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The current historical-educational research responds to the affective turn in the sciences too by incorporating emotions and sentiments as categories of analysis and variables to consider in the processes of teaching, learning, acculturation and socialization. The evidence that they play an active role in cognitive, evaluative and axiological processes and in the formation of individual and collective identities, forces historians of education to examine their sources, contexts, subjects and phenomena paying attention (or at least not ignoring or underestimating) these components of the life experience of all human beings in their personal and social dimensions. The introduction to the special issue provides an overview of the historical development of research on emotions and sentiments focusing mainly on psychology, sociology and neuroscience, mentioning its importance in literature, art and politics, to finish deepening in the social feelings that are involved, influence, shape and are shaped (or constructed, incited, provoked, imposed, suggested.) in the processes of political socialization. Formal, non-formal and informal education, at different times and historical contexts, has been the prime mode of transmission of sociopolitical cultures impregnated with a heterogeneous but unavoidable emotional charge. The articles of the special issue evince through the variety of documentary sources, countries, periods and themes how emotions and sentiments -either being intentionally implemented or simply acting in the phenomena of political socialization- are core elements, and therefore carriers of relevant information, in configuring communication resources, teaching strategies and educational aims. ; La investigación histórico-educativa actual responde también al giro afectivo de las ciencias incorporando las emociones y los sentimientos como categorías de análisis y variables a tener en cuenta en los procesos de enseñanza, aprendizaje, aculturación y socialización. La evidencia de que juegan un papel activo en los procesos cognitivos, evaluativos y axiológicos así como en la formación de identidades individuales y colectivas, obliga a los historiadores de la educación a examinar sus fuentes, contextos, sujetos y fenómenos prestando atención (o al menos no ignorando ni minusvalorando) estos componentes de la experiencia vital de todo ser humano en sus dimensiones personal y social. Esta introducción al monográfico ofrece una visión panorámica de la evolución histórica de la investigación sobre emociones y sentimientos focalizando principalmente en la psicología, la sociología y la neurociencia, sin olvidar su relevancia en la literatura, el arte y la política, para terminar profundizando en los sentimientos sociales que intervienen,influyen, moldean y son moldeados (o construidos, incitados, provocados, impuestos, sugeridos…) en los procesos de socialización política. La educación –formal, no formal e informal– en diferentes tiempos y contextos históricos, ha sido la vía privilegiada de transmisión de culturas sociopolíticas impregnadas de una heterogénea pero inevitable carga afectiva. Los artículos del monográfico muestran a través de la variedad de fuentes documentales, países, épocas y temáticas cómo las emociones y los sentimientos -ya sea implementados intencionadamente o simplemente actuando en los fenómenos de socialización política- son elementos centrales, y por tanto portadores de información relevante, en la configuración de recursos comunicativos, estrategias didácticas y fines educativos.

This book examines how pain and compassionate relief define a line between society's liberal trends and conservative tendencies. Tracing the development of pain theories in politics, medicine, and law, and legislative and social quarrels over the morality and economics of relief, the author points to a tension at the heart of the conservative-liberal divide.

HIGHLIGHT This work aims to rebuild foucaultin reflections on the birth of modernity, with particular attention to the role of capitalism and discipline. The view to be taken is that in the work carried out by Foucault in the first half of the 1970s — especially between 1973 and 1975 — both dimensions appear as two sides of the same process, which establishes a necessary link between them. Thus, this rapprochement, which polemies certain marxists' positions, ultimately seeks to show that investigations into disciplinary power can be seen as a complement, rather than a correction, to the analyses carried out by Marx in El El Capital. ; RESUMEN Este trabajo se propone reconstruir las reflexiones foucaultianas acerca del nacimiento de la modernidad, con especial atención al papel que en ella desempeñan capitalismo y disciplina. La tesis que defenderemos es que en la obra que Foucault desarrolla en la primera mitad de la década de 1970 -especialmente entre 1973 y 1975- ambas dimensiones aparecen como dos caras de un mismo proceso, lo que establece entre ellas un vínculo necesario. Así, este acercamiento, que polemiza con determinadas posiciones marxistas, trata finalmente de mostrar que las investigaciones acerca del poder disciplinario se pueden concebir como un complemento, y no una corrección, de los análisis desplegados por Marx en El capital.

