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This week The Axe Files team is sharing an episode of CNN's The Assignment with Audie Cornish. Each week Audie pulls listeners out of their digital echo chambers to hear from the people who actually live the headlines. From the sex work economy to the battle over what's taught in classrooms, no topic is off the table. For this episode, Audie talks to two parent activists turned elected school board officials about what motivated them to run for office and the changes they hope to make while in power.
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Judicial mediation, being essentially policy-driven, has been widely practiced in China without a solid theoretical and institutional framework. In an authoritarian state, while politics and law serve as normative restraints on judges from acting on their personal preferences, they are not the exclusive reasons shaping judicial behavior. Judges are not just policy maximizers or mechanical legalists. They are human beings. Beyond law and politics, which has been the focus of prior research on judicial mediation in China, how will other factors influence individual judicial behavior in China? The role of judicial mediation and informal justice in contemporary China also begs further questions. How do the gains of efficiency and substantive justice compare with the potential losses of procedural protections? Is the mandate of the judges to resolve the disputes between the parties by the most appropriate means, or is it only an attempt to render and enforce an authoritative binding decision? Do judges see themselves as a dispute resolver to resolve the immediate conflicts between the parties or as a guardian of justice that transcends the parties? Through a series of interviews of Chinese judges in six courts in three different cities at different stages of economic developments, the research provides an empirical narrative on how judicial mediation is actually practiced in China, and analyzes values and limitations of judicial mediation. The paper empirically illustrates the multiplicity of influences on judicial behavior in China, including personal motivations (such as promotion and sense of honor), identity (such as judges' seniority and position in the court, their age, professional competence, social experience, and personal characteristics), consideration of the possible reactions from other relevant actors (such as external pressure from political leaders, risks of appeal, remand or overrule from higher courts, and possible petitions from disputants), as well as cognitive biases (such as human sentiments, empathy, and emotions). The study also reveals the perception of the role of judges in China. The Chinese judges believe that their role is to proactively assist the parties in resolving their conflicts in the most appropriate means, which is not limited to rendering and enforcing binding decisions. They also tend to seek substantive justice in resolving the immediate disputes between the parties, with less attention paid to the procedural protections.Conceptually, the paper aspires to contribute to the field of comparative judicial behaviour, which shifts the focus of traditional comparative law on the legal structure, argument, and interpretation to a positive perspective, striving to describe and explain judges' choices and their consequences through empirical methodologies. This study attempts to expand our inquiry beyond the focus on the role of politics and law when analyzing judicial behavior. The paper advocates for a combination of different approaches, drawing upon methods in economics, sociology, social psychology, organizational sociology, political economy, and behavior economics.

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. Right-wing populist movements and related political parties are gaining ground in many EU member states. This unique, interdisciplinary book provides an overall picture of the dynamics and development of these parties across Europe and beyond. Combining theory with in-depth case studies, it offers a comparative analysis of the policies and rhetoric of existing and emerging parties including the British BNP, the Hungarian Jobbik and the Danish Folkeparti. The case studies qualitatively and quantitatively analyse right-wing populist groups in the following countries: Austria, Germany, Britain, France, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Italy, Netherlands, Hungary, Belgium, Ukraine, Estonia, and Latvia, with one essay exclusively focused on the US. This timely and socially relevant collection is essential reading for scholars, students and practitioners wanting to understand the recent rise of populist right wing parties at local, countrywide and regional levels.

DURING AN EXPERIMENT WITH THE FAMILIAR BOARD GAME MONOPOLY, BREAKS WERE IMPOSED IN THE GAME, AT WHICH TIMES THE PLAYERS WERE ALLOWED TO ELECT ONE OF THEIR NUMBER WHO WOULD BE GIVEN THE POWER TO CHANGE THE RULES. THE EXPERIMENT WORKED LIKE A CHARM AND PROMPTED BEHAVIOR SIMILAR TO POLITICS IN THE REAL WORLD. THE PARTICIPANTS THEMSELVES DISCOVERED THE RESEMBLANCE AND WROTE PAPERS ON WHAT HAD OCCURRED.

The purpose of this paper is to offer a critical evaluation of representative positions in the feminst sexuality debate and to suggest that ethical considerations are essential to the complex task of political transformation which is the goal of both sides in the debate. This paper explores both a "rights view" of ethics and a "responsibilities view" and shows, through specific examples, how an appeal to ethics might take feminist sexual politics beyond the current debate.

This innovative text addresses the lack of literature regarding intersectional approaches to psychoanalysis, underscoring the importance of thinking through race, class, and gender within psychoanalytic theory and practice. The book tackles the widespread perception of psychoanalysis today as a discipline detached from the progressive ideals of social responsibility, institutional psychotherapy, and community mental health. Bringing together a range of international contributions, the collection explores issues of class, politics, oppression, and resistance within the field of psychoanalysis in cultural, theoretical, and clinical contexts. It shows how, in contrast to this misperception, psychoanalysis has been attentive to these ideals from its origins, as well as demonstrating how it continues to be relevant today, through wide-ranging conceptual discussions of the anti-globalization, Black Lives Matter, and #MeToo movements. Written in an accessible style, Psychoanalysis, Politics, Oppression and Resistance will be essential reading for practicing psychoanalysts as well as academics and students in a range of humanities and social sciences fields.

Taiwan's democracy and freedom of the press provide the Chinese authorities with an opportunity to use Taiwanese businessmen to influence Taiwan's media outlets and politics. China uses three inter-related strategies to influence Taiwan's media in this way: persuading businessmen with pro-China views to purchase Taiwanese media outlets, pressuring existing media owners, and placing advertisements in Taiwan's media in order to purchase political influence. In addition, the Chinese government also employs cyber-propaganda strategy to attack Taiwanese political parties and politicians.

Medicaid is the single largest public health insurer in the United States, covering upwards of 70 million Americans. Crucially, Medicaid is also an intergovernmental program that yokes poverty to federalism: the federal government determines its broad contours, while states have tremendous discretion over how Medicaid is designed and implemented. Where some locales are generous and open handed, others are tight-fisted and punitive. In Fragmented Democracy, Jamila Michener demonstrates the consequences of such disparities for democratic citizenship. Unpacking how federalism transforms Medicaid beneficiaries' interpretations of government and structures their participation in politics, the book examines American democracy from the vantage point(s) of those who are living in or near poverty, (disproportionately) Black or Latino, and reliant on a federated government for vital resources.

Explores the theoretical building blocks of people-building, & especially the role of "constitutive stories" in politics to explain the importance of race in US nationality & citizenship laws. The politics of people-building continues throughout the nation's history. It is both maintained & modified from the prior sense of political identity & requires a significant degree of exclusion. The American Revolution strengthened concepts of white identity & supremacy because of the economic interest to justify slavery & the occupation of tribal lands. Americans need to analyze the challenges, dangers, & opportunities that constitutive stories offer to create civic stories that will build society in morally defensible ways. 47 References. L. A. Hoffman