Suchergebnisse

In 2023, exactly 10 years have passed since the proclamation by Chinese President Xi Jinping of the One Belt, One Road Initiative (OBOR), which has become the flagship direction of China's foreign policy. OBOR is a combination of two mega-projects – the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR). A special role in promoting cooperation between China and African countries is played by the MSR, which passes through the states of East Africa – Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Madagascar and South Africa. The book "One Belt One Road Initiative and the Construction of the African Continental Free Trade Area" is devoted to the development trends of cooperation between China and African countries within the BRI, as well as assistance from the PRC in the construction of the African Continental Free Trade Area. Yang Baorong and Ma Hanzhi form the core of the team of authors. The book includes several chapters, the third of which is devoted to tying infrastructure under the BRI and helping to build the African Continental Free Trade Area, and the fourth is devoted to political proposals that deserve special attention. Although some conclusions made by the authors are questionable, the book is a major achievement, on the one hand because of its a qualitative analysis of the formation, development and emerging difficulties of economic integration in Africa, and on the other hand, because it reveals the position of China and the Chinese scientific community on promoting dialogue with the countries of the continent within the BRI and promoting free trade between the PRC and African countries. The red thread in the work traces the idea of the importance of the One Belt – One Road initiative for the successful construction of the African Continental Free Trade Area, as well as for the successful implementation of the 2063 Agenda.

Purpose
This paper aims to explore Chinese female international students' construction of global citizenship identity by examining their accumulation of cultural capital in different forms from transnational higher education in the UK.


Design/methodology/approach
Participant observations and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with Chinese female international students at a British university to explore their experiences with transnational higher education, cultural identities, the construction of global citizenship and perceived future job opportunities.


Findings
In this research, participants revealed that accessing a global elite university helps them accumulate institutionalised cultural capital. Embodied cultural cultivation acquired from transnational higher education is justified by students' experiences in the context of transnational higher education. Rising confidence is shown by the participants' narration and global-oriented awareness, which is their ability to understand and respect people from diverse cultural backgrounds, which was developed during their studies in the UK. However, they still realise the potentially difficult conversion of cultural capital to real job competitiveness. Recognition of global citizenship identity may be complicated if students plan to return home after studying.


Research limitations/implications
This study provides further insight into the single-child generation of globally mobile Chinese female international students. Participants were aware of the positive accumulation of cultural capital in its embodied and institutionalised forms obtained from the UK higher education system and its contribution to the construction of global citizenship identity. However, the newly constructed global citizenship identity remains complex. Participants question the extent to which the new identity fits into the Chinese social context if they decide to return home.


Originality/value
To the best of the author's knowledge, the originality of the paper lies in expanding the global citizenship framework with the specific application of Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital to show Chinese female international students' study experiences in UK transnational higher education, rather than addressing the Chinese international student experience in general.

Kamieniec Podolski was the most important fortress of the Polish Republic, defending its southeastern border. Unfortunately, there were no barracks for soldiers in the fortress. Therefore, in the 1780s, their construction began. The project of Jan de Witte, an experienced and distinguished fortifier of the Kamieniec fortress, was rejected, and a new project was commissioned to a young but talented designer, Stanisław Zawadzki (1743–1806). He designed a five-wing building on a square plan, with a central wing that divided the interior into two courtyards. The building was first approved by the Polish king, Stanisław August Poniatowski, and only then they began to look for a site where it could be built. Unfortunately, it was not possible to find a suitable site, which was the reason for changing the location of the barracks several times. The construction of the barracks was entrusted to Hilary Szpilowski (1753–1827), who found many errors in the project. Zawadzki's rare visits made necessary consultations impossible and forced Szpilowski to take independent decisions regarding changes in the building design. The Committee of the Military Department of the Perpetual Council rejected all of Szpilowski's allegations. In this article, a detailed analysis of the solutions introduced at that time was carried out based on the preserved site maps and design drawings. It was shown that the project contained serious errors, especially the mismatch with the existing terrain, which generated a gigantic scope of earthworks, a lack of water supply and sewage disposal, and the lack of a tie beam reinforcing the building. Therefore, contrary to the opinion of the Committee of the Military Department of the Perpetual Council, the entire blame for the poorly designed barracks building and the resulting problems during construction should be placed on Stanisław Zawadzki, not Hilary Szpilowski.

