Suchergebnisse

In his last speech as President of the European Parliament, on 16 December 2022, addressed to the heads of state of the European Union and entitled "Europe must show allegiance to its citizens", David Sassoli underlines the importance of thinking about the Europe of the future. Bearing in mind the history and memory of the continent, the roots of the Euroean culture and its long traditions of humanistic and scientific knowledge, he presents three axes of development - innovation, protection and dissemination - for a Europe that must be thought of as a project, dynamic, hopeful, young spirited and faithful to its humanist and democratic basis.

In 2015, Miguel Real publishes O último europeu 2284 (The Last European 2284), where he conducts, through the tale of an ideal and utopian city, an analysis of a European Union crumbling around all sorts of conflicts. In the current context, does Europe have a future? Is the future of a community compatible with human nature? These are the questions we will be reflecting upon in this article, through the study of this work.

This article looks at the privileged relationship that David Sassoli had with Portugal at a time when the presidency of the European Parliament was shared with the presidency of the Council of Europe entrusted to António Costa. President Sassoli's speeches at the Social Summit held in the city of Porto on 7 and 8 May 2021 represent the synthesis of his socio-cultural and geopolitical vision. The Conference on the Future of Europe, which opened on 17 June 2021, ended when unfortunately Sassoli had already left us.

The turbulent events of Stalin's 'Great Break' have often been seen as a turning point and the beginning of a Stalinist politics sensu stricto. A sharp philosophical debate occurred at this turning point. This chapter discusses how this shift occurred in Soviet Marxist philosophical circles. It analyses the concept of 'Menshevising Idealism', an idea coined (maybe by Stalin himself) during the philosophical campaign around the year 1930. It targeted mainly the Deborin school of early Soviet philosophy. Deborin and his supporters were accused of 'Hegelianising' Marxism and of not understanding the significance of the new, Leninist stage of Marxist theory. The concept of Menshevising Idealism has later almost unanimously been viewed by scholars as a Stalinist label without any real content. While it is true that Stalin and his circle utilised the campaign against the Deborinites for their own purposes, there nevertheless were some real weaknesses in the philosophy of the Deborin School. One sign of this weakness is that such thinkers as Georg Lukács, Mikhail Lifshits and, later, Evald Ilyenkov all criticised the Deborin School even though they did not accept the Stalinist methods of its suppression.

Revolution Beyond the Event brings together leading international anthropologists alongside emerging
scholars to examine revolutionary legacies from the MENA region, Latin America
and the Caribbean. It explores the idea that revolutions have varied afterlives
that complicate the assumptions about
their duration, pace and progression, and argues that a renewed focus on the
temporality of radical politics is essential to our understanding of
revolution. Approaching revolution through its relationship to time, the book
is a critical intervention into attempts to define revolutions as bounded events
that act as sequential transitions from one political system to another. It pursues
an ethnographically driven rethinking of the temporal horizons that are at
stake in revolutionary processes, arguing that linear views of revolution are inextricably
tied to notions of progress and modernity. Through a careful selection of case studies,
the book provides a critical perspective on the lived realities of
revolutionary afterlives, challenging the liberal humanist assumptions implicit
in the 'modern' idea of revolution, and reappraising the political agency of
people caught up in revolutionary situations across a variety of ethnographic
contexts.

Nikolai Bukharin's (1888–1938) anti-fascist activity in the mid-1930s and his status as a cultural theoretician have been a neglected topic thus far. After losing his position as General Secretary of the Comintern's executive committee and being expelled from the Politburo in 1929, Bukharin still found a platform as the chief editor of Izvestiya, in which he published several analyses of fascist ideology until his arrest in 1937. As a response, and in order to surpass the achievements of German high culture, which had fallen under the spell of bourgeois fascism, Bukharin relied on his own interpretation of Marxist philosophy, which he had sketched already in the 1920s but tried to 'dialecticise' in the 1930s after being criticised for his overly mechanistic views. The apex of these aspirations are his works Philosophical Arabesques and Socialism and its Culture, written in 1937 while in prison. Both are in many respects rather enigmatic works. In them, Bukharin defended socialist humanism as the only real alternative to fascism. At the same time he was not only silent about the crimes of Stalin, but he also considered the violent and dictatorial features that became branded as Stalinism abroad as a necessary 'destructive' force in the dialectical process of history of building communism. In this chapter, Vesa Oittinen and Elina Viljanen analyse the premises of Bukharin's philosophy of culture and explain its repercussions.

