Suchergebnisse

Fiscal decentralization is seen as part of a reform agenda in developing countries to strengthen regional and local governments. It is believed that it improves the efficiency of public service delivery through preference matching and allocation efficiency. In light of this, this study was conducted to assess the practices of Woreda level fiscal decentralization in Addis Ababa City Government. In doing this study, explanatory mixed method research design was followed. Subjects of the study were government officials working in selected Woredas and sub-cities of Addis Ababa city. In the study, multi-stage sampling technique was used to select representative respondents. To this effect, one hundred ninety-two participants were selected using multi-stage sampling technique. Besides, sub-city and Woreda Finance and Economic Development Bureaus officials were purposely selected to conduct key informant interviews. The data gathering instruments were questionnaire, key informant interviews, and document analysis. The study followed statistical tests to test the research hypotheses. It applied Kruskal Wallis test of significance. The study involved strict respect for informed consent, voluntary participation, and confidentiality. The findings of the statistics tests indicates that respondents' responses concerning autonomy of Woredas in planning and budgeting, revenue generation and retention, expenditure assignments were significantly different. This implies that there is absence of uniformity in the practices of these aspects of fiscal decentralization in the city. On the contrary, the respondents' response concerning the functionalities of institutional and legal frameworks, inter-governmental fiscal relations, challenges, and constraints of fiscal decentralization, were not significantly different. In general, the practice of fiscal decentralization in the city was limited as existing institutional and legal frameworks were in short of clarity and uniformity. Respondents stated that Woreda administrations had weak revenue base, and need clear planning and budgeting, and expenditure assignment autonomy. Based on the findings of the study, the research hence recommended that existing institutional and legal frameworks should be structured in the way that it enables Woreda administrations to generate and utilize sufficient revenues, plan and budget their own activities, have clear autonomy of expenditure assignments. Inter-governmental fiscal relations should also be planned to reduce the vertical imbalances observed at Woreda Administration level.

True this paper it would be analyzed sub-municipal government as a organizational form of local governance with comparative perspective, and elements which generally formed sub-municipal government as a tools for delivery of local public services and managing of local initiatives which are important for the local community. These two roles are crucial for understanding of dynamic in sub-municipal government. Special focus would be held on sub-municipal government in South- Eastern European countries, which they have a common history and institutional framework, with the main question: how can sub-municipal government contribute to strengthening of decentralization and democratic processes in the local community directly and, indirectly in whole society. Self-government systems which are highly decentralized usually have developed sub-municipal government. On the other side, in centralized countries sub-municipal government usually has reduced role which is connected with managing of public tasks connected with local community needs. The main question is how sub-municipal government can improve decentralization, and how those efforts at the end of the day contribute to better development of whole society. ; U radu se analizirala institucija podopćinskog poglavarstva kao organizacijski oblik lokalne uprave sa komparativnom perspektivom i elementi koji su općenito činili podopćinsku vlast kao oruđe za pružanje lokalnih javnih usluga i upravljanje lokalnim inicijativama važnim za lokalna zajednica. Ove dvije uloge su ključne za razumijevanje dinamike u podopćinskoj vlasti. Poseban fokus stavljen je na podopćinske vlasti u zemljama jugoistočne Europe, koje imaju zajedničku povijest i institucionalni okvir, s glavnim pitanjem: kako podopćinska vlast može pridonijeti jačanju decentralizacije i demokratskih procesa u lokalnoj zajednici izravno i neizravno u cijelom društvu. Sustavi samouprave koji su visoko decentralizirani obično imaju razvijenu podopćinsku upravu. S druge strane, u centraliziranim zemljama podopćinska vlast obično ima smanjenu ulogu koja je povezana s upravljanjem javnim zadacima povezanim s potrebama lokalne zajednice. Glavno pitanje je kako pod-općinska vlast može poboljšati decentralizaciju i kako ti napori na kraju dana doprinose boljem razvoju cijelog društva.

There has been increased emphasis in the last three decades on the decentralization of natural resource governance decisions to local government in developing countries as a means of improving environmental quality, public service delivery, and the accountability of local officials. We examine the performance of decentralization of natural resource management services in a large sample of municipal governments in four Latin American countries. Our analysis includes a variety of factors discussed in the literature as important in influencing the responsiveness of government officials to local needs. We provide a nested institutional model in which local officials respond to incentives created by the structure of formal political institutions at both the local and national level. The results provide support for the importance of considering local and national institutional arrangements as these co-determine the political incentives within decentralized systems. Adapted from the source document.

In 1981, the newly elected socialist government of France announced a "vast programme of decentralization". The reforms have changed the politico-administrative landscape of France. This volume asks what changes - if any - occurred and looks at the implications for French public policy-making.

The purpose of this study is to collect and find authoritative legal material (having authority) regarding the issue of constitutional law and to find out what prescriptions (what is required) and how the implications of implementing centralization and decentralization on aspects of constitutional law in Indonesia. This study uses a normative juridical research approach, namely a statutory approach and an analytical approach. The results of the study found that the shift in the direction of the pendulum from centralization to decentralization or vice versa will continue to occur. Confusion or disharmony of laws and regulations caused by innate defects between the central government and regional governments, there tends to be no visible coordination and function of services so the condition of government affairs has implications for. on 3 (three) aspects, (a) constitutional law aspects, (b). agrarian / land law aspects, and (c). managerial aspects. Therefore, the government is expected to continue and continuously make efforts to find a balance between the centralization - decentralization pendulum in order to maintain the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. This becomes very important and becomes a critical issue in realizing the life of the nation and state in accordance with the constitution, the 1945 Constitution.