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This three-volume study examines the questions raised by the performance of the military institutions of France, Germany, Russia, the United States, Great Britain, Japan and Italy in the period from 1914 to 1945. Leading military historians deal with the different national approaches to war and military power at the tactical, operational, strategic, and political levels. They form the basis for a fundamental re-examination of how military organizations have performed in the first half of the twentieth century. Volume 2 covers the interwar period. Volumes 1 and 3 address World War I and World War II, respectively. Now in a new edition, with a new introduction by the editors, these classic volumes will remain invaluable for military historians and social scientists in their examination of national security and military issues. They will also be essential reading for future military leaders at Staff and War Colleges

"In the present material, there was intended the presentation of some of the Romanian entrepreneurs who developed sole partnership businesses in Craiova, in the interwar period, as they were recorded in the archival and in different edited sources. These were owners of shops, department stores, bookstores, workshops, warehouses, factories, printing houses, restaurants, confectioneries, etc. It is well known that any city, in order to develop, needs commercial activity, all the more so since trade, or bartering activities are generating profit. It ought to be said that the mentioned period was not an easy one for the entrepreneurs from Craiova, being known that Romania's participation in the First World War led to the ruin or closure of some businesses, and the economic crisis affected to a large extent the majority of traders, entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the frequent changes of the political regimes, Romania's participation to the military actions of the World War II, had repercussions on the economic activity of Craiova. "

"In the present material, there was intended the presentation of some of the Romanian women entrepreneurs who developed sole partnership businesses in Craiova, in the interwar period, as they were recorded in the archival documents and in different edited sources. We notice that most entrepreneurs were housewives, they set up companies whose activities are handled by their husbands and, sometimes, their fathers, or a qualified person (he had a certificate) designated by proxy, but also people who had worked as commercial officials, gained experience working in commercial units, and who opened their own businesses. Analyzing the files of the companies registered with the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Craiova, and registered in the Trade Register, we identified several profiles of the woman trader in Craiova: having her own business; as guardian of the minor heirs; after her husband's bankruptcy; as a result of the death of the spouse; as heiress."

'Italian Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period, 1918-1940' by H. James Burgwyn is reviewed. Italian Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period, 1918-1940 by H. James Burgwyn is reviewed.

Abstract
The basis of the connection between analytic philosophy and architecture theory was developed in the interwar period. The results of analytic philosophy – especially the neo-positivism of Vienna Circle – and modern, functionalist architecture theory were utilized in an interdisciplinary approach. The comparison was based on language puzzles, science-based building processes, the method of justification and verification, and designing an artificial language in order to express the theoretical (philosophical) and the practical (architectural) approach as well. The functionality was based on the modern way of architectural thinking that relied on the results of Carnapian neo-positivism. Interpreting modern architecture is possible by referring to the keywords of logical positivism: empiricism, logic, verification, unity of language, and science.
In my paper, I first list the bases of the comparison between the philosophy of the Vienna Circle and the architecture theory of the interwar period – the Bauhaus and Le Corbusier. In the 2nd and 3rd sections, I show the dialectical succession between form and function. After that, I discuss the aesthetic verification of the turn of the century and the scientific justification of the interwar period. I focus on the interwar period with the positivist approach and the theory of the 'new architecture'. I emphasize the importance of the language of science and the machine paradigm – in contrast to historicism.

Carl Franz Bally founded a shoe factory in Switzerland in 1851. Within decades, the Bally name had achieved worldwide recognition for its high-quality footwear. The history of modern footwear can be traced through the lens of Bally's corporate evolution. This book brings together the results of research on such topics as the economic importance of fashion, Bally's fortunes in the US, the career of shoe design, the sourcing and use of materials, and the rise of strategic product display. The research focuses on the 1930s and 1940s: years of economic crisis and war, characterized by a wide diversity of designs and increasing variety in product range. Shortages also led to experiments with materials and technical innovations. Featuring numerous points of contact with adjacent fields of historical study, this publication marks a contribution to the history of fashion as the history of industrially manufactured products.

The article briefly discusses the creation and activity of statistical institutions in the Łódź region during the interwar years. In particular, the history of the Statistical Department at the City Council of Łódź, established by the City Council on 19 September, 1917, was presented. The Department functioned from 1 January, 1918 and its most important task was to conduct censuses of the population, one of the largest and most difficult statistical undertakings. In the discussed period, the urban statistics of Łódź covered the most important spheres of the city's life, including state and municipal offices.