Suchergebnisse

How do third parties decide to intervene in civil conflicts? The study of intervention has focused primarily on the conflict characteristics and dyadic linkages that make intervention more likely, or the conflict outcomes that interventions generate, while holding all else equal. To paint a more complete picture of what goes into the intervention decision, I advocate a shift in the way we conceive of interventions toward network analysis, which grants due agency to the multiple external actors and internal combatants that influence the decision to intervene. This review critically examines and synthesizes the recent literature on third-party interventions in civil conflict and, in so doing, identifies some areas for future research.

Tacit knowledge is not easily recognized or acknowledged, but it can be a key factor in enhancing the quality of strategic decisions made by the top management team. A working definition of tacit knowledge is the work-related practical know-how that is acquired through direct experience and instrumental in achieving goals important to the holder. The study provides an integration of the cognitive and strategic literatures to show that tacit knowledge is accessible and how it plays an integral role in the context of strategic decision making. The authors propose that better decisions will occur when tacit knowledge is employed overtly during strategy sessions. Among other methods, the use of guided mental imagery seems to provide the simultaneous benefits of explicating tacit knowledge as well as enhancing the socialization process necessary for its transfer among team members.

Abstract
This essay examines how Stanisław Lem mobilizes the genre of science fiction to portray regional Central European concerns as structural conditions of semiperiphery. The essay centers on Lem's interest in illegibility, which defines him as a novelist and a critic, showing how his argument against the US monopoly within the genre of science fiction is reflected in his novels. Focusing on Lem's paralleling of female masochism and epistemological critique, the essay reads Solaris as a novel invested in inspecting the interrelatedness of systems of oppression.

This paper aims at presenting an overview of recent studies on students' strategic behavior while reading online texts in English as a second/foreign language. As the digital environment has unique features that may influence reading comprehension, it is necessary that readers develop strategies to better cope with the online demands (Leu et al., 2014; Cho & Afflerbach, 2017). The studies here described made use of a wide range of data collection procedures, approaching qualitative and quantitative methods, by using surveys, observations, interviews and think-aloud protocols. Their findings collaborate to the understanding that Internet/hyperlinked reading is a complex cognitive process, involving not only the transfer of paper-based strategies but also mastering computer and multimedia skills

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) contribute significantly to socio-economic development of any country. Despite the contribution, poor performance of SMEs has been reported due to various constraints. Strategic entrepreneurship has been identified as one of the approaches that can be used to promote SMEs performance. We aimed at developing a conceptual model that describes the influence of strategic entrepreneurship on SMEs performance under the mediation of competitive advantage. Guided by the Resource-Based Theory, the synergy of the Resource-Based View and the Knowledge Based View, we adopted learning orientation, strategic resources management and entrepreneurial orientation as components of strategic entrepreneurship. Through integrative literature review approach, we developed the conceptual model, which depicts the direct and indirect influence of strategic entrepreneurship components on SMEs performance. Furthermore, the model depicts the mediating effect of competitive advantage on the relationships between strategic entrepreneurship components and SMEs performance. We have contributed to the existing literature through introduction of strategic resources management as a component of strategic entrepreneurship, introduction of direct and indirect influences of strategic entrepreneurship components on SMEs performance and introduction of competitive advantage as a mediating variable between strategic entrepreneurship and SMEs performance. We have recommended for the testing of the proposed model in future studies across different industries to obtain empirical evidence. This wouldresult to further theoretical and practical contributions to the existing knowledge.

Types, modes, and levels of diversification are the most complicated yet intertwined processes in the strategic management literature for optimization of firm performance.

Abstract
Has strategic management forsaken the practical concerns of managers? Much of what is on offer is intellectually self‐indulgent and managerially sterile. This paper argues that much of the strategy literature is remote from its actual market, the everyday needs of senior managers.
Furthermore, strategic management appears to have politically plateaued in its appeal to these managers who, in the process‐related literature, are deemed to be 'lost‐souls', forever destined to be the victims of 'logical' incrementalism (Quinn, 1980), 'muddling through' (Braybrooke and Lindblom, 1963) and 'emergent strategies' (Mintzberg, 1978, 1994).
Whilst some prefer to dwell on the rise, and perhaps more importantly the fall, of strategic management (or at least of strategic planning), there may well be clues to how strategic management might rejuvenate itself and become far more creative.
This paper asks for those in the academic community to continue to remain innovative in ideas and approaches that might be of practical interest to managers and yet still be conceptually and empirically robust. The central core of this argument is the demonstration that a simple 'line of enquiry' (in detective terms) is able to provide real assistance to managers. This, it is hoped, can be done at the same time as helping us to observe and understand better new forms of strategic behaviour, rather than just dissecting the old.
In essence a single framework is advanced, namely the 'Strategic Option Grid', which seeks to help promote clarity, imagination and insight into the process of strategic decision‐making. This paper opens the way for a future and exciting empirical research agenda through conceptual development. In terms of management education on strategy, the Strategic Option Grid approach offers considerable potential for both the teaching and learning of strategy more effectively.
Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Based on an extensive literature review, this article explores the impact of strategic renewal in the public sector on the roles and skills of public professionals. Findings show that successive reforms of New Public Management and New Public Governance have resulted in hybrid role requirements that go beyond the often-debated dichotomy between professionalism and management. Based on our review, we could distinguish four sets of skills for professionals, linking traditional professional expertise to competences for networking and co-creation. Implications for future research are discussed.

In order to further promote the theoretical research on the effective financial support for the high-quality development of strategic emerging industries, this paper reviews the research status at home and abroad on the mechanism and path, influence effect, support efficiency, support system, problems and countermeasures of financial support for the development of strategic emerging industries. At present, the research on financial support for the development of strategic emerging industries at home and abroad is mainly conducted from the perspective of financial support and financing. Under the two perspectives, the influence effect can be subdivided into direct financing, indirect financing and comprehensive financing, and the research on support efficiency can be divided into national and regional studies. The support system can be divided into three aspects: horizontal, vertical, and horizontal and vertical synthesis. Problems and countermeasures are subdivided into four aspects: countermeasures, policies, strategies and optimization paths. Future research directions include: Deepening the mechanism of financial support for strategic emerging industries from the perspective of financing; Expand the research of vertical support system for the development of strategic emerging industries.

Business Model vs. Lean Canvas in the Global -- Local Scenario: A Conceptual Study -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Literature Review -- Business Model vs. Lean Canvas -- Scope of the Study -- Objectives of the Study -- Discussion -- Future Research Implications -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Web Resources -- Chapter 6 -- Determinants Stimulating Customer Sensory Experience of Global and Local Coffee Chains -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Coffee Market and Sensory Marketing: Literature Review -- Sight and Sensory Marketing -- Smell and Sensory Marketing