Frontmatter --Contents --Introduction --Part One. Government Use of Religious Practices, Communications, and Symbols --Part Two. Forms of Government Aid to Religious Institutions and Individuals: Financial Support and Exemptions --Part Three. Discourse Regarding Religion within Public Schools --Part Four. Considerations and Questions that Cross the Range --Part Five. Religious Convictions, Public Reasons, and Political Choices --Conclusion --Notes --Acknowledgments --Index
"When the Founders penned the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution, it was not difficult to identify the "persons, houses, papers, and effects" they meant to protect; nor was it hard to understand what "unreasonable searches and seizures" were. The Fourth Amendment was intended to stop the use of general warrants and writs of assistance and applied primarily to protect the home. Flash forward to a time of digital devices, automobiles, the war on drugs, and a Supreme Court dominated by several decades of the jurisprudence of crime control, and the legal meaning of everything from "effects" to "seizures" has dramatically changed. Michael C. Gizzi and R. Craig Curtis make sense of these changes in The Fourth Amendment in Flux. The book traces the development and application of search and seizure law and jurisprudence over time, with particular emphasis on decisions of the Roberts Court. Cell phones, GPS tracking devices, drones, wiretaps, the Patriot Act, constantly changing technology, and a political culture that emphasizes crime control create new challenges for Fourth Amendment interpretation and jurisprudence. This work exposes the tensions caused by attempts to apply pretechnological legal doctrine to modern problems of digital privacy. In their analysis of the Roberts Court's relevant decisions, Gizzi and Curtis document the different approaches to the law that have been applied by the justices since the Obama nominees took their seats on the court. Their account, combining law, political science, and history, provides insight into the court's small group dynamics, and traces changes regarding search and seizure law in the opinions of one of its longest serving members, Justice Antonin Scalia. At a time when issues of privacy are increasingly complicated by technological advances, this overview and analysis of Fourth Amendment law is especially welcome--an invaluable resource as we address the enduring question of how to balance freedom against security in the context of the challenges of the twenty-first century"--
The article investigates the conceptual aspects of the definition of «national minority» in the science of constitutional law. It is alleged that in modern constitutions reflected some conceptual approaches to the subject composition of national minorities requires their comprehensive review and scientific analysis in terms of contemporary processes of European integration in interstate implementation of universally accepted standards, principles and norms of human rights, citizen and social groups. The analysis found that conceptually and methodologically constitutional and legal status of national minorities in modern states is based on the dialectical unity of ethnic and political discourses that collectively make it possible to allocate national minorities as special subjects of constitutional relations and as object of the constitutional regulation ; Стаття присвячена дослідженню концептуальних аспектів визначення категорії «національні меншини» в науці конституційного права. Стверджується, що у сучасних конституціях відображені певні концептуальні підходи до суб'єктного складу національних меншин, що вимагає їх всебічного розгляду та науково-практичного аналізу з точки зору сучасних процесів європейської міждержавної інтеграції в частині імплементації загальновизнаних стандартів, принципів і норм у сфері прав людини, громадянина і соціальних груп. В результаті проведеного аналізу встановлено, що концептуально і методологічно конституційно-правовий статус національних меншин в сучасних державах базується на діалектичній єдності етнічного і політичного дискурсів, які у сукупності дають можливість виділити національні меншини в якості окремих суб'єктів конституційно-правових відносин та об'єкта конституційно-правового регулювання.
