with unique challenges. We invited two activists and feminist studies professors, Rosi Braidotti and Nina Lykke, to reflect on feminists' long march through patriarchal university institutions. Concretely, we asked them to reflect upon three themes. Firstly, we asked them to situate themselves and their work - and reflect upon what it takes to do feminist work which troubles mainstream epistemologies. Secondly, we asked them to explore how the conditions for feminist research have changed over time - and what the current neoliberal and right-wing backlash does to feminist research. And finally, we asked how coming of age might influence them, and how they looked upon intergenerational exchanges in the feminist movement. The aim of the dialogue was to look back at how the feminist studies movement in academia emerged, while at the same time looking forward to explore which new political and ideological conditions have arisen and how these might affect future possibilities for conducting feminist research within academia.

Gail Mason's Spectacle of Violence undertakes an important project in confronting a number of serious questions about definitions of violence and power, and about the nature of experience, subjectivity, and mind/body dualisms. Hartsock's comments on the book focus on issues of experience, embodiment, and standpoint theories.