Abstract. This Master's Thesis presents the results of a Critical Discourse Analysis of English-language online news discourse. The qualitative study applied Fairclough's three-dimensional model on analyzing the online news discourse and the Discursive News Value Analysis for the analysis of the online news articles. The research questions were: what news values do the chosen articles foreground, what similarities and differences are there between news outlets under analysis, and what social or political wrongs does the news discourse under analysis sustain? The analysis included nine online newspaper articles in English, five of which had been published in 2017 and four in 2018. The news articles for analysis were collected through the search engine Google and chosen based on the topic of the news: the underground tunnels in Helsinki. In determining the foregrounded news values, the analysis investigated both textual and visual features as a whole. According to the results, the main foregrounded news values in the 9 news articles were Eliteness, Negativity, Timeliness, and Unexpectedness. There were no significant differences between news outlets in the construction of news values, however, some minor differences in the emphasis on Unexpectedness and Timelines were found. The results of this study suggest that the construction of news values is not dependent on time, as the same news topic may be constructed Timely again within a year. Furthermore, according to this study, it seems that news value construction is not dependent on the geographical location, in this case, Australia, the US, or the UK, but further research is needed to confirm that. The results of this study are in line with the previous CDA studies in finding that there are ideological standpoints and binary oppositions in the articles under analysis. For example, there was binary opposition constructed in the articles in the form of winners and losers. The articles represented the tunnels as having been constructed due to Russia's threat and war ...

Tesi en modalitat de compendi de publicacions ; Cementitious materials have one of the highest compressive strength-to-weight ratios compared to other construction materials. Nonetheless, both tensile strength capacity and toughness result to be an order of magnitude less respect to the former, which thereby leads to cracking under tensile stresses caused by service loads. This lack of tensile strength capacity of the material leads to cracking and fragile failure in case the material is insufficiently reinforced. Within this context, fibers can be used in cementitious matrices aiming at enhancing the toughness, energy absorption capacity, post-cracking behavior as well as flexural and tensile strength. Although during the past decades, various types of fibers such as asbestos, steel, glass, and polymeric have been tested in brittle matrices, there have been some disadvantages such as detrimental health effects, high cost, and specifically, substantial environmental footprint. Likewise, based on the statistics, the construction sector is responsible for about 40% of the European Union's total final energy consumption, 35% of its total CO2 emissions, and 45% of waste generation. That is why significant efforts should be devoted to applying the '3Rs' concept of reducing, reusing, and recycling in the building sector and material fabrication. On the other hand, the textile leftover is one of the predominant waste resources worldwide while only less than 20% is being recycled. The textile industry produces textile wastes (TW) from the primary stages of garment production (pre-consumer waste such as fiber, yarn, and fabric) to the end of its useful life (post-consumer waste: discarded clothes). Thus, the reuse of this textile waste in construction is becoming interesting and convenient due to the shortage of natural mineral resources and increasing waste disposal costs. Recently, sustainable fibers produced from renewable, biodegradable, waste, recycled, available, and low-cost resources becoming a focal point. In ...