Summary: The purpose of this work is to examine whether it is possible to establish what is referred to as independent administrative authorities in the comparative legal literature. in Argentinian public law. To this end, it is recalled that one of the strong ideas of the 1994 constitutional reform was the attenuation of presidential turmoil. It examines the notion of independence that often characterises these authorities, links them with other decentralised public administration entities, explores arguments questioning their legitimacy from the perspective of the executive's responsibility for the functioning of the administration and analyses the possible constitutional framework of this type of entity, while noting that some such entities already exist in Argentina. It is concluded that they can be regarded as contramayoritarian institutions, created by law, which can serve as a counterbalance under certain conditions. the executive branch, which may fall within the framework of the Argentine Constitution. ; Resumen: El propósito de este trabajo es analizar si es posible establecer lo que la doctrina comparada denomina "autoridades administrativas independientes" en el Derecho Público Argentino. Para ello se recuerda que una de las ideas fuerza de la reforma constitucional de 1994 fue la atenuación del presidencialismo. Se examina la noción de independencia con que suele caracterizarse a estas autoridades, se las relaciona con otros entes de la administración pública descentralizada, se exploran los argumentos que cuestionan su legitimidad desde la perspectiva de la responsabilidad del Poder Ejecutivo sobre el funcionamiento de la Administración y se analiza el posible encuadre constitucional de este tipo de entidades, al tiempo que se observa que ya existen algunos entes de esas características en Argentina. Se concluye que ellos pueden ser considerados instituciones contramayoritarias, creadas por ley, que pueden servir de contrapeso ―bajo ciertas condiciones― al Poder Ejecutivo y que pueden tener cabida ...
This book explains the challenge of constitutional pluralism and its importance, showing its theoretical and practical relevance, and giving a sense of why the existing scholarship on the matter is unsatisfactory. The work explores how legal practitioners and theorists have faced the challenge of a society living under two constitutions at the same time. This comes as the European Union, which legally and politically integrates Europe and seems to challenge the view that no State can simultaneously abide by both the venerable national constitutions and the ever-developing EU constitutional law, is increasingly torn between calls for closer integration to face collective challenges and mounting Euroscepticism and nationalism. This work employs a strongly pluralist perspective and a comparative methodology, and looks at constitutional crises outside the EU to ground the claim that pluralism and conflicts are essential elements of modern constitutions. It shows how the challenge of constitutional pluralism depends on a mistaken interpretation of positivist theory and how the latter, reinterpreted in a manner close to legal realism, has the resources to explain pluralism. Finally, the book addresses the issue of constitutional conflicts within the EU: it examines in detail recent cases of open disobedience to EU law by national courts and distinguishes physiological conflict from constitutional pathology. This work will be of particular interest to students and academics in Law and Political Science. It will also be compelling reading for scholars in general jurisprudence, EU law, constitutional and comparative constitutional law, and the history of European integration.
"There is widespread agreement that democracy today faces unprecedented challenges. Populism has pushed governments in new and surprising constitutional directions. Analyzing the constitutional system of illiberal democracies (from Venezuela to Poland) and illiberal phenomena in "mature democracies" that are justified in the name of "the will of the people," this book explains that this drift to mild despotism is not authoritarianism, but an abuse of constitutionalism. Illiberal governments claim that they are as democratic and constitutional as any other. They also claim that they are more popular and therefore more genuine because their rule is based on conservative, plebeian, and "patriotic" constitutional and rule of law values rather than the values liberals espouse. However, this book shows that these claims are deeply deceptive- and constitute an abuse of constitutionalism and the rule of law, not a different conception of these ideas."--
Chapter 7. Investigation and Responsibility -- Legal Aspects of Common Interest by Gunilla EdelstamChapter 8. Third Parties Protection in Administrative Procedure Law by Jacques Ziller; Comment by Andrew Le Sueur; Chapter 9. Expert Influence in Unilateral Single Decision Making by Jean-François Lafaix; Expert Influence in Unilateral Single Decision Making. Comment by Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem; Chapter 10. Decision-Making and Information Management by Diana-Urania Galetta; Chapter 11. Conclusions by Eberhard Schmidt-Aßmann.
"What difference does law make in immigration policymaking? Since the 1970s, networks of progressive attorneys in both the US and France have attempted to use litigation to assert rights for non-citizens. Yet judicial engagement - while numerically voluminous - remains doctrinally curtailed. This study offers new insights into the constitutive role of law in immigration policymaking by focusing on the legal frames, narratives, and performances forged through action in court. Challenging the conventional wisdom that 'cause litigation' has little long term impact on policymaking unless it produces broad rights-protective principles, this book shows that legal contestation can have important radiating effects on policy by reshaping how political actors approach immigration issues. Based on extensive fieldwork in the United States and France, this book explores the paths by which litigation has effected policy change in two paradigmatically different national contexts"--
The constitutionality of regulating corporate expenditures : a brief analysis of the Supreme Court ruling in Citizens United v. FEC -- Legislative options after Citizens United v. FEC : constitutional and legal issues -- Campaign finance policy after Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission : issues and options for Congress -- Testimony of Laurence H. Tribe ... -- Testimony of Monica Youn ... -- Supreme Court of the United States syllabus : Citizens United v. Federal Elections Commission.
