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This article explores the presence of noise in processes of communication and organisation in social movements. While the concept of noise has always had a role in discussions of communication, it is in light of the influence and use of social media that it comes to the fore as crucial in terms of how we understand communication. Rather than being a factor that interferes with effective communication, we will argue that noise is in fact inseparable from the experience of receiving information and organising through social media. Furthermore, the emergence of different 'nuances' of noise tells us something about different dynamics of self-organisation via social media. This article analyses the online forms of organisation of the 15M movement and the experiences of Dutch radical left activists to inform a better appreciation of the radical potential of a certain variant of noise: pink noise.

This blog entry presents the work of the self-organised choir "Raspeani Skopjani," who through their work try to produce a counter-analysis of the political history of Republic of Macedonia and the urban development of its capital Skopje, which has been for so long and still remains largely falsified. Two aspects will be discussed: their self-organised structure and the performance of solidarity through the use of social media.

Medienpolitik steht unter den Prämissen aktueller Medienentwicklungen wie Medialisierung, Globalisierung, Konvergenz und Kommerzialisierung unter anderen Vorzeichen. Medienpolitik in der Mediendemokratie muss angemessen auf diesen strukturellen Wandel der Medien (und der Politik selbst) reagieren. Eine konsequente Reflexion dieser Entwicklung und der ökonomischen Realität kommt - so die zentrale These des Artikels - um die Etablierung von Unternehmensverantwortung und die Etablierung von Stakeholder-konformen Regelsystemen nicht herum. Dafür wird vor dem Hintergrund internationaler Befunde ein Modell der regulierten Selbstorganisation vorgeschlagen, das die Einrichtung von Selbstregulationsinstanzen und die umfassende Implementierung von Selbstorganisationsinstrumenten in Medienunternehmen vorsieht. Aufgabe der Medienpolitik ist es, durch eine Kombination von Drohungen alternativer Regulation, durch ökonomische und soziale Motivation der Unternehmungen sowie durch finanzielle und strukturelle Unterstützung der Einrichtungen der Selbstregulierung den Medien auch in Österreich die Möglichkeit zu geben, Selbstregulation und Selbstorganisation zu implementieren.

Introduction: Urbanisation and Transport planning in urban China, Accessibility and Self-organisation process; Objectives of this Study; Methodology; Rationale for Selecting the Research Cities; Structure of the study -- Theory framework -- Equality of Accessibility and Transport Policy -- Influence of Self-organisation Process on the accessibility of the rural migrant workers in enclaves, Guangzhou -- Influence of Self-organisation Process on the accessibility of the local workers in the inner city of Guangzhou, Xiguan -- Influence of Self-organisation Process on the accessibility of the rural migrants workers in Shanghai -- Influence of Self-organisation Process on the accessibility of the local workers in Shanghai -- Influence of Self-organisation Process on the accessibility of the migrant workers in Beijing -- Influence of Self-organisation Process on the accessibility of the poor in Tin Shiu Wai New Town, Hong Kong -- Transport Policies to Ensure Equality of Accessibility in Cities of Urban China -- Conclusion.

Participatory measures are widely acclaimed as a solution enabling public administrations to become more responsive to citizens. Research has nevertheless documented that, de- spite intentions, residents end up feeling manipulated rather than listened to in these processes. In this study, we performed an in-depth analysis of policy documents used for decision-making related to the area-based initiative in the district of Tøyen in Oslo, Nor- way. We also interviewed local politicians and representatives of residents and civil servants. Initial contracts clearly stated that residents were supposed to influence deci- sion-making in this area-based initiative. In the analysis we categorised the different participatory measures in accordance with Arnstein's participation ladder to see if resi- dents were allowed to influence decision-making and if so how. The results show that they were not allowed to influence decision-making. This raises questions about the inherent dilemma of accountability in modern-day bureaucracy and the potential for responsiveness to citizens.

Participatory measures are widely acclaimed as a solution enabling public administrations to become more responsive to citizens. Research has nevertheless documented that, despite intentions, residents end up feeling manipulated rather than listened to in these processes. In this study, we performed an in-depth analysis of policy documents used for decision-making related to the area-based initiative in the district of Tøyen in Oslo, Norway. We also interviewed local politicians and representatives of residents and civil servants. Initial contracts clearly stated that residents were supposed to influence decision-making in this area-based initiative. In the analysis we categorised the different participatory measures in accordance with Arnstein's participation ladder to see if residents were allowed to influence decision-making and if so how. The results show that they were not allowed to influence decision-making. This raises questions about the inherent dilemma of accountability in modern-day bureaucracy and the potential for responsiveness to citizens. ; publishedVersion