Suchergebnisse

The research on proximate determinants of fertility was carried out based on the condition of fertility in Papua which is still high compared to national figures and the use of modern contraception tends to decrease according to several periods of Indonesian Demographic and Health Surveys (IDHS). The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social, economic, demographic factors and the proximate determinant of fertility in Papua. This study is a secondary data the 2017 IDHS, analysis using descriptive and multivariate with multiple logistic regression test. The results show that Papuan women's education has a dominant effect on the duration of marriage and the use of contraception. The higher education level will likely increase the use of contraception and the length of marriage. This can be used as a foothold in the planning and implementation of population control programs, in this case, is the regulation and restrictions on future births. Birth control programs through the Population, Family Planning, and Family Development Program need to synergize with other government programs, especially with the Education Program for Papuan women in planning, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating programs of course. An approach to traditional leaders is needed since customs and traditions greatly affect all aspects of Papuan people's lives. The traditional leader's advice and suggestions are very well heard by people. The traditional leader's communication, information dissemination, and education to program targets really need to be strengthened. This method is certainly implemented by all levels of the program area, but especially in the field lines that are very close to the target.

Building Dignified Worlds examines how contemporary collectives are designing alternative economies. Contemporary collectives differ markedly from previous groups associated with revolutionary politics. Instead of assembling large groups of workers around labor issues, these new collectives creatively arrange diverse peoples, animals, natural environments, and technologies around economic concerns. Like older forms of leftist organizing, these collectives seek to bring about change. However, rather than working to overthrow and replace an underlying capitalist system with an equally totalizing alternative like socialism, they experiment with new forms of economic life. As Gerda Roelvink notes, current markets are better conceptualized as dynamic social networks open to intervention fey innovative social movements that do not simply protest but actively forge functional alternatives. Radical scholars have theorized social transformation as a performative act and have provided extensive analysis of how discourse shade the world through language and is materialized in bodies and practices. Until now through little has been written about the geographical nature of collective associations "performing" new worlds. Taking actor-network and performativity theories of action as starting points, Roelvink reveals how the relational and geographical nature of performative action is central to the ways in which hybrid collectives strive to create alternative economies.

This study was conducted since there is a problem of limited social studies learning source for junior high school or SMP. Mostly, teachers only provide textbooks or other learning material, but do not use environment as the source of social studies learning. Thus, learning source which uses environment is highly needed, such as role Dynamics of Asy-syuro Mosque in 1912-2015, which aims to increase students' enthusiasm in learning social studies in class and to make students understand the lesson more easily because they can see it directly. In this research, the case study method was used because the researcher carefully observed the role of Asy-syuro Mosque in the Pre Independence (1912-1945) and the Post-Independence (1949-2015) periods. Data collection technique of this study was through Literature study, Observation, interview, and documentation study. The subjects of this study are the family of the mosque's founder, Asy-syuro Mosque management, Cipari village's elders, social studies teachers, and students of MTs Ponpes Cipari. Based on the research, it is found that Asy-syuro Mosque had a quite significant role change in seven aspects (Ritual, Social, Economy, Education, Da'wah, Politics, and Health). The role of Asy-Syuro Mosque in politics in 1912, 1945 and 1949 has values and meanings of great fighting, togetherness, cooperation, and nationalism soul. This case is included into learning source "Message" component. Meanwhile, Asy-Syuro Mosque's role in other aspects, has piety, responsibility, concern, honesty, values and as the application of Social Interaction and Social Motives Economic Action materials. These are included into learning source "Environment" type. Asy-Syuro Mosque is a kind of "Learning Resources by Utilization" which uses environment or surroundings and is relevant to social studies learning material.

Currently, mobile computing is mandating or influencing the direction of new developments in information technology. The high level of adoption that mobile devices have among individuals allows for multiple opportunities for new developments applicable to academic communities, governments and businesses. Data of various types can be collected in a crowd-sourced manner. As such, this thesis examines the collection and application of data collected through a purpose-designed app relying on Bluetooth and geo-location technologies on mobile devices. Through three distinct development iterations and using Bluetooth connectivity, information about connectivity to other mobile devices can be obtained, and in this way the number, type, and device names of "connecting" devices are gathered and stored. Another interesting aspect associated with this type of data collection is that the mobile device may be either moving or stationary during the data collection process. Information can be collected and mined to help map real-life events such as traffic patterns or crowd movement within mass gatherings, as well as ethereal social interactions, and these data can in turn be used as input to various models and simulators. When geo-location technologies are incorporated, a higher level of detail can be obtained on the location of devices. This technology allows for mapping movement and contacts made between people, allowing for the gathering of more detailed social patterns of individuals. As part of this study, the technology developed using Bluetooth connectivity and geo-location is then taken to an additional iteration to develop a mobile system that is able to find and establish direct connections with other individuals and initiate real-life interactions. The work demonstrates that mobile technologies can provide a broad framework of action for the generation and collection of valuable data that can be used for behavioural studies, simulations and other type of research that involves real-life social interactions. ...