This study historically examines the formation and development of children's domestic spaces in Turkey from the beginning of the twentieth century to the 1980s. As will be shown, political, cultural, economic, and social turns have influenced the formation of children's space in Turkey in this period. The changing meaning of childhood in Europe since the seventeenth century had become the central element of the construction of idealized middle-class nuclear families in the nineteenth century. In the Ottoman society, observable changes in the thoughts and practices about childhood had begun since the nineteenth century. While the shift in the childhood phenomenon in different societies contains similarities and differences, modernization is the key term that I will coin to explain this complex process. This thesis basically explores children's domestic spaces in Turkey by following the traces of the historical roots of the modern family construction and argues that the construction of a child as an individual cannot be read independently of the defined roles of the nuclear family members. In this way, it discovers the historical traces of the idea that the children should have their own living space within the home, which is one of the prominent issues while emphasizing the 'scientific' background of raising children. This thesis tries to set an original spatial reading on the changes in children's spaces by analyzing the visual materials, mainly taken from architecture magazines, home and life magazines, of the middle and upper-class houses in Istanbul and Ankara. ; Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de çocuk odalarının konut mekânındaki oluşumunu ve gelişimini tarihsel olarak incelemektedir. Tez kapsamında, yirminci yüzyılın başından 1980'lere kadar olan dönüşüm incelenmiştir. İlerideki bölümlerdeki görüleceği gibi bu dönemde yaşanan politik, kültürel, ekonomik ve toplumsal dönüşümler, Türkiye'de çocuk odalarının oluşumunda etkili olmuştur. Avrupa'da on yedinci yüzyıldan itibaren anlamı değişmeye başlayan ...

In this research, we explored the social imaginary that relates to women's sexuality based on the writings of several prominent Indonesian female authors. We argue that the social imaginary is not only a social construction but also a construct created through an individual's active participation. Historically, the social imaginary in Indonesia has been tied to nationalism; however, it has gradually shifted toward the individual perspective. In particular, this study examined the construction of the social imaginary in Indonesia by comparing and differentiating literary works created under two political regimes: the authoritarian New Order regime (1968–1998) and the more democratic Reformasi regime (1999–present), wherein individuals—especially women—were given more space and liberty to participate in the construction of the social imaginary of their sexuality. This study focused primarily on two important research questions. First, how has the social imaginary of women's sexuality, as contested by Indonesian women authors in their literary works, changed from the New Order era to the Reformasi era? And second, how has the re-emergence of religious, political, and social powers during the Reformasi era contributed to authors' contestations of women's sexuality? The content analysis of selected literary works revealed that the social imaginary of women's sexuality changed alongside the changes in Indonesia's political regimes. During the New Order era, the social imaginary was controlled by the hegemonic power of the State. In the early period of Suharto's rule, women authors were co-opted by the State's power, whereas its later years were marked by the struggles of women authors against his authoritarian government. The Reformasi era gave way for liberty in women's discussions of their sexuality, but this freedom was found to be temporary, its ephemerality compounded by new, religiously oriented conservative powers' attempts to push back against the new wave of self-expressive women authors and restore women's ...

The question of how sociality is related to the scientific conception of physical reality brings up a philosophical tension between the conception of science as an autonomous enterprise and the conception of science as one of the various cultural products of society. Basically, there have been two approaches in sociology of science to resolve this tension. On the one side, we encounter classical sociology of science, which defends the autonomy of science while denying any constitutive role to sociality in the formation of the content of scientific theories. On the other side, there is social constructionism, which criticizes traditional sociology of science and reduces the content of scientific theories simply to a function of social structures; to something which is caused, produced or realized directly by social phenomena. This paper aims to show that although social constructionism has a point in its critique of the classical conception of science, this point is never formulated and expressed in a sufficient conceptual rigor and clarity. It will be demonstrated that the basic concept of "social construction" as encountered in the key texts from social constructionism is actually an empty concept because it is transcendentally self-contradictory. Consequently, as the paper argues, the emptiness of the concept of construction leads to an inability in making a distinction between real cases of social construction –if there are any- and cases of politically coercive, brute social interference with science. ; Sosyalliğin, fiziksel gerçekliğin bilimsel kavranışı ile nasıl bir ilişki içinde olduğu sorusu, felsefi bir gerilimi de kendisiyle birlikte gündeme getirir. Bu gerilim, epistemik özerkliğe sahip bir etkinlik olarak bilim kavramı ile, toplumun içindeki çeşitli kültürel ürünlerden birisi olarak bilim kavramı arasında belirir. Bilim sosyolojisinde bu gerilimi çözmek için, temel olarak, iki farklı yaklaşım ortaya çıkmıştır. Bir tarafta, sosyalliğin bilim teorilerinin içeriğinin oluşmasında herhangi bir kurucu ...

