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In almost all the developing countries 'planning' has become the open sesame to an industrial future. Private enterprise, it has been argued, is either incapable or unwilling to provide the investment necessary to develop the world, and therefore the task must be carried out by the state, acting through a wide variety of ministries, nationalized corporations, and 'mixed' businesses in which the state is the main shareholder. But making a plan is not the same thing as carrying it out, as most of the nations of the Third World have discovered to their cost. A new and highly sophisticated administrative structure will be necessary to carry out the national plan, and the existing government systems, which are mostly based on foundations laid when the responsibilities of the central government were very much smaller, are mostly inadequate. This dilemma can be seen most obviously in the case of Brazil, where a strenuous and partially successful effort has been made to reform the administration and to fit it for its new tasks. What lessons can be learnt from the successes and failures of the administrative reform in Brazil?

AbstractProfessional response to childhood sexual abuse has evolved through three stages: (1) discovery of the problem, (2) identification of abuse victims and support for disclosure, and (3) emphasis on forensic issues. The importance of treating victims and offenders is emphasized, as opposed to overinvestment in the validation and prosecution of abuse allegations.

Although some information on the physical abuse of children has been available for some time, the topic of sexual abuse has been neglected until very recently. This selective guide is the first North American resource to gather together diverse information on sexual abuse, including findings about incest, non-family abuse, the offender, legal aspects of sexual offences, and the treatment of the abused. Also included are a recommended basic library on the subject and a list of available films. Designed for educators and students alike in faculties of education, medicine, nursing, and social work, it will also be most useful for in-service training courses in health and welfare institutions and community college courses for para-professionals. Sexual Abuse of Children was selected as an Outstanding Academic Book for 1982-83 by Choice, the journal of the Association of College of Research Libraries, American Library Association

In this highly informative book on the sociocultural interactions between alcoholism and drug abuse, experts explore the relationship of such factors as ethnicity, family, religion, and gender to chemical abuse and address important implications for treatment

In the European Union combating insider violations and market manipulation is one of the key tasks in the domain of legal regulation of the finance market. The EU takes a systems approach to the solution of this problem, as the development of the legal regulation in this field goes the way of enhancing a respective complex of legal norms. In 7 989 the first stage of the development of the EU legal base in the area of combating insider violations was undertaken. In the mentioned year a Council Directive 89/592/EEC on insider dealing was adopted which created the basis for the legal regulation in this field. The document, despite its progressive nature for that time, soon became outdated and no longer could meet the demands of modern finance markets. In 2003 the European Union decided to enhance its legal base and adopted a new Directive 2003/6/ EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on insider dealing and market manipulation (market abuse). This secondary law act, which is still in force, has a much wider scope because its key notion "market abuse" comprises two forms of unlawful actions: insider dealing and market manipulation. In 20 7 7 drafts of new regulatory acts were elaborated - a regulation on insider dealing and market manipulation (market abuse) and a directive on criminal sanctions for insider dealing and market abuse. Should these acts be adopted, the third stage of development of the legal base in this area will begin. This article is aimed at analysing specific features of the second-stage development of the EU legal base and attempting to characterise the main directions of the upcoming reform.

The incidence of drug abuse has become a problem that affects every country across the globe. The intake of substances affects both the physical and mental health of the users and the general public. Many people suffer from various health impairments such as hepatitis, heart attacks, respiratory infections, cancer, and neurological problems that lead to incapacitation and even death. The same thing applies to mental health issues like schizophrenia, anxiety, neuroses, psychoses, depression, and other mental illnesses. These problems have occurred due to the frequent intake of illicit drugs such as opioids and prescription over-the-counter drugs. The available literature reviewed shows the prevalence of drug abuse in the global sphere and Nigeria in particular. The study also shows how the problems become out of control as a result of either corruption among the security agents, drug trafficking and smuggling, or the amount of money involved in the business, which makes the drug barons devise many ways of accessing the drugs whenever the law enforcement agencies try to stop them. The present study investigates the effects of substance abuse on the health of users in Nigeria; the health consequences; the recent trend of substance abuse among youth; and the measures taken by the government to stop the menace. Both primary and secondary sources of data were utilised to collect data through textbooks, journals, internet sources, government and non-governmental agencies' reports, newspapers, and periodicals.