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L'Europa unita nata in questi ultimi anni è tuttora una creatura in fasce, vittima di un metabolismo interno ancora fragile e poco affidabile, ed esposta alle intemperie del mondo circostante. Gli individui che con tanta cocciuttaggine l'hanno forgiata, avevano una visione ben chiara quando intrapresero la loro opera di unificazione, una visione di un continente politicamente ed economicamente unito, forte abbastanza da dire la sua in ambito di politica internazionale e di reggere l'urto di economie e mercati più robusti o che attraversano una fortissima crescita. Ma se il destino prefissato per l'Europa dai suoi creatori è ben chiaro, il percorso che dovrebbe condurre ad esso si sta rivelando pieno di insidie e contrattempi, frutto anche in maniera determinante di un'identità storico-culturale ancora fragile e per la ricerca della quale si è, forse, fattomeno che in ambito economico-amministrativo. Tra le tante problematiche che deve affrontare oggi l'Europa, ce ne sono due che richiedono maggior attenzione e che destano maggiore preoccupazione: I. una costituita dalla resistenza interna al processo di unificazione che periodicamente si incespica in delle bocciature referendarie – gli esempi di Francia ed Olanda sono quelli più recenti. II. un' altra esterna, costituita dalle tensioni e dalla contrapposizione con alcune realtà estreme del mondo islamico. In ambedue i casi viene chiamata in causa l'identità dell'Europa, la ricerca di un comune denominatore storico-culturale, un tema che negli ultimi anni sta impegnando molti studiosi e pensatori, proprio perché è imperativo per le varie componenti europee trovare delle basi comuniper forgiare un'unione che dovrebbe andare al di là di una semplice architettura politico-economica. L'Europa deve sforzarsi di trovare delle radici comuni, forti abbastanza da costituire un collante duraturo tra i vari popoli che la compongono. ; peer-reviewed

Defence date: 6 October 2000 ; Examining Board: Prof. S. Cassese; Prof. M. Clarich; Prof. L.M. Díez Picazo (Supervisor); Prof. J. Ziller ; First made available online on 28 February 2018

This book suggests a new explanation of the European Union's legal system, emphasising its break with the inter-state retaliation mechanisms and how Europe's special form of legal integration is facilitated by intra-industry trade, parliamentary forms of national government, and European welfare states.

Osnovni cilj Europske Unije je promicati mir, stabilnost i gospodarski razvoj u državama zapadnog Balkana, a posljedično i integriranje ovih zemalja u EU. Danas Crna Gora, Srbija, Sjeverna Makedonija i Albanija imaju status zemlje kandidata za ulazak u EU, a Bosna i Hercegovina i Kosovo status zemlje potencijalnog kandidata. Najizgledniji ulazak u Europsku Uniju u bliskoj budućnosti imaju Srbija i Crna Gora koje su napravile već veliki iskorak na svom pristupnom putu, dok druge zemlje također teže bržoj integraciji. Među mnoštvom problema s kojima su suočene, prije svega lošim susjedskim odnosima, uzrok sporog integracijskog procesa leži i u tome što domaće političke elite teško pronalaze kompromis između onoga što Europska Unija zahtjeva od svake države kandidatkinje i onogo što očekuje domaća javnost. Ipak, politika širenja EU-a nalazi se u osnovi nastanka i razvoja EU-a, pa u bliskoj budućnosti možemo vjerovati da će zemlje zapadnog Balkana vremenom integrirati u Europsku Uniju. ; The main goal of the European Union is to promote peace, stability and economic development in the countries of Western Balkans , and consecutively, integration of the aforementioned countries into the EU. Today, Montenegro, Serbia, Northern Macedonia and Albania have the status for future membership of the EU while Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo have the status of potential candidates. Serbia and Montenegro have already made a major leap forwards on their access path, have the best prospects for entering the EU in the near future, with the other countries also striving towards a faster integration. Amongst a myriad of problems they're facing, first and foremost being bad relations with neighbouring countries, the cause for a slow integration process lies also in the fact that domestic political elites find it hard to compromise between what the EU demands of each candidate country and what domestic public expects. However, the EU expansion policy is in the heart of its origin and development. Therefore, it is likely that the Western Balkans countries will eventually enter the EU in the near future.