This open access book features contributions from a multidisciplinary team of leading and emerging scholars focused on democratization of risk assessment, management, and communication. The volume identifies and sheds light on key risk governance dilemmas related to public trust, risk perception and public participation. The first part of the book articulates the relationship among science, expertise, deliberation and public values, featuring an in-depth analysis of the concept of 'motivated reasoning,' and the role of trust, values and worldviews in understanding and addressing contemporary controversies over risk decision-making. The volume's second part features eight case studies from three policy fields – energy, genomics, and public health – and a special section dedicated to vaccine decision-making for Covid-19. Chapters analyze the level, nature and mechanisms of public involvement in risk decision-making, assessing its contribution to the effectiveness and legitimacy of decisions. The case studies focus predominantly on Canada, but they draw on global scholarship and are of direct relevance for scholars and practitioners of risk governance in any country.

Listing every right that a constitution should protect is hard. American constitution drafters often list a few famous rights such as freedom of speech, protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, and free exercise of religion, plus a handful of others. However, we do not need to enumerate every liberty because there is another way to protect them: an ""etcetera clause."" It states that there are other rights beyond those specifically listed: ""The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."" Yet scholars are divided on whether the Ninth Amendment itself actually does protect unenumerated rights, and the Supreme Court has almost entirely ignored it. Regardless of what the Ninth Amendment means, two-thirds of state constitutions have equivalent provisions, or ""Baby Ninth Amendments,"" worded similarly to the Ninth Amendment.

This book is the story of how the ""Baby Ninths"" came to be and what they mean. Unlike the controversy surrounding the Ninth Amendment, the meaning of the Baby Ninths is straightforward: they protect individual rights that are not otherwise enumerated. They are an ""etcetera, etcetera"" at the end of a bill of rights. This book argues that state judges should do their duty and live up to their own constitutions to protect the rights ""retained by the people"" that these ""etcetera clauses"" are designed to guarantee. The fact that Americans have adopted these provisions so many times in so many states demonstrates that unenumerated rights are not only protected by state constitutions, but that they are popular. Unenumerated rights are not a weird exception to American constitutional law. They are at the center of it. We should start treating constitutions accordingly.

Dieses Open-Access-Buch analysiert Praktiken der Wiedereingliederung von Beschäftigten mit psychischen Erkrankungen in drei Unternehmen in der Schweiz. Ausgehend von den konkreten Handlungsproblemen der Akteurinnen und Akteure wird die These entwickelt, dass betriebliche Arbeitsintegration zu einem wesentlichen Teil "Rechtfertigungsarbeit" bedeutet. Eingeschränkte Leistungsfähigkeit und Maßnahmen zur weiteren Beschäftigung werfen – gerade im Falle nicht direkt wahrnehmbarer Gesundheitsprobleme – Rechtfertigungsbedarf im Unternehmen auf. "Rechtfertigungsarbeit" kann darin bestehen, die kooperative Haltung der Betroffenen gegenüber dem Betrieb zu bekräftigen oder plausibel zu machen, dass sie in ihrer Arbeitsstelle trotz der Erkrankung weiterhin leistungsfähig sein werden. ; Dieses Open-Access-Buch analysiert Praktiken der Wiedereingliederung von Beschäftigten mit psychischen Erkrankungen in drei Unternehmen in der Schweiz. Ausgehend von den konkreten Handlungsproblemen der Akteurinnen und Akteure wird die These entwickelt, dass betriebliche Arbeitsintegration zu einem wesentlichen Teil "Rechtfertigungsarbeit" bedeutet. Eingeschränkte Leistungsfähigkeit und Maßnahmen zur weiteren Beschäftigung werfen – gerade im Falle nicht direkt wahrnehmbarer Gesundheitsprobleme – Rechtfertigungsbedarf im Unternehmen auf. "Rechtfertigungsarbeit" kann darin bestehen, die kooperative Haltung der Betroffenen gegenüber dem Betrieb zu bekräftigen oder plausibel zu machen, dass sie in ihrer Arbeitsstelle trotz der Erkrankung weiterhin leistungsfähig sein werden.