Every day, Internet users interact with technologies designed to undermine their privacy. Social media apps, surveillance technologies, and the Internet of things are all built in ways that make it hard to guard personal information. And the law says this is okay because it is up to users to protect themselves--even when the odds are deliberately stacked against them. In Privacy's Blueprint, Woodrow Hartzog pushes back against this state of affairs, arguing that the law should require software and hardware makers to respect privacy in the design of their products. Current legal doctrine treats technology as though it were value-neutral: only the user decides whether it functions for good or ill. But this is not so. As Hartzog explains, popular digital tools are designed to expose people and manipulate users into disclosing personal information. Against the often self-serving optimism of Silicon Valley and the inertia of tech evangelism, Hartzog contends that privacy gains will come from better rules for products, not users. The current model of regulating use fosters exploitation. Privacy's Blueprint aims to correct this by developing the theoretical underpinnings of a new kind of privacy law responsive to the way people actually perceive and use digital technologies. The law can demand encryption. It can prohibit malicious interfaces that deceive users and leave them vulnerable. It can require safeguards against abuses of biometric surveillance. It can, in short, make the technology itself worthy of our trust.--
In recent decades, religion's traditional distinctiveness under the First Amendment has been challenged by courts and scholars. As America grows more secular and as religious and nonreligious convictions are increasingly seen as interchangeable, many have questioned whether special treatment is still fair. In its recent decisions, the Supreme Court has made clear that religion will continue to be treated differently, but we lack a persuasive account of religion's uniqueness that can justify this difference. This book aims to develop such an account. Drawing on founding era thought illumined by theology, philosophy of religion, and comparative religion, it describes what is at stake in our tradition of religious freedom in a way that can be appreciated by the religious and nonreligious alike. From this account, it develops a new framework for religion clause decision making and explains the implications of this framework for current controversies regarding protections for religious conscience
Federal information security and data breach notification laws / Gina Stevens -- Privacy protection for customer financial information / M. Maureen Murphy -- Online data collections and disclosure to private entities : selected federal laws and self-regulatory regimes / Kathleen Ann Ruane -- Selected laws governing the disclosure of customer phone records by telecommunications carriers / Kathleen Ann Ruane.
""Vorwort""; ""Erster Beratungsgegenstand: Das Gesetz als Norm und Maßnahme""; ""1. Bericht von Professor Dr. Christian-Friedrich Menger""; ""2. Mitbericht von Dozent Dr. Herbert Wehrhahn""; ""3. Aussprache""; ""Zweiter Beratungsgegenstand: Das besondere Gewaltverh�ltnis""; ""1. Bericht von Professor Dr. Herbert Kr�ger""; ""2. Mitbericht von Professor Dr. Carl Hermann Ule""; ""3. Aussprache""; ""Verzeichnis der Redner""; ""Verzeichnis der Mitglieder der Vereinigung der Deutschen Staatsrechtslehrer""; ""Satzung der Vereinigung""
Приводится обзор круглых столов «Научное знание, законодательство и практика в учебном и процессе по конституционному и муниципальному праву: проблемы интеграции», «Конституционализация отраслей российского права: понятие, способы, пределы» и «Конституционно-правовое обеспечение энергетического суверенитета», проведенных в рамках III Московского юридического форума и X Международной научно-практической конференции (Кутафинских чтений). ; The article provides an overview of the round table discussion titled "Scientific knowledge, legislation and practice in the learning process on the constitutional and municipal law: problems of integration ", "Constitutionalization of branches of the Russian law: concept, methods, limits" and "Constitutional and legal support for energy sovereignty", held as part of III Moscow Legal Forum and the X International Scientific and Practical Conference "Kutafin Readings." This article provides information about the speakers and topics of their presentations.