The change in production conditions and the consequent change in the exchange systems for goods and values, led contemporary societies to a highly complex process of political, social, economic and cultural organization. The conceived ecosystems, given their interdependence and sophistication, prevent any possibility of a compartmentalized and fragmented analysis about the implications for the subjective constructions of humans who over different times and spaces, undertook physical, critical and creative efforts to carry out such an intent. Although, the results of such an undertaking, affected societies at different stages and in different ways. Therefore, the need for a review of the founding paradigms is clear, once it the accumulation and the consequent equal sharing of the results of the efforts undertaken, were operated by means of looting, slavery, exploitation and exclusion in a continuous and ad infinitum movement that makes inequalities the mainstay of the Anthropocene. Towards that backdrop, this text proposes to problematize the forms of appropriation of subjectivities within the scope of art, considering the link of this field with the dominant values and the constant updates and links, with a view to supporting and feeding a power structure based on paradigm of production, circulation and consumption. The discussion, while indicating the limits and signs of exhaustion of the model in question, identifies subjective constructions that, despite operating in contemporary time space, seem to resist the expropriation of creative force, operating in a movement that opposes temporality and linear productivity, at the same time that questions the dominant paradigms, stressing the current model with expressive, insurgent and disruptive characteristics. It is a construction that moves towards humans, weaving community projects that take up the expressive aesthetic dimension as a possibility for change. ; El cambio en las condiciones de producción y el consecuente cambio en los sistemas de intercambio de ...

The aim of this article is to explore the gradual construction of Afro-descendant identities in Spain based on the cultural and artistic productions generated by the collective itself, in particular by prominent Afro-Spanish authors. Employing documentation and socio-semiotic discourse analysis, it provides a mapping of reference works and research on the subject, and it analyses as a case study the photobook And You, Why Are You Black? by Rubén H. Bermúdez (2018). Acknowledging its enunciation from the margins of the public sphere, we examine the construction of meaning articulated in this verb-visual narrative, where the complex operation of narrating oneself implies a reflexive interaction between the individual and the collective. The analysis, also supported by the author's verbal discourse, is articulated through four key sections, landmarks or key moments: the emergence of negritude as a social stigma; the discovery of role models and new transnational imaginaries; the threat of racism and the limits of the idea of nation; and the encounter with the Afro-descendant community, where a militant political and identity awareness is consolidated. Thus, this research reveals the transfiguration of the subject during an initiatory journey, and it illustrates the dynamic and dialogical construction of identity. ; El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la construcción gradual de identidades afrodescendientes en España a partir de producciones culturales y artísticas generadas por el propio colectivo, en particular por parte de destacados autores afroespañoles. Empleando la documentación y el análisis socio-semiótico del discurso, se plantea un mapeo de obras e investigaciones de referencia en torno al tema y se analiza como caso de estudio el fotolibro Y tú, ¿por qué eres negro?, de Rubén H. Bermúdez (2018). Reconociendo su enunciación desde los márgenes de la esfera pública, examinamos la construcción de sentido empleada en este relato verbovisual, donde la compleja operación de narrarse a uno mismo implica una ...

