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The paper considers how implementation strategies for the promotion of innovation implicate the forms of law in Western economies. Pursuing the example of computer software production, it traces the tension in the form of the law between liberalism and corporatism, property and administration, and rule and discretion. It examines developments in the law relating to copyright, proprietary information, trade practices, foreign investment, and government sponsorship and enterprise.

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to illustrate the trajectories of innovation biographies in the service economy utilising the geographic heuristics of physical and relational distances. Drawing on the theoretical literature on the significance of proximity and distance to economic activities, the paper examines three case studies in the law sector. The analysis focuses on the role of the term "innovation" within law businesses and on the interplay of proximities and distances in the case studies.

A central goal of any economy is to achieve rapid and sustained growth. This cannot happen without continued innovation. This landmark Handbook brings together many of the world's legal scholars to examine features of the legal infrastructure that affect both innovation and growth. Individual chapters explore different legal subject areas, in most cases offering recommendations for rule changes that could accelerate growth, primarily in the context of the US economy. The introductory chapter provides a framework for these discussions and explains why it is time for legal scholarship and research to move in that direction.

This book features a discussion on the modernisation of law and legal change, focusing on the key concepts of "innovation" and "transition". These concepts both appear to be relevant and poorly defined in contemporary legal science. A critical reflection on the heuristic value of these categories seems appropriate, particularly considering their dyadic value. While innovation is increasingly appearing in the present day as being the category in which one looks at the modernisation of law, the concept of transition also seems to be the privileged place of occurrence for such dynamics. This group of Italian and Brazilian scholars contributing to this volume intends to investigate such problems through an interdisciplinary prism. It includes points of view both internal to legal studies - such as the history of law, theory of law, constitutional law, private law and commercial law - and external, such as political philosophy and history of justice and political institutions. ; Innovation and transition in law: some introductory remarks on the heuristic value of a conceptual pair / Massimo Meccarelli, Cristiano Paixão, Claudia Roesler (pp. 9-19). -- Time of innovation and time of transition shaping the legal dimension: a methodological approach from legal history / Massimo Meccarelli (pp. 23-44). -- What is a legal transition? Thoughts on legal change amidst a political transition (Brazil, 1980-2020) / Maria Pia Guerra (pp. 45-65). -- New philosophical paradigms and demand for law: space for innovation. Reflections on the time of transition as a practical structure / Flavia Stara (pp. 67-77). -- Melancholy as a permanent transition in law and democracy / Douglas Antônio Rocha Pinheiro (pp. 79-95). -- Uses of silence in political and legal transitions: a methodological approach to constitutional history / Cristiano Paixão (pp. 97-119). -- Legal concepts from the standpoint of innovation and preservation of meaning: a rhetorical perspective / Claudia Roesler (pp. 123-140). -- Latent innovations in a legal system and civil law categories / Francesco Gambino (pp. 141-154). -- The words of Justice and the long italian transition (1943-1958) / Antonella Meniconi (pp. 155-184). -- Rhetoric, technological innovation and legal audiences: the case of Brazilian Supreme Court / Isaac Costa Reis (pp. 185-202). -- Constituent power and constitutional change in Brazil's transition to democracy (1945-1946) / Raphael Peixoto de Paula Marques (pp. 205-224). -- Transition to democracy and the Brazilian presidential system post-1946: the relationship between institutional design and political instability / Claudia Paiva Carvalho (pp. 225-246). -- The physical body through the juridical lens: an issue of law of innovation and of innovation in law (XIX-XX cent.) / Elisabetta Fusar Poli (pp. 247-271). -- From telegraph to telephone: an exemplary transitional space in the legal discipline of technical innovations (1877-1903) / Francesca Martello (pp. 273-304). -- In the middle of nowhere. The never-ending transition of Italian private companies (società a responsabilità limitata - SRL) / Alessio Bartolacelli (pp. 305-336). -- The evolution of the form of government in Italy / Giovanni Di Cosimo (pp. 337-348).

In 2014, the government's attempts to reform the science sector came to naught. The funding of science from the national budget and extra-budgetary resources decreased considerably. Technological innovation costs passed from the national budget on to enterprises, which are supposed to use their own funds and loans to cover the expenditure. The cut in funding of science has inevitably resulted in a degradation of the key performance indicators of the innovation-driven growth, as well as the continuous brain-drain. The number of 'innovation-active' industrial enterprises goes down, while the proportion of 'innovation-lazy' enterprises is increasing, which particularly concerns the oil industry. Against the background of the economic slowdown, the government places its stake on a mobilization model of industrial development, which is also close to resource exhaustion.