In its 2015 landmark civil rights decision in Obergefell v. Hodges, the Supreme Court finally held that the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the United States Constitution guarantee same-sex couples' marital equality. The Court's unprecedented declaration that the right to marry is a fundamental right under the Due Process Clause strengthened married couples' right to privacy because it subjects government actions infringing on marital unions to heightened scrutiny. The Supreme Court has the option to minimize the impact of Obergefell by interpreting the right to marriage very narrowly—as only encompassing the right to enter into a state-recognized union with another person. However, drawling from Justice Douglas' "penumbras principle" from Griswold v. Connecticut, this Note argues that interpreting the right to marriage to include its peripheral rights, like cohabitating, is the more principled approach. Using this approach, public housing authorities as government entities must prove that policies that disqualify ex-felons and arrestees from residing on their premises—even when their spouses are current residents—are necessary to further a compelling interest and narrowly tailored to be constitutional. Recognizing that a penumbra approach to interpreting the right to marriage would nonetheless leave non-marital families subject to broad governmental interference, this Note concludes by reasoning that non-marital families would have a strong argument that the differential treatment violates the Equal Protection Clause.

John Gastil and Erik Olin Wright propose a hybrid bicameralism, with one chamber composed of elected politicians and the other of ordinary citizens chosen by sortition. Though they envision interactions between the two chambers as a "creative tension," the question of intercameral relations deserves more careful attention. We argue that the chambers would not only have different virtues but also different legitimacies, which might become particularly conflictual if each chamber has the power to veto the proposals of the other, as Gastil and Wright recommend. To imagine these intercameral relations, picture a triangular relationship among the two chambers and the public. To understand how those relationships might develop, we wanted to get a preliminary measure of the public support for each mode of selection. In addition, we sought to grasp current political support for sortition among elected officials. We investigated these questions in Belgium, where the idea of sortition has received particular attention in recent years. We conducted a survey among a representative sample of the Belgian population and Belgian Members of Parliament (MPs) to assess their views of sortition, if it were used for political representation. Beyond our survey findings, we also offer theoretical reflections on the respective legitimacies of elections and sortition—and on their potential antagonisms. This leads us then to consider the effects of different possible distributions of power between the chambers as a crucial determinant of their interactions.

Mit der steigenden Nutzung des Internets wächst auch das wissenschaftliche Interesse an seinem publizistischen Angebot. Aus wissenschaftlicher Perspektive ist es beispielsweise bedeutsam herauszufinden, ob sich die Art der Realitätsdarstellung in klassischen publizistischen Medien und in Onlinemedien systematisch unterscheidet. Aber auch im Zusammenhang mit den medienpolitischen Debatten der jüngeren Zeit wurde die Notwendigkeit evident, einen Untersuchungsapparat zu entwickeln, der es ermöglicht, Onlineangebote systematisch zu erfassen, zu analysieren und zu vergleichen. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob der Kommunikationswissenschaft geeignete Forschungsstrategien und Apparate zur Verfügung stehen, um diese Aufgabe zu erfüllen. Angelehnt an die Erfahrungen mit der Fernsehprogrammanalyse werden im vorliegenden Beitrag in mehreren Schritten die Anforderungen an und spezifischen konzeptionellen und methodischen Probleme einer Strukturanalyse des publizistischen Onlineangebots vorgestellt. Der Zusammenhang zwischen ganz unterschiedlichen multimedialen Elementen macht das Besondere von Onlineangeboten im Vergleich zu traditionellen Medieninhalten aus. Im vorgeschlagenen Analyseapparat zur Struktur- und Qualitätsanalyse von Onlineangeboten ist die formale Einheit der Analyse (Untersuchungseinheit) das Thema, nicht die Kommunikationsform wie beispielsweise Videos, Weblogs, Internetseiten usw. Die ermittelte Themenstruktur bildet gleichzeitig auch die Struktur des Onlineangebots ab. Die themengeleitete Herangehensweise ermöglicht es, die jeweiligen themenzugehörigen Angebotselemente, die auf unterschiedlichen Kommunikationsmodalitäten (text-, bild-, tonbasiert) beruhen können, einzeln zu analysieren. Dabei kann grundsätzlich auf bereits bestehende und erprobte Methoden der Inhaltsanalyse zurückgegriffen werden. Eine horizontale Unterscheidung zwischen angebotszentrierten und nutzerzentrierten Analysen ist nicht erforderlich, da beide Typen nach Bedarf als sich ergänzende Betrachtungsweisen in den Apparat integriert werden ...

