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Beyond trade creation: Preferential trade agreements and trade disputes
In: Pacific economic review, Band 26, Heft 1, S. 23-53
ISSN: 1468-0106
AbstractThis study investigates the effects of preferential trade agreements (PTA) on bilateral trade disputes. We construct a unique and comprehensive dataset on inter‐country trade disputes from 1995 to 2007. The dataset covers 110 countries and 1,162 bilateral country‐pair trade disputes. Using this dataset in a gravity‐type model of trade dispute analysis, we find that countries belonging to the same PTA tend to experience fewer trade conflicts among themselves than with non‐member countries. By studying various types of PTA with different dispute settlement mechanisms, we further find that the dispute‐reducing effect only comes from PTA with specific provisions on dispute settlement mechanisms. Moreover, the effect is stronger if those PTA explicitly stipulate that members can also resolve their disputes via the WTO Dispute Settlement Body. However, having PTA that do not address how members should resolve their disputes may lead to more dispute initiations than in cases without PTA.
Trade promotion by trade associations
In: Public opinion quarterly: journal of the American Association for Public Opinion Research, Band 1, S. 126-130
ISSN: 0033-362X
Digital trade integration in preferential trade agreements
The growth of digital trade is dependant upon greater interconnectivity across borders. Several countries strive to achieve such interconnectivity and integration in digital trade through international trade agreements. Digital trade integration is a complex, multidimensional process that integrates regulatory structures/policy designs, digital technologies and business processes along the entire global/regional digital value chain. This paper sets out five foundational elements of digital trade integration: reducing digital trade barriers; digital trade facilitation; digital trade regulatory frameworks and digital trust policies; digital development and inclusion; and institutional coordination. It then examines the extent to which Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) can or do contribute to digital integration. Some recent PTAs contain ambitious provisions to reduce regulatory barriers in digital trade and facilitate cross-border data flows. However, most PTAs fail to holistically support the five pillars of digital trade integration, and are particularly deficient in supporting digital development and inclusion, incorporating adequate digital trade facilitation measures, and facilitating meaningful international regulatory cooperation. This paper provides various policy recommendations to address such deficiencies. This paper also contains a case study of digital trade integration in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). It argues that the ASEAN framework currently functions as a weak form of digital trade integration, focusing mainly on political goodwill and high-level cooperation. Although the ASEAN Members are committed to enhancing regulatory cooperation and strengthening their institutions on electronic commerce, the development asymmetry coupled with the conflicting policy preferences of ASEAN Members remains a key obstacle.
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Trade Finance Affects Trade Dynamics
In: UB Economics Working Papers E16/341
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Working paper
Do trade missions increase trade?
In: The Canadian journal of economics: the journal of the Canadian Economics Association = Revue canadienne d'économique, Band 43, Heft 3, S. 754-775
ISSN: 1540-5982
Abstract In an effort to stimulate trade, Canada has conducted regular trade missions starting in 1994, often led by the Prime Minister. According to the Canadian government, these missions generated tens of billions of dollars in new business deals. This paper uses bilateral trade data to assess this claim. We find that Canada exports and imports above‐normal amounts to the countries to which it sent trade missions. However, the missions do not seem to have caused an increase in trade. In the preferred specification, incorporating country‐pair fixed effects, trade missions have small, negative, and mainly insignificant effects.
Trade Liberalization and Trade Balance
In: Voprosy Ekonomiki, Heft 7, S. 19-36
The paper estimates the impact of import tariffs on Russia's trade balance. Empirical model analyzes Russian trade by industries and partner countries, taking into account import tariffs on both industrial output and intermediate goods. It is shown that the aggregate impact of import duties on trade balance is negative in all industries outside the fuel and energy sector. Decrease in import tariffs is likely to improve market positions of Russian non-fuel exports, especially in such industries as machine building and metal works, agriculture and forestry, chemistry and light industry.
Trade Policy, Trade Costs, and Developing Country Trade
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 39, Heft 12, S. 2069-2079
Trade creation and trade diversion
In: The Single market review
In: Subseries 4, Impact on trade and investment 3
Trade Flows and Trade Disputes
In: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 6979
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Working paper
Trade Wars and Trade Talks
In: Journal of political economy, Band 103, Heft 4, S. 675
ISSN: 0022-3808
Firms in Trade and Trade Politics
In: Annual review of political science, Band 22, Heft 1, S. 399-417
ISSN: 1545-1577
We survey the literature on firms as primary actors in trade politics. In contrast with prevailing approaches, firm-centered models predict that trade internally divides industries and that larger firms are the strongest advocates for globalization. This new preference map alters extant predictions about the dynamics of interest group contestation over trade and suggests revised accounts for how political organization and institutions contribute to an open international order. We also explore the potential for new insights into the operation of the global trade regime, the politics of foreign investment, immigration and capital movements, and exchange rates. Poli-tical activities undertaken by firms are important areas for further research in international political economy: Their economic engagements directly affect the movement of goods, services, capital, and people across the globe.
Trade Policy and Trade Politics
In: New York University journal of international law & politics, Band 25, Heft 2, S. 281
ISSN: 0028-7873
Trade flows and trade disputes
In: The review of international organizations, Band 10, Heft 2, S. 145-177
ISSN: 1559-7431
World Affairs Online
Digital Trade in Free Trade Agreements
In: Forthcoming in Encyclopedia of International Economic Law, 2nd ed., edited by Krista Nadakavukaren Schefer and Thomas Cottier (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2023)
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