Suchergebnisse

This paper is focused on a celebrated Serbian journalist and liberal, Jovan
Pavlovic, who founded and edited, in the second half of the 19th century,
the following newspapers: Pancevac, Granicar and Novi Granicar. Pavlovic
turned his newspapers into the most militant and the most liberal media
printed in Serbian language in Austria-Hungary in the second half of the
19th century. This paper analyzes the beginnings of Serbian liberal thought
and individuals who were significant for the development of liberal ideas in
the 19th century. The work of Vladimir Jovanovic and other liberals in
Serbia has been considered, including the influence of Svetozar Markovic and
Serbian liberals in Austria-Hungary. The authors analyzed Pavlovic?s
articles in Zastava, Pancevac, Granicar, and Novi Granicar. Pavlovic?s
newspapers supported very liberal and militant attitudes unlike other
printed media throughout the history of Serbian journalism. Pavlovic was
very incisive when writing in anticlerical spirit, and in many of his
articles he criticized church hierarchy. The Eastern question was also
extensively dealt with in his articles. In the history of Serbian
journalism, Jovan Pavlovic has been remembered as a great supporter of human
rights, national liberation and emancipation, as well as a significant
representative of liberal ideas.

AbstractMany of the 138 living languages in Malaysia are listed as endangered and some listed as vigorous are undergoing language shift. Most of these languages are shifting towards Malay, the national language, and to English, an international language. Since standard Malay is the language of instruction in the government schools, many indigenous parents are speaking Malay to their children with the hope of giving them a better start in school. People in a number of the indigenous minority groups in Sabah and Sarawak recognize that language shift is occurring and are taking steps to reverse it. In the past 15 years several of the indigenous minority groups have been engaged in language development projects and, as awareness grows, more groups are joining them. They have developed appropriate writing systems and produced linguistic papers to increase understanding of the vocabulary and grammar of their languages. They have also implemented early childhood education programmes with the intention of increasing the number of speakers of the languages, and raising their status. This article presents some of the methods, activities, successes and challenges that these groups have experienced in their language development projects while seeking to revitalize their vulnerable languages.

Portuguese Language teaching has faced sustained challenges which address both theoretical and methodological issues towards its practice. Such issues refer to significant practices that provide pupils with a responsive language action. In this context, this paper aims to highlight misspellings which entail the interference of oral language into the writing of second year high school students. For this purpose, we seek to answer the following questions: what are the influences/marks of oral language in written texts of high school students? And how to handle these influences and reverse them according to the grammars of Standard Portuguese? Thus, in order to answer these questions, we support our discussion in light of the works of Marcuschi (2008; 2010); Fávero, et al. (2000); Kato (2002); Bortoni-Ricardo (2004; 2005). Through the analyses, we observed that although at the high school level, students still use oral language in their written texts, which implies either little knowledge of grammatical conventions or little mastery of the standard language. In addition, we believe that this influence may be a consequence of the lack of meaningful and oriented readings, which leads to a limited grammatical and enunciative repertoire.

By studying the cultural and aesthetic impact of increasingly pervasive digital technologies and mass amateurization, this paper examines the ramifications of the networked information economy on professional photographic practice and considers the concomitant implications for the photographic classroom. Using the framework of convergence culture as per the writings of Yochai Benkler, Henry Jenkins, Mark Deuze, and Axel Bruns, the impact of accessible and instantaneous image creation and dispersal are explored. Given the rise of consumer engagement in brand co-creation on social media platforms, we can observe massive changes to professional practice in areas such as aesthetics, and the erosion of previous sustainable business models. Indeed, as traditional notions of "expertise" shift from technological prowess to narrative and disseminative abilities, the effects on commercial practice and photographic education need to be addressed. This paper argues that there are three emerging priorities for commercial image use: narrative ability, authenticity, and subjectivity and suggests initial steps in their pedagogical application. By acknowledging these transformations, this paper explores the idea that students need to harness technique, social media influence, adaptability, subjectivity, and storytelling power in order to better serve emerging image-based needs in commercial spaces.

This book is the first sustained investigation of the political dimension in the work of J.G. Ballard. A product of and reaction to the cultural-socio-economic moment commonly designated as the postmodern condition, Ballard's oeuvre is read as a continuous and developing meditation on the postmodern, examining it specifically as an expression of late capitalism. The book shows that at the heart of this meditation lies the question of resistance. Drawing on a wide range of concepts and ideas taken from the field of critical theory, it argues that in the face of a world marked by an unprecedented expansion of capital, in which modernity's grand narratives have been invalidated and in which received forms of political struggle have lost their effectiveness, Ballard's fiction commits itself to a deliberately irrational and extreme, pataphysical thought in order to develop a new discourse of resistance. Against past readings that have construed Ballard's writing as non-political, decadent, or quietist, the study thus reveals Ballard as a thoroughly political author, committed to a subversive politics. In this way, the book also constitutes a timely intervention in the ongoing discussion concerning the nature and state of the political.

The teaching and use of the LIBRAS, in the deaf people education are indispensable for their development, building of their identity, autonomy, beside the communication with the world. The acquisition of the Portuguese Language is part of the regular school curriculum, and its command provides a relationship between language and society, which is mostly formed by hearing and users of this language. There is a concern related to the deaf people education, especially in literacy phase, which consequently extends through all the regular schooling, where the most part of the deaf students are finishing the high school without knowing how to read and/or produce in Portuguese Language. This problem affects the social development of these subjects, since the Portuguese Language is still required as if it were the deaf mother tongue, not respecting his/her culture, that has LIBRAS as their first language. The object of this research it to verify the methods and techniques in the deaf people literacy process and seek for other models, based on