"This book traces the career development and influence on American intellectual life of the first twenty women to earn a PhD in philosophy in the United States. Rogers explores the factors that led these women to pursue careers in academic philosophy, examines the ideas they developed, and evaluates the impact they had on the academic and social worlds they inhabited. This volume investigates not only the success stories of such women as Eliza Ritchie, Julia Gulliver, and Christine Ladd-Franklin, to name a few, but also the policies and practices that made it difficult or impossible for others to succeed"--
Women the term unanimously means the powerful and the strongest gender of the society. Women play a significant role in family and in society. She as a multitasking human being balances both her family and her professional life. The age old society strictly followed the deep rooted patriarchal system which restricted women to step out of their home environment. But as the society tends to change, women realised the urge for gender equality and started to play an inevitable role in all fields of the profession, which led to the emergence of concept named women empowerment and emancipation. Even though women achieved success in different professional fields, when it comes under the banner of politics they are excluded. Women are politically excluded and even woman hesitate to choose politics as their profession. Women, who taste the fruit of success in many professions, still taste bitterness in politics. This theoretical paper aims to throw light on the political exclusion of women. The paper focuses on the challenges for women when they choose politics as their profession. This paper tries toaccumulate the reasons for women's hesitation towards politics. But still few powerful women politicians are effectively performing in India. This theoretical paper also symbolizes those significant women in politics.
Tina Raun anmelder bogen "Women 2003" af Hanne Lise Thomsen (idé og koncept) med tekster af Christina Sofia Capetillo, Christina Hesselholdt og Cecilie Høgsbro.
ch. 1. American women : who are they? -- ch. 2. Women's education -- ch. 3. Women in the labor force -- ch. 4. Women's occupations -- ch. 5. Money, income, and poverty -- ch. 6. Women's health -- ch. 7. Childbearing, contraception, and reproductive rights -- ch. 8. Child care and elder care -- ch. 9. Women in US politics -- ch. 10. Women as victims of crime -- ch. 11. Women as criminals.
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The economic, social and political changes that have occurred in Russia over the last 10 years have had a profound effect on Russian women's lives. Economic reform has brought poverty, insecurity and high levels of anxiety and stress to much of the population, both male and female. The impact of these changes on women was amplified in the early 1990s by their structural positioning both within the workforce and within the population, brought about by the legacies of the Soviet planned economy, Soviet attitudes to gender and long established demographic trends. Alongside these historical influences, 'new' essentialist attitudes towards gender and the appropriate roles and responsibilities of women in post-Soviet Russian society have been strongly promoted through the media, political and social discourses, imposing new pressures and dilemmas on many post-Soviet Russian women.
Numerous women's organisations have been established in Russia since the early 1990s, many of them with a specific remit of helping Russian women to overcome the upheavals and hardships which they face. Struggling to survive themselves with very few resources and minimal external support, Russia's grassroots women's organisations have nonetheless offered practical help and advice and emotional support and solidarity to their members.
This paper is based on the findings of a period of intensive fieldwork carried out in 1995-6 with grassroots women's organisations in Moscow and three Russian provincial centres. It will present the aims, activities and impact of the groups studied. It will also investigate the ways in which these groups and their membership positioned themselves in relation to the development of essentialist attitudes and opinions on gender within Russia on the one hand, and a dialogue with 'western' feminist theory and practice on the other.