Spain has traditionally been one of the EU Member States most identified with the EU's orthodoxy. From 1992 onwards, however, the Spanish attitude seems to be a defence of narrowly defined national interests. Has Spain's policy towards the EU changed substantially? Of course, there are signs of certain changes in traditional behaviours, such as progressively more sceptical and even critical public opinion with the EU and the integration process, or the dissolution of consensus between political parties on European politics. However, the fundamental reason for this change must be sought in redefining the priorities of the EU itself, which are increasingly diverging from Spanish interests. In this new context, the defence of national interests must now be based on traditional negotiating instruments. ; Peer reviewed ; Spain has traditionally been one of the EU Member States most identified with the EU's orthodoxy. From 1992 onwards, however, the Spanish attitude seems to be a defence of narrowly defined national interests. Has Spain's policy towards the EU changed substantially? Of course, there are signs of certain changes in traditional behaviours, such as progressively more sceptical and even critical public opinion with the EU and the integration process, or the dissolution of consensus between political parties on European politics. However, the fundamental reason for this change must be sought in redefining the priorities of the EU itself, which are increasingly diverging from Spanish interests. In this new context, the defence of national interests must now be based on traditional negotiating instruments. ; España ha sido tradicionalmente uno de los estados miembros de la UE más identificado con la ortodoxia comunitaria. A partir de 1992, sin embargo, la actitud española parece ser de una defensa a ultranza de intereses nacionales estrechamente definidos. ¿Ha cambiado sustancialmente la política española ante la UE? Evidentemente, existen señales de ciertos cambios en comportamientos tradicionales, tales ...

The European Union resulting from the Maastricht Treaty (1992) has seen significant changes in its prospects for integration and development in twenty years. During this period, the number of EU Member States more than doubled from 12 to 27, which necessitated the adaptation of the institutions and operation in the context of accelerated treaties; the 2005 draft Constitutional Treaty marking a key point of democratic fixation. In the French referendum on the ratification of the Maastricht Treaty, women's associations had been committed to "yes", but divided or even tortured on the attitude to be held against the 2005 referendum and many of them voted against further European integration along the proposed model. Should it be inferred that the period 1992-2005 was less beneficial for women's rights at European level? Or have other issues emerged within the women's movement, which are more important in determining their position vis-à-vis the constitutional project? In a European area in the process of enlargement, new subjects of women's rights emerged in the 1990s, first and foremost parity and above all in the political sphere. On the basis of accessible documentation, the press, but also recently open archives and oral sources, it is possible to trace historically the path towards parity and women's rights in Europe and to present the debates that have shaped this recent past. ; International audience ; The European Union resulting from the Maastricht Treaty (1992) has seen significant changes in its prospects for integration and development in twenty years. During this period, the number of EU Member States more than doubled from 12 to 27, which necessitated the adaptation of the institutions and operation in the context of accelerated treaties; the 2005 draft Constitutional Treaty marking a key point of democratic fixation. In the French referendum on the ratification of the Maastricht Treaty, women's associations had been committed to "yes", but divided or even tortured on the attitude to be held against ...

Ausgangspunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit ist das Thema der Mitarbeiter*innenbindung in der Kinderund Jugendhilfe (KJH). Der Fachkräftemangel ist bereits auch in der Profession der Sozialen Arbeit
eingetroffen und stellt kombiniert mit Dynamiken des demografischen Wandels, dem ansteigenden
Ausbau der Unterstützungsangebote KJH sowie der Vielfalt an Trägerlandschaften mit einer
Verlagerung vom Arbeitgeber- zum Arbeitnehmermarkt, Organisationen vor Herausforderungen.
Dies erfordert zunehmend gezielte Neuausrichtungen interner Personalbindungsstrategien, womit der
Stellenwert des sog. organisatorischen Commitments in den Mittelpunkt rückt.
Aus der Commitmentforschung ist bekannt, dass bindungsbeeinflussende Determinanten von
vielfältigen Wechselwirkungen der wiederum von Person zu Person unterschiedlich ausgeprägten
Bindungsformen umrungen sind. Somit ist es nicht verwunderlich, dass sich bislang kaum
erfolgversprechende Konzepte etablieren ließen. Diese Arbeit öffnet den Blick für die komplexen
Hintergründe dessen, versucht strategische Handlungsmöglichkeiten für Organisationen der KJH zu
generieren und erörtert überdies die Bedeutung für die Profession der Sozialen Arbeit. Im Zentrum
steht die Frage, welche Faktoren die Bindung der Mitarbeiter*innen an die Organisation beeinflussen
und inwiefern sich empirisch ausschlaggebende Determinanten zur Erhöhung der Bindung identifizieren
lassen. Hierzu wird das Konstrukt der Mitarbeiter*innenbindung mithilfe der wissenschaftlichen
Commitmentforschung erörtert und anhand einer qualitativen Untersuchung mittels fünf
leitfadengestützen Interviews empirisch analysiert.
Die Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass organisatorische Bindung komplex ist und Interdependenzen der
Bindungsformen- und foci das Commitment unterschiedlich beeinflussen. Als empirisch
ausschlaggebende Determinanten kristallisieren sich neben monetären Aspekten, einem subjektiv gut
empfundenen Arbeitsklima, Partizipationsmöglichkeiten sowie einer hohen Kongruenz der Wert- und
Zielvorstellungen zwischen Organisations- und Mitarbeiter*innenseite, vor allem
Weiterentwicklungsmöglichkeiten und die gelebte Führungsphilosophie heraus. Ein
erfolggenerierendes Bindungsmanagement bedarf einer fundierten Gesamtstrategie aus allgemeinen
und subjektspezifischen Maßnahmen. Durch wissensbezogene und innovative Ausgestaltung des
internen Commitmentmanagements können Organisationen der KJH der Profession der Sozialen
Arbeit einen besonderen Beitrag beisteuern, denn ein erfolgreiches Bindungsmangement trägt zur
Qualitätssicherung im Hinblick auf eine wirkungsvolle Soziale Arbeit bei, sofern die aus einer
langfristigen Verbundenheit resultierenden positiven Synergieeffekte von Organisationen
verantwortungsbewusst zugunsten der Organisation, Mitarbeiter*innen sowie Klientel genutzt
werden. Für eine Abmilderung des Fachkräftemangels bedarf es allerdings zusätzlicher
Verbesserungen übergeordneter Makrostrukturen, um einen ganzheitlichen Rahmen zu setzen.

At the heart of recent cultural issues, museum institutions implement a cultural democratization project promoting art and museum spaces accessibility to a diversity of audiences. Based on France's law on museums from 2002, this project is focusing on children and teenagers thanks to the creation of cultural mediation and specific museum offers. Regarded as the visitor of tomorrow, this young audience generates to museums a set of expectations and questionings regarding visitor knowledge, tools for increasing attendance, loyalty and art accessibility. These cultural mediation spaces become an opportunity for tracking visitors' journey and understanding intrinsic points of views. We will study various situationsthroughout the prism of Ergonomics by highlighting encounters with works of art during a guided tour on one hand, plastic and narratives creation during workshops on the other hand. Activity analysis will be an effective way for exploring and improving our understanding of traces of constructive activities and development in order to conceptualize them. These empirical and theoretical contributions will help developing appropriate resources of cultural mediation offers to young audiences and mediation professionals. ; Au coeur des problématiques culturelles récentes, les institutions muséales portent un projet de démocratisation culturelle visant la mise en accessibilité de l'art et de l'environnement muséal à une diversité de publics. Appuyée par la loi française de 2002 relative aux musées, ce projet est d'autant plus accentué à destination des enfants et des adolescents avec la mise en place d'une médiation culturelle et d'une diversité d'offres muséales spécifiques. Considéré comme le visiteur de demain, ce jeune public cristallise un ensemble d'attentes et de questionnements auprès des institutions culturelles en termes de connaissance du public, et de leviers pour la fréquentation, la fidélisation de ces espaces et l'accessibilité à l'art. Ces lieux de médiation culturelle représentent une opportunité pour suivre le parcours des visiteurs et comprendre les diverses dynamiques subjectives à l'oeuvre à travers diverses configurations tout en mobilisant le prisme de l'ergonomie : des rencontres avec les oeuvres en situation de visite d'une part, et des activités de création plastiques et narratives en situation d'atelier d'autre part. L'analyse de l'activité dans ces situations constituera une portée d'entrée privilégiée pour explorer et alimenter notre compréhension des traces des activités constructives et du développement afin de les conceptualiser. Ces contributions empiriques et épistémiques permettront de concevoir un ensemble de ressources et d'offres de médiation culturelle adaptées aux activités du jeune public et aux professionnels de la médiation.