"This book sheds an innovating light on a topic of major scientific as well as practical interest that has seldom been dealt with in a comprehensive way: the relations between EU and non-EU countries and nationals, as far as social security is concerned. These are dealt with in a number of contributions by eminent international experts. First, the internal co-ordination of the European Union in relation with third country nationals is analysed. The ways the social security systems of the EU Member States are being co-ordinated with those of the Mediterranean emigration countries are examined in a second contribution. The EU-EFTA social security arrangements are explored in a third one. An overview of the complex landscape of the existing bilateral and multilateral social security instruments binding EU states and non-EU states is given in a next one. A fifth contribution deals with the European and international law applicable to the social security of illegal foreign workers. The contributions were presented at a conference held on 2 April 2009 in Leuven, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the Master of European Social Security."--Publisher's description

The aim of the article is to present a practical and methodological approach to assessing the energy security of European countries, with particular focus on states with coal-dependent energy systems and on finding balance between ensuring energy security, diversification of energy resources and environmental protection. As energy security means technically reliable, stable, cost-effective and environmentally balanced supply of energy resources to satisfy the needs of the economy and the population, the author proposes an indicator that takes into consideration different components, and can be a helpful tool in designing energy policies. The article also discusses using the energy potential of closed coal mines.

The aim of the article is to present a practical and methodological approach to assessing the energy security of European countries, with particular focus on states with coal-dependent energy systems and on finding balance between ensuring energy security, diversification of energy resources and environmental protection. As energy security means technically reliable, stable, cost-effective and environmentally balanced supply of energy resources to satisfy the needs of the economy and the population, the author proposes an indicator that takes into consideration different components, and can be a helpful tool in designing energy policies. The article also discusses using the energy potential of closed coal mines.

The aim of the article is to present a practical and methodological approach to assessing the energy security of European countries, with particular focus on states with coal-dependent energy systems and on finding balance between ensuring energy security, diversification of energy resources and environmental protection. As energy security means technically reliable, stable, cost-effective and environmentally balanced supply of energy resources to satisfy the needs of the economy and the population, the author proposes an indicator that takes into consideration different components, and can be a helpful tool in designing energy policies. The article also discusses using the energy potential of closed coal mines.

This paper makes an empirical assessment of the relationship between financialisation and real investment by non-financial corporations using panel data composed of 27 European Union countries over 19 years (from 1995 to 2013). On one hand, financialisation leads to a rise in financial investments, deviating funds from real investments ("crowding out" effect). On the other, pressures from shareholders to intensify financial payments restrict the funds available for new real investments. We estimate an aggregate investment equation with the traditional variables (profitability, debt, cost of capital, savings rate and output growth) and two further measures of financialisation (financial receipts and financial payments). Findings show that financialisation has damaged real investment in European Union countries, mainly through the channel of financial payments either in interest or dividend payments. It is also found that the prejudicial effects of financialisation in investment are more marked in more financialised countries. In addition, it is concluded that debt has a harmful effect on real investment as the increasing levels of non-financial corporations' indebtedness prevent the use of new debts to finance real investments. ; FCT

Working papers com arbitragem científica ; This paper makes an empirical assessment of the relationship between financialisation and real investment by non-financial corporations using panel data composed of 27 European Union countries over 19 years (from 1995 to 2013). On one hand, financialisation leads to a rise in financial investments, deviating funds from real investments ("crowding out" effect). On the other, pressures from shareholders to intensify financial payments restrict the funds available for new real investments. We estimate an aggregate investment equation with the traditional variables (profitability, debt, cost of capital, savings rate and output growth) and two further measures of financialisation (financial receipts and financial payments). Findings show that financialisation has damaged real investment in European Union countries, mainly through the channel of financial payments either in interest or dividend payments. It is also found that the prejudicial effects of financialisation in investment are more marked in more financialised countries. In addition, it is concluded that debt has a harmful effect on real investment as the increasing levels of non-financial corporations' indebtedness prevent the use of new debts to finance real investments. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion