Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- 1. The Basics -- 2. Libertarianism in Action -- 3. Economics -- 4. Classical Liberalism -- 5. Modern Liberalism -- 6. Twenty-First-Century Factions -- 7. Anarcho-Capitalism -- 8. Ten Dilemmas for Libertarians -- 9. Major Libertarian Schools of Thought -- Frequently Asked Questions -- Chronology -- Glossary -- About the Author and Illustrator -- Backcover

IN "LIBERTY AND NATURE," RASMUSSEN AND DEN UYL USE AN ARISTOTELIAN CONCEPTION OF THE HUMAN GOOD TO PROVIDE A FOUNDATION FOR LIBERTARIANISM. THEIR PRINCIPAL ARGUMENT IS THAT INTELLIGENCE AND VIRTUE ARE NECESSARY INGREDIENTS IN EVERY FLOURISHING HUMAN LIFE, BUT SINCE THESE ARE NOT GOODS THAT THE STATE CAN DISTRIBUTE TO INDIVIDUALS, GOVERNMENTS CAN PLAY ONLY A MODEST ROLE IN PROMOTING THE COMMON GOOD. THE STATE BEST PROMOTES THE WELL-BEING OF ITS CITIZENS BY ALLOWING THEM TO PURSUE HAPPINESS IN A MANNER OF THEIR OWN CHOOSING, AND DEFENDING THEM AGAINST THOSE WHO WOULD INVADE THEIR MORAL BOUNDARIES.

This article aims to persuade its reader that libertarianism, at least in several of its varieties, is a species of the genus that Michael Oakeshott referred to as 'rationalism in politics'. I hope to demonstrate, employing the work of Oakeshott as well as Aristotle and Onora O'Neill, how many libertarian theorists, who generally have a sincere and admirable commitment to personal liberty, have been led astray by the rationalist promise that we might be able to approach deductive certainty concerning the 'correctness' of some political programme. The article will argue that a concept such as Pettit's freedom as non-domination is more robust and inclusive of all that we value about freedom than is the libertarian concept of freedom as non-interference.

The essay is an overview of libertarian literature. It begins dealing with lexical issues concerning the meaning of liberalism, classical liberalism, conservatism and libertarianism. There are two meanings of libertarianism: a large one, as a free market oriented liberalism, and a strict one, as an extreme classical liberalism which calls in question the State as the main enemy of liberty. Novelist Ayn Rand is one of the main sources for contemporary libertarian theory, although she never called herself libertarian. Murray N. Rothbard is the most important libertarian thinker; he was an "austrian" economist and a natural law theorist who considered free market as the social institution capable to satisfy every human need, security and justice included. In response to rothbardian society without a State, Robert Nozick exposed a minarchist position, in favour of a minimal State limited to the function of protecting individual rights. This distinction between anarchism and minarchism is a crucial one for libertarian theory. The most interesting current literature is that in rothbardian, natural law and natural rights style. There is also an italian libertarian literature, including works of political theory, philosophy of law, environmentalism and history.

As a continuation of the older tradition of classical liberalism, libertarian thinking draws on a rich body of thought and scholarship. Contemporary libertarian scholars are continuing that tradition by making substantial contributions to such fields as philosophy, jurisprudence, economics, evolutionary psychology, political theory, and history, in both academia and politics. With more than 300 A-to-Z signed entries written by top scholars, The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism is purposed to be a useful compilation of and introduction to libertarian scholarship. The Encyclopedia starts with an i

Provides an introduction to and compendium of libertarian scholarship via a series of brief articles on the historical, sociological, and economic aspects of libertarianism within the broader context.

Libertarianism is an ideology which reveals its contradictions when it is implemented. The libertarian denial of the right to what Rawls calls fair quality of opportunity, especially to the right to education, would negatively impact any libertarian society in adapting to its environment. Further, a libertarian society would lead to a caste society and the domination of the political system by an elite primarily interested in protecting its own privileges, not the freedom of the masses.

1) Introduction -- 2) Methodological foundations of communication studies: communication art vs. communication science -- 3) Communication as a subcategory of human action: praxeological approach to communication and the object of communication science -- 4) Communication freedom and ethical theory: the logic of non-aggression and communication of consent -- 5) Communication theory of property rights and homesteading -- 6) The role of communication in adaptation of moral norms -- 7) Communication freedom and property rights -- 8) The freedom to communicate as a liberal value -- 9) Communication acts and initiation of aggression: causality and responsibility -- 10) Communication freedom of individuals and the "interests of society" -- 11) Praxeological objection to intellectual property rights laws -- 12) When words become deeds: mere speech and speech acts in the theory of contract: the cases of business communication -- 13) Communication freedom, libel, defamation and reputation -- 14) Communication freedom, privacy and "the right to know" -- 15) Information for sale: access to data and blackmail -- 16) Conclusion.