At the heart of recent cultural issues, museum institutions implement a cultural democratization project promoting art and museum spaces accessibility to a diversity of audiences. Based on France's law on museums from 2002, this project is focusing on children and teenagers thanks to the creation of cultural mediation and specific museum offers. Regarded as the visitor of tomorrow, this young audience generates to museums a set of expectations and questionings regarding visitor knowledge, tools for increasing attendance, loyalty and art accessibility. These cultural mediation spaces become an opportunity for tracking visitors' journey and understanding intrinsic points of views. We will study various situationsthroughout the prism of Ergonomics by highlighting encounters with works of art during a guided tour on one hand, plastic and narratives creation during workshops on the other hand. Activity analysis will be an effective way for exploring and improving our understanding of traces of constructive activities and development in order to conceptualize them. These empirical and theoretical contributions will help developing appropriate resources of cultural mediation offers to young audiences and mediation professionals. ; Au coeur des problématiques culturelles récentes, les institutions muséales portent un projet de démocratisation culturelle visant la mise en accessibilité de l'art et de l'environnement muséal à une diversité de publics. Appuyée par la loi française de 2002 relative aux musées, ce projet est d'autant plus accentué à destination des enfants et des adolescents avec la mise en place d'une médiation culturelle et d'une diversité d'offres muséales spécifiques. Considéré comme le visiteur de demain, ce jeune public cristallise un ensemble d'attentes et de questionnements auprès des institutions culturelles en termes de connaissance du public, et de leviers pour la fréquentation, la fidélisation de ces espaces et l'accessibilité à l'art. Ces lieux de médiation culturelle représentent une ...

At the heart of recent cultural issues, museum institutions implement a cultural democratization project promoting art and museum spaces accessibility to a diversity of audiences. Based on France's law on museums from 2002, this project is focusing on children and teenagers thanks to the creation of cultural mediation and specific museum offers. Regarded as the visitor of tomorrow, this young audience generates to museums a set of expectations and questionings regarding visitor knowledge, tools for increasing attendance, loyalty and art accessibility. These cultural mediation spaces become an opportunity for tracking visitors' journey and understanding intrinsic points of views. We will study various situationsthroughout the prism of Ergonomics by highlighting encounters with works of art during a guided tour on one hand, plastic and narratives creation during workshops on the other hand. Activity analysis will be an effective way for exploring and improving our understanding of traces of constructive activities and development in order to conceptualize them. These empirical and theoretical contributions will help developing appropriate resources of cultural mediation offers to young audiences and mediation professionals. ; Au coeur des problématiques culturelles récentes, les institutions muséales portent un projet de démocratisation culturelle visant la mise en accessibilité de l'art et de l'environnement muséal à une diversité de publics. Appuyée par la loi française de 2002 relative aux musées, ce projet est d'autant plus accentué à destination des enfants et des adolescents avec la mise en place d'une médiation culturelle et d'une diversité d'offres muséales spécifiques. Considéré comme le visiteur de demain, ce jeune public cristallise un ensemble d'attentes et de questionnements auprès des institutions culturelles en termes de connaissance du public, et de leviers pour la fréquentation, la fidélisation de ces espaces et l'accessibilité à l'art. Ces lieux de médiation culturelle représentent une opportunité pour suivre le parcours des visiteurs et comprendre les diverses dynamiques subjectives à l'oeuvre à travers diverses configurations tout en mobilisant le prisme de l'ergonomie : des rencontres avec les oeuvres en situation de visite d'une part, et des activités de création plastiques et narratives en situation d'atelier d'autre part. L'analyse de l'activité dans ces situations constituera une portée d'entrée privilégiée pour explorer et alimenter notre compréhension des traces des activités constructives et du développement afin de les conceptualiser. Ces contributions empiriques et épistémiques permettront de concevoir un ensemble de ressources et d'offres de médiation culturelle adaptées aux activités du jeune public et aux professionnels de la médiation.