This book examines the impacts of land tenure reform interventions implemented in Benin, Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Zimbabwe.

Since 2000, many African countries have introduced programs aimed at providing smallholder farmers with low-cost certificates for land held under customary tenure. Yet there are many contending views and debates on the impact of these land policies and this book reveals how tenure security, agricultural productivity, and social inclusion were affected by the interventions. It analyses the results of carefully selected, authoritative studies on interventions in Benin, Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Zimbabwe and applies a realist synthesis methodology to explore the socio-political and economic contexts. Drawing on these results, the book argues that inadequate attention paid to the core characteristics of rural social systems obscures the benefits of customary tenure while overlooking the scope for reforms to reduce the gaps in social status among members of customary communities.

This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of land management and use, land and property law, tenure security, agrarian studies, political economy, and sustainable development. It will also appeal to development professionals and policymakers involved in land governance and land policy in Africa.

A cross-disciplinary volume that combines and puts into dialogue perspectives on disasters, this book includes contributions from anthropology, history, cultural studies, sociology, and literary studies. Offering a rich and diverse set of arguments and analyses on the ever-relevant theme of catastrophe in the circum-Caribbean, it will encourage debate and collaboration between scholars working on disasters from a range of disciplinary perspectives.

Politisches Denken und Handeln setzt immer schon ein Bild vom Menschen voraus und doch bleibt der Mensch als politisches Argument häufig im Dunkeln. Frauke Höntzsch skizziert eine politikwissenschaftliche Anthropologie, deren Ziel es ist, die Struktur und den Status anthropologischer Argumente im politischen Denken offenzulegen, um sie so der Kritik zugänglich zu machen. Die Systematisierung anthropologischer Argumente im politischen Denken zeigt dabei nicht nur die Anthropologiekritik als anthropologische Argumentation, sondern generiert mit den untereinander konkurrierenden paradigmatischen Vorstellungen des Menschen zugleich ein politikwissenschaftliches Analyseinstrument.

The essay highlights the role played by Trentin in the dialogue with the social partners, which was promoted by the President of the European Commission Jacques Delors with the Val Duchesse talks. It analyzes, in particular, the editing of the social protocol in Maastricht Treaty in 1992, and reflects on the consequences of this collaboration at the national level: his commitment to the Europeanization of CGIL and to the Italian adherence to the parameters set by the Maastricht Treaty. In particular, the agreement reached on the 23rd July 1993, still testifies to the fundamental contribution made by the three unions and, in the case of CGIL by Bruno Trentin, to the anchoring of Italy to the process of European integration and to Euro, and which were the outcomes of Trentin and Delors' collaboration.

The poems and short stories here presented represent a tribute to David Sassoli and aim to reflect on the present and future time of Europe and on the European values defended by Sassoli.

Immer schneller, weiter, mehr! Bei diesem leistungsorientierten Diktum sind arbeitsbezogene Gesundheitsgefahren allgegenwärtig. Sozialpolitisch wird deren Vorbeugung in der betrieblichen Prävention fokussiert, die traditionell an der Unfallverhütung und der männlichen Industriearbeit orientiert ist. Im Kontrast dazu steht die Forderung spätmoderner Dienstleistungsgesellschaften nach mehr Flexibilität und Einsatzbereitschaft. Marie Jelenko untersucht, wie die Bewältigung von erhöhten Anforderungen und das damit verbundene Gesundheitsrisiko auf den Schultern des Individuums abgeladen werden.