RESUMEN El enfoque de trayectorias de vida se ha utilizado ampliamente en la investigación social. La habitabilidad de calle y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA) se reconoce como una problemática en salud pública a nivel mundial, si bien se identifica una amplia legislación sobre el tema y en Colombia en las últimas décadas se destacan políticas públicas orientadas a asegurar la inclusión y el logro de derechos en este grupo poblacional, persisten los prejuicios, la estigmatización y las brechas en el logro de sus derechos. Frente a esta realidad el "otro" no se interroga acerca de : ¿Quiénes son?, ¿Por qué llegaron ahí?, ¿De dónde vienen?, ¿Tienen familia?,¿Cómo expresan sus emociones? Las reflexiones que se abordan desde los objetivos planteados en la la investigación sirve de soporte a la construcción del artículo y favorecen la construcción de empatía en la comunidad en general y permiten construir rutas de inclusión desde la salud mental comunitaria. ; ABSTRACT The life trajectory approach has been widely used in social research. The habitability of the street and the consumption of psychoactive substances (SPA) is recognized as a problem in public health worldwide, although extensive legislation on the subject is identified and in Colombia in recent decades public policies aimed at ensuring the inclusion and the achievement of rights in this population group, prejudices, stigmatization and gaps in the achievement of their rights persist. Faced with this reality, the "other" does not question: Who are they? Why did they get there? Where do they come from? Do they have a family? How do they express their emotions? The reflections that are addressed from the objectives set out in the research serve as support for the construction of the article and favor the construction of empathy in the community in general and allow the construction of inclusion routes from community mental health.

Berbagai kajian yang dilakukan terhadap dakwah masih didominasi oleh dakwah dalam bentuk lisan maupun tulisan. Penggunaan media atau suatu tindakan juga sudah memperoleh perhatian sebagai bagian dari dakwah, meski masih belum sebanding dengan dakwah lisan dan tulisan. Artikel ini mengangkat pembangunan fasilitas publik yang dilakukan organisasi Muhammadiyah sebagai bentuk dakwah. Pembangunan fasilitas publik ini kerap dianggap sekadar wujud filantropi. Penulis melihat bahwa pembangunan fasilitas publik adalah bagian dari dakwah yang dilakukan Muhammadiyah. Dengan perspektif komunikasi dari James W. Carey dan komunikasi profetik, proses komunikasi tidak hanya dilihat dalam bentuk lisan, tulisan, atau gestur/tindakan, tetapi juga bentuk lain seperti materi, dalam konteks artikel ini adalah infrastruktur fasilitas publik, yang ditujukan sebagai pengamalan nilai-nilai profetik, termasuk di dalamnya adalah dakwah. Perspektif infrastruktur puitis dari Brian Larkin memungkinkan infrastruktur tidak hanya dilihat dari aspek fungsionalnya saja, tetapi juga aspek politisnya, termasuk nilai-nilai yang dibawa lewat pembangunan infrastruktur. Muhammadiyah dengan nilai Islam modern menerapkan dakwah Islam modern lewat fasilitas publik sesuai kebutuhan masyarakat, pendidikan campuran agama dan sains, dan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR). [Various studies conducted on da'wah are still dominated by da'wah in oral and written form. The use of media or an action has also received attention as part of da'wah, although it is still not comparable to oral and written da'wah. This article discusses the construction of public facilities by the Muhammadiyah organization as a form of da'wah. The construction of public facilities is often seen as just a form of philanthropy. We see that the construction of public facilities is part of the da'wah carried out by Muhammadiyah. With the communication perspective of James W. Carey and prophetic communication, the communication process is not only seen in the form of spoken, written, or gesture/action, ...

Objective: this article proposes two central questions: on the one hand, the thread woven by the gambles on the construction of critical epistemologies is picked up and a course provided to renew the epistemic-political critique of colonial modernity in and from the bodies-territories of the global south; on the other, researchers throw themselves into new challenges to co-construct alternative research methodologies in order to look and speak to collective selves in the present and its socio-historical and socio-territorial context. Methodology: the place of enunciation and discussion is political philosophy in and from Latin America, which implies putting those topics on the agenda that are addressed and focused on the dialogue with other social and human sciences as the principle of construction of this proposal. Thus, this paper addresses the notions of body-territory, living theory understood as the close relationship between narration, testimony and experience – and political intersubjectivity[/i ] to define a situated thought with theoretical-methodological tools that distance themselves from modern logics in pursuit of decolonizing, feminist and community research. Conclusions: The intention is to continue gambling on the construction of critical epistemes and methodologies in context for situated thinking. The researchers believe that for this one must resort to collective and intersubjective political action that is transformative in and with the struggle. Here a response to the question about what happens to bodies-territories is rehearsed, and with it, a response to the questions about what is done, said, and thought as urgent militant investigations. The researchers strengthen the proposal of a contextualized thought, at a distance from an individual colonial and patriarchal rationality, to approach a thought as a place of enunciation and as a place of being, a thought as a territory, as a habitat. ; El presente artículo propone dos cuestiones centrales. Por un lado, recogemos el hilo tejido por las ...

Recent years have seen an upsurge of fictional strategies in contemporary art. Generally referred to as parafiction, these artworks offer a construction of imaginary persons and events that function, and are perceived as real-life entities. As one of its foremost representatives in contemporary art, the Lebanese artist Walid Raad has long turned to fictional strategies in order to question the epistemological instability of various media in the construction of knowledge. Drawing particular attention to the discursive frameworks in which "objective" media participate, the aim of his art is not to deconstruct, but to localize truth. Deliberately blurring the distinction between fact and fiction, I argue in this paper that Raad's art mirrors the aesthetic and epistemological structure of the post-truth era. At the same time, I offer a consideration of the epistemological role of fiction in his work and explore the political importance of parafiction in a post-truth world. instability of various media in the construction of knowledge. Drawing particular attention to the discursive frameworks in which"objective" media participate, the aim of his art is not to deconstruct, but to localize truth. Deliberately blurring the distinction betweenfact and fiction, I argue in this paper that Raad's art mirrors the aesthetic and epistemological structure of the post-truth era. At thesame time, I offer a consideration of the epistemological role of fiction in his work and explore the political importance of parafictionin a post-truth world. ; Son yıllarda çağdaş sanatta kurgusal stratejilerde bir artış görülmektedir. Genellikle "parafiction" olarak adlandırılan bu sanat eserleri, gerçek hayattaki varlıklar olarak algılanan ve işlev gören hayalî kişiler ve olaylardan oluşan bir kurgu sunar. Çağdaş sanatın önde gelen temsilcilerinden biri olan Lübnanlı sanatçı Walid Raad, bilginin inşasında çeşitli medyaların epistemolojik istikrarsızlığını sorgulamak için uzun süredir kurgusal stratejilere yönelmektedir. "Tarafsız" medyanın ...

The global construction sector accounts for 13.2% of the world's gross domestic product (GDP). It not only contributes to the economic growth engine of the world but also climate changes due to its high energy footprint. Sustainable buildings have the potential to reduce the adverse impacts of the construction industry, but their adoption is slow due to hindrances. The aim of this paper is to study literature on barriers to green building adoption to date and highlight the overlapping and unique barriers specific to India in comparison to a few prominent countries, and provide solutions and recommendations for future research. The methodology has been an extensive literature review of the barriers to green building (GB) adoption. The key findings, namely barriers, were classified under economic, governmental, organizational and social perception, information, technology and material categories. Barriers unique to India and a few other developing countries are an extension of project schedules, lack of research and developmental works, lack of public motivation, poor building code enforcement, high payback period, uncertain supply of green materials, improper implementation of policy framework and performance of green building technologies (GBT's). The GB construction sector is fragmented around the world. Even the GB definition is not the same across the globe although the environmental aspect is the same. Similarly, there are unique and overlapping challenges in GB adoption globally. Buildings in usage perspectives can be classified into residential and non-residential. This study looks only at non-residential GBs due to their homogenous nature. There is a dearth of specific studies related to the adoption of GBs in India. This study aims to fulfil the gap of India's standing in the barriers to GB adoption with respect to the developed and developing countries. JEL Classification: I18