At the heart of recent cultural issues, museum institutions implement a cultural democratization project promoting art and museum spaces accessibility to a diversity of audiences. Based on France's law on museums from 2002, this project is focusing on children and teenagers thanks to the creation of cultural mediation and specific museum offers. Regarded as the visitor of tomorrow, this young audience generates to museums a set of expectations and questionings regarding visitor knowledge, tools for increasing attendance, loyalty and art accessibility. These cultural mediation spaces become an opportunity for tracking visitors' journey and understanding intrinsic points of views. We will study various situationsthroughout the prism of Ergonomics by highlighting encounters with works of art during a guided tour on one hand, plastic and narratives creation during workshops on the other hand. Activity analysis will be an effective way for exploring and improving our understanding of traces of constructive activities and development in order to conceptualize them. These empirical and theoretical contributions will help developing appropriate resources of cultural mediation offers to young audiences and mediation professionals. ; Au coeur des problématiques culturelles récentes, les institutions muséales portent un projet de démocratisation culturelle visant la mise en accessibilité de l'art et de l'environnement muséal à une diversité de publics. Appuyée par la loi française de 2002 relative aux musées, ce projet est d'autant plus accentué à destination des enfants et des adolescents avec la mise en place d'une médiation culturelle et d'une diversité d'offres muséales spécifiques. Considéré comme le visiteur de demain, ce jeune public cristallise un ensemble d'attentes et de questionnements auprès des institutions culturelles en termes de connaissance du public, et de leviers pour la fréquentation, la fidélisation de ces espaces et l'accessibilité à l'art. Ces lieux de médiation culturelle représentent une ...

Story stem measures are an increasingly popular method for assessing the attachment representations of young children, but little is known of their cross-cultural applicability. This study aimed to characterise the attachment representations in 73 five- to eight-year-old children in urban Ghana, West Africa, using the Manchester Child Attachment Story Task (MCAST) to test its feasibility, psychometric characteristics and concurrent associations with caregiver- and teacher-rated child behaviour, and to conduct a qualitative thematic analysis of methodological observations. Among the classifiable cases (92 percent), all attachment classifications were observed, yielding a higher rate of secure attachment than in European samples. Inter-rater reliability, internal consistency, and internal structure were reasonable and largely similar to European studies, although one structural difference was the separation of 'child assuagement of distress' from other secure-related items. MCAST narratives were associated with teacher- and caregiver-rated hyperactivity, but internal consistency was low in most Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scales. Possible culturally-sensitive explanations for our psychometric and qualitative findings are discussed. Overall, story stems are a promising tool for accessing attachment representations in non-Western samples, although modifications are likely to improve cross-cultural equivalence when applied to non-Western cultures. Further investigation is needed to link MCAST outcomes to parenting and socio-emotional development.

The body has become central to practices of self-tracking. By focusing on the relations between quantification, the body, and labor, this volume sheds light on the ways in which discourses on data collection, office work, and production are instrumental in redefining concepts of labor, including notions of immaterial and free labor in an increasingly virtual work environment. The contributions explore the functions of quantification in conceptualizing the body as a laboring body and examine how quantification contributes to disciplining the body. By doing so, they also inquire how practices of self-tracking, self-monitoring, and self-optimization have evolved historically.