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Book Reviewed in this artice:Alan Edward Bent, The Politics of Law EnforcementStephen C. Halpern, Police‐Association and Department LeadersRobert Wintersmith, Police and the Black CommunityRichard L. Cole, Citizen Participation and the Urban Policy ProcessDouglas Yates, Neighborhood DemocracyDouglas Cater and Stephen Strickland, TV Violence and the ChildMurad Saifulin, ed., The Future of SocietyVirginia Gray and Elihu Bergman, eds., Political Issues in U.S. Population PolicyJohn C. Hogan, The Schools, the Courts, and the Public InterestEnergy Policy Project of the Ford Foundation, S. David Freeman, Director, A Time to Choose‐America's Energy FutureRobert H. Connery and Robert S. Gilmour, eds., The National Energy Problem.Office of the Secretary General of the Organization for Economic Co‐Operation and Development, Energy Prospects to 1985.Paul W. McCraken, moderator, Is the Energy Crisis Contrived?Richard B. Mancke, Performance of the Federal Energy OfficeMIT Energy Laboratory Policy Study Group, Energy Self‐Sufficiency‐An Economic EvaluationPatricia E. Starratt, The Natural Gas Shortage and the CongressEdward J. Mitchell, ed., Dialogue on World Oil

The financial system in any country plays a critical role in facilitating payment and providing policy and performance anchors to the economy. Therefore, systemic financial distress manifests in industry-level financial distress by front-hitting the financial system first. Financial organizations' failure triggers a domino effect on the whole ecosystem, and therefore financial institutions enjoy various layers of protection when their operations show signs of distress. Several financial industry players worldwide have experienced financial distress in one form or another during episodes of systemic crisis such as the 2008 international financial crisis. Although the distress might not have necessarily led to bankruptcy or liquidation in some cases, it left several questions unanswered, particularly with respect to a leadership role, ecosystem contingencies, and the recovery mechanism. This study scanned recent extant literature on organizational financial distress and identified essential gaps for future research. The study provided a holistic review of antecedents, outcomes, and intra-industry characteristics of financial distress. The study found that the leadership role as an orchestrative agent in an organizational ecosystem has not been adequately addressed in the extant literature. The study contributes to the literature by clarifying leadership aspects of systemic financial distress by placing leadership within the core of the financial ecosystem before, during, and after distress. Outcomes and recommendations for future research are proposed.

This article presents a literature review of the relationship between leadership and community participation to identify the research topics underpinning the studies and theoretical works in this domain. A systematic review of electronic sources was conducted, covering the period from 1990 to 2015. A total of 1.890 articles in the social sciences were identified, and the full texts of 17 articles were reviewed in detail. The criteria used in selecting articles with key theoretical and empirical contributions were the number of times an article was cited and the relevance of the topic. The results were exploited through a comprehensive review. The articles discuss different modes of community participation that have been divided into the categories of leadership in professional communities, leadership in relation to family participation, and leadership in relation to other community members. It has been identified that there are fewer works that include integrative approaches in terms of dialogical leadership among all community members. This review suggests a need to further investigate the leadership dynamics that, through community participation, may result in improvements for society.

"The Routledge Companion to Literature and Human Rights provides a comprehensive, transnational, and interdisciplinary map to this emerging field, offering a broad overview of human rights and literature while providing innovative readings on key topics. The first of its kind, this volume covers essential issues and themes, necessarily crossing disciplines between the social sciences and humanities. Sections cover: - subjects, with pieces on subjectivity, humanity, identity, gender, universality, the particular, the body; - forms, visiting the different ways human rights stories are crafted and formed via the literary, the visual, the performative, and the oral; - contexts, tracing the development of the literature over time and in relation to specific regions and historical events; - impacts, considering the power and limits of human rights literature, rhetoric, and visual culture. Drawn from many different global contexts, the essays offer an ideal introduction for those approaching the study of literature and human rights for the first time, looking for new insights and interdisciplinary perspectives, or interested in new directions for future scholarship" --

Literature was a significant vehicle for ecological thinking in the post-World War ii Soviet Union. In early 1950 a group of Russian writers known as 'villagers' advanced environmental themes, equating preservation of the environment in the face of frenzied industrialization and modernization with the preservation of Russian culture itself. The work of the villagers – so known for their focus on the history and condition of the Russian village – reached its peak in the 1970s when many of them had gained a following among the Soviet intelligentsia as a result of their critical stand on the socialist transformation of rural areas and their advocacy for the protection of land, forests, and rivers. In this period, environmental, social, and moral motifs were artfully presented in village prose. From the mid-1980s a nationalistic element came to dominate their art. In the post-Soviet period this tendency deepened, leading finally to marginalization of village prose.

Confronted with the task of writing a chapter on "History as Literature" for the volume on Persian historiography in the newHistory of Persian Literature,I found myself asking, "What does this title mean? And what might it imply?" In medieval Islamicate societies, "history" (Arabicta˒rīkh,Persiantārīkh)referred both to a specific discipline and to works dealing with the objects of that discipline. If, as written works, histories may be broadly classed as "literature" (for which neither Arabic or Persian had a corresponding term until the modern period), this might suggest that historians placed style over substance, or/and that history is "imaginative writing" and may, as such, contain an element of "fiction." Indeed, as I shall note below, recent research on Arabic historiography (which poses somewhat different problems, in the main, than does Persian) has argued that many of the "historical" accounts which appear therein are, in fact, "fiction" passed off as history.

One of the most famous figures in the world literature of the twentieth century is Lu Xun. Lu Xun has an irreplaceable place in the history of Chinese literature not only as a writer, but also as one of the signatures that shaped modern literary thought and introduced Chinese literature to the world. The writer began his artistic career with essays, and later wrote different kind of stories, and published a book of poems. Lu Xun, who was interested in European and Russian literature from a young age, underwent a fundamental change in his literary thinking by translating various writers, and later tried to reflect it in his stories. The author of the books "Call to Arms", "The True History of Ah-Q" and numerous critical articles and essays, always tried to demonstrate the problems of his people. Bringing the shortcomings that hindered the development of society to the literary level, Lu Xun considered literature to be the best method of struggle. The article examines Lu Xun's life and creativity, the socio-political events that brought him to literature, and analyzes his stories from different periods. He enunciated the realities of his time and the difficult life of an oppressed Chinese man in his stories. The author, who turned ordinary people into heroes of the story, fought for modern thought without forgetting the tradition and denying Confucianism. Writing his stories in a colloquial Bay-Hua language was also a new phenomenon in the history of Chinese literature. Throughout the article, Lu Xun's stories that differ in plot and composition, such as "Kong Yiji", "Medicine", " A Madman's diary"", "An incident", are taken as the subject analysis. The ideological and artistic features of these stories were studied, the theme and content were analyzed.

Indian Legal literature is comprehensive and exhaustive in that it fully encompasses the law prevailing in India in all its varied aspects. Statutory law, case law, and minor portions of customary and religion-based laws are well documented and readily accessible. Fortunately, from the point of view of a foreign reader, nearly all of the law currently prevalent in India is available in English.