In the Nordic EU member states legislation on landlord's and tenant's rights is defined from a socio-economic aspect. The three countries share a common legal »core« which originates from common contract law principles. Tenancy law regulation is different in major areas – especially rent regulation. In other areas the regulation is quite alike and the results are most often a result of trying to keep the balance between the tenant's rights to dispose over a home contrary to the landlord's rights as a property owner. This paper will explore some different aspects of tenancy law regulation – especially the rent regulation regimes in Sweden and Denmark as opposed to the »free market« in Finland. The aim is to draw conclusions on the functionality of the different and whether some things can be learned from the differences in between them. The elements of tenant »ownership rights« in the three countries are also compared and leads up to the question of whether they should be assessed as so important in relation to contractual principles that one can state that a tenant has a »right of ownership« to a home in the three countries. Analysing rent regulation regimes understanding the importance of path dependency and social-economic structures of today, it is not possible to pick a best practice. With regard to the purpose of the rent regulation being protecting of tenants »right of ownership« in the same way as »society« protect true owners, conclusions on how the rent regulation could be constructed can be made.

In the paper, the regularities of the formation of social capital as a component of the problem of capitalization of social interaction have been studied. The methodological approach of the research includes two aspects: theoretical, the purpose of which is to substantiate the theoretical structure of the regularities of the formation of social capital; analytical, according to which the manifestation of the revealed regularities in Ukraine and other countries has been assessed. Four main regularities have been considered (empathy, risk reflectivity, migration impact, norm correspondence), which determine the functioning of the essential elements of social capital, as well as the features of transformation and conversion of its forms. The selection of proper economic indicators that reflect trends in the manifestation of social capital formation has been performed. The results of analytical assessment of the actualization of the specified regularities in Ukraine compared to other countries have been presented. The research revealed that empathy, as a relationship between rationality and sociality of human interaction, constitutes a solid foundation for the development of social capital and has the most vivid and positive manifestations in Ukrainian society when economic agents readily and carefully respond to the needs of their counterparts in social relations. The paper demonstrates the features of the differentiation of forms of social capital according to the direction of internal connections within social networks and the homogeneity (density) of social networks. The determinism of the variability of the forms of social capital is substantiated by the different perceptions of risks by the agents of social interaction. The low tolerance of Ukrainian economic agents to risk has been registered. This determines their preferences regarding participation in vertical and closed social networks. The relationship between migration (mobility) and social trust is revealed. It is argued that the relationship manifests itself in the generally ambiguous impact of immigration to Ukraine and emigration from Ukraine on the functioning of trust networks. This testifies to the possibilities and reserves of managing such an impact to increase social capital in the country. The objective relationship between trust in social norms (the degree of their social recognition and acceptance) and the productivity of social capital is specified. It has been observed that in Ukraine, a critically low level of trust in social norms and norm-setting institutions contributes to the development of corruption and destructive social networks.

Chapter 1. Linkage Between Social and Hydrological Systems to Support Resilience: A Case of Freshwater Wetland in Bangladesh -- Chapter 2. Indigenous Approaches to Disaster Risk Reduction, Community Sustainability and Climate Change Resilience -- Chapter 3. The Adaptation to Climate Change in the Primary Education and Approach from the Social Sciences Textbooks -- Chapter 4. Building Climate Change Adaptation and Risk Knowledge In the Arctic Through Preparedness and Contingency Practices -- Chapter 5. Ecological Resilience for Transformative Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation -- Chapter 6. Mitigating Disaster Risks and Vulnerabilities through Climate Finance and Sustainable Water Management: Policy Considerations for Sub-Saharan Africa and Malawi -- Chapter 7. Assessing Risks and Resilience to Hydro-meteorological Disasters -- Chapter 8. Flood Resilient Plan for Urban Area: A Case Study -- Chapter 9. Flood and Drought Risk Assessment, Climate Change and Resilience -- Chapter 10. Flood Risk Predictions in African Urban Settlements: A Review of Alexandra Township, South Africa -- Chapter 11. Anthropological Study of a Typical Drought Prone Village in India- Strategies for Sustainable Rural Habitat -- Chapter 12. Risk Management of Extreme Precipitation in Mexico: Building Resilience -- Chapter 13. Increasing Temperature Risk and Community Resilience: Urban Aspects -- Chapter 14. Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development -- Chapter 15. Climate Change, Food Security and Resilience: Hydrologic Excess and Deficit Measurement -- Chapter 16. Climate Change and Agro Forestry Resilience Strategy In West Africa'S Cocoa Supply Chain Dynamics -- Chapter 17. Spatial-Temporal Changes of Water Resources: Associated Impact as a Natural Hazard -- Chapter 18. Vulnerability of Climate Change on Water and Sanitation Sectors and Coping Mechanisms by the Communities of Economically Poor Hard to Rich Areas of Bangladesh -- Chapter 19. Climate Governance, Resilience and Enterpreneurship In Nigeria: An Empirical Review.

