Suchergebnisse

AbstractThough a transition to a fully funded pension system is favoured by many economists, it is not even considered by politicians in Germany. This paper examines the hypothesis that this is in accordance with the preferences of the population. By performing a dynamic CGE analysis referenda on pension policies are simulated. They show that a fully privatizing scheme is not politically feasible in Germany, however long the pre‐announcement period, if the alternatives are the current policy or a partially privatizing policy. This explains why a fully privatizing policy is not an issue in the political debate in Germany. In order to examine what are the reasons for this outcome, the German Bismarckian System is compared to a Beveridge‐System which is similar to the British pension system. Actually, in the latter case, a transition to a fully funded system is what the majority opts for in a dynamically consistent equilibrium. This is evidence that the future of the pension system depends on its history.

Factors needing consideration in assessing feasibility.

In 1989, after almost two decades of substance-by-substance standard setting, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) promulgated its Air Contaminants Standard, imposing new exposure limits for 376 toxic substances encountered in U.S. industry. In marked contrast to earlier regulations, the Air Contaminants Standard has generated relatively little industry opposition. This paper analyzes the standard in the context of the twenty-year debate over the appropriate role for technological feasibility and economic compliance costs in occupational health policy. The political feasibility of the new standard is traced to OSHA's abandonment of "technology forcing" in favor of reliance on "off-the-shelf" technologies already in use in major firms. While important as an embodiment of OSHA's new "generic" approach to regulation, the Air Contaminants Standard cannot serve as a model for future occupational health policy, due to its reliance on informal, closed-door mechanisms for establishing regulatory priorities and permissible exposure limits.

Factors relevant to political feasibility assessment of public policy include: timeliness, support, ideological consistency, bureaucratic support, definition of policy failure, & policy consensus. These factors form the basis of a framework that can be elaborated both empirically, with reference to successful past policies, & a priori. Current treatment of political feasibility issues by political scientists is critically reviewed. 1 Table, 13 References. J. Peterson

Four criteria are proposed to evaluate the implementation of US federal grant agency project processing procedures. The criteria -- anonymity, nonperversity, implementation of program goals, & adequacy -- go beyond the arguments over rational-analytic vs incremental policy making by suggesting criteria that both models can meet. Examples of two federal programs' selection procedures are used to illustrate the applicability of, & divergency from, the proposed criteria. Factors important to administrators in selecting project processing procedures are also discussed. 24 References. HA.

"In this timely book, Sven Rudolph and Elena Aydos take an interdisciplinary approach that combines sustainability economics, political economy, and legal concepts to answer two fundamental questions: How can carbon markets be designed to be effective, efficient and just at the same time? And how can the political barriers to sustainable carbon markets be overcome? The authors advance existing theoretical frameworks and examine empirical data from various real-life emissions trading schemes, identifying strategies and policy windows for implementing truly sustainable ETS."

THIS PAPER PROPOSES FOUR CRITERIA TO EVALUATE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF U.S. FEDERAL GRANT AGENCY PROJECT PROCESSING PROCEDURES. THE CRITERIA - ANONYMITY, NON-PERVERSITY, IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAM GOALS AND ADEQUANCY - GO BEYOND THE ARGUMENTS OVER RATIONAL-ANALYTIC VERSUS INCREMENTAL POLICYMAKING BY SUGGESTING CRITERIA WHICH BOTH MODELS CAN MEET. EXAMPLES OF TWO FEDERAL PROGRAMS' SELECTION PROCEDURES ARE USED TO ILLUSTRATE THE APPLICABILITY OF, AND DIVERGENCY FROM, THE PROPOSED CRITERIA. THE PAPER CONCLUDES WITH A DISCUSSION OF THE FACTORS IMPORTANT TO ADMINISTRATORS IN SELECTING PROJECT PROCESSING PROCEDURES.

"April 2005." ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-110). ; 1. Wither space nuclear power? -- 2. Space nuclear power as trans-scientific public policy -- 3. Political permission, the contemporary dimensions -- 4. A trans-scientific political engagement strategy -- 5. Conclusions. ; Mode of access: Internet.