This publication provides updates on Social Protection Indicators of 13 Pacific developing member countries of the Asian Development Bank. It presents an analysis of 2015 data on social protection programs in the countries, particularly the substantial progress in terms of expenditure and benefit size between 2009 and 2015. Spending favored the nonpoor over the poor. Yet, spending on women remained behind that on men, with the gap even widening. The Social Protection Index—now the Social Protection Indicator—was developed by the Asian Development Bank and its partners as the first comprehensive and quantitative measure of social protection systems in Asia and the Pacific.

Using legal scholar Felix Cohen's philosophy of Indian rights, this article provides a broad interpretive analysis of the American Indian sport imagery issue. The article begins with an introduction to Cohen's work and then elaborates on howWhite privilege operates within the culture. An analysis of various aspects of American Indian sport imagery follows, using a concept Cohen called "transcendental nonsense." Finally, the article concludes with recommendations for how teachers, corporate executives, and government leaders canmove beyond the transcendental nonsense that American Indian mascots and team names represent to a better and more meaningful understanding for both American Indians and non–American Indians.

Los trabajos que integran este libro se proponen identificar y comprender la pluralidad de orientaciones, relaciones y significados que se juegan en el actuar colectivo. La obra se articula en un esfuerzo por captar el carácter híbrido de las prácticas colectivas y descifrar los vínculos que se tejen a partir de éstas entre los actores sociales y las distintas formas del poder político. Estas páginas se interesan por la vida cotidiana, la subjetividad y el discurso, así como por las múltiples formas que adquiere la acción colectiva, e identifican las arenas desde las cuales los actores se definen y redefinen constantemente, reelaboran los códigos simbólicos y pugnan por generar, mantener o transformar sus condiciones materiales, identitarias, políticas...

Within mainland Greek societies, the transition from the Middle to the Late Bronze Age is characterised as having seen considerable social, political, economic and cultural transformations leading to the emergence of palaces. Yet, being the locus of elites, palaces are unlikely to inform us on the way these changes affected the full spectrum of Mainland societies. To achieve this, we turn here to non-palatial dwellings that are increasingly considered a fruitful domain of investigation for exploring broad societal change. In this paper we analyse a sample of 149 domestic buildings, to assess whether social change happening in the Peloponnese at the transition between MH and LH influenced the layout of houses. The investigation reveals macro-trends related to the gradual disappearance of apsidal buildings and the growth of complexity in domestic buildings. This latter aspect seems to be geographically inflected and potentially connected to the unfolding of the trajectory of the Mycenaean palaces.

Abstract
In the context of increasing regulation of social workers internationally, this study examines allegations made to a UK social work regulator, the Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC), by service users and carers. A retrospective review of 134 records relating to such allegations during the ten-year period 2006–2015 was undertaken, representing just over one-third (36.4 per cent) of all allegations received. Allegations were made primarily about family and child-care social workers (91.0 per cent) and reflected the four inter-linking categories of concerns about the honesty of social workers, reports that service users/carers were treated unequally, allegations that social workers failed to demonstrate respect in their interactions with service users/carers, and concerns about technical aspects of social workers' practice. The nature of these allegations forms the acronym HURT that describes both the experiences of service users/carers and the stressful context in which social workers practice. This article concludes that addressing the stress and HURT of both parties is important and makes suggestions regarding how the findings can strengthen the role of the regulator, influence social work practice and empower service users and carers.

"This edited volume explores conceptual and practical challenges in measuring well-being. Given the bewildering array of measures available, and ambiguity regarding when and how to measure particular aspects of well-being, knowledge in the field can be difficult to reconcile. Representing numerous disciplines including psychology, economics, sociology, statistics, public health, theology, and philosophy, contributors consider the philosophical and theological traditions on happiness, well-being and the good life, as well as recent empirical research on well-being and its measurement. Leveraging insights across diverse disciplines, they explore how research can help make sense of the proliferation of different measures and concepts, while also proposing new ideas to advance the field. Some chapters engage with philosophical and theological traditions on happiness, well-being and the good life, some evaluate recent empirical research on well-being and consider how measurement requirements may vary by context and purpose, and others more explicitly integrate methods and synthesize knowledge across disciplines. The final section offers a lively dialogue about a set of recommendations for measuring well-being derived from a consensus of the contributors. Collectively, the chapters provide insight into how scholars might engage beyond disciplinary boundaries and contribute to advances in conceptualizing and measuring well-being. Bringing together work from across often siloed disciplines will provide important insight regarding how people can transcend unhealthy patterns of both individual behavior and social organization in order to pursue the good life and build better societies"--

This article analyzes the causes of the disorder and indiscipline in high schools situated in working-class and immigrant districts in France, taking into account both adolescent street culture and social control in schools. Based on three long-term ethnographic research projects in three locations and social contexts, this article highlights the evolution of order and discipline in high schools, showing differences between France and Brazil. Breaking away from the classic themes of failure, inequalities, and exclusion in schools, I focus on the specific characteristics of adolescent relationships on one hand, and the institutional aspects of social control on the other, focusing particularly on the daily work of supervisory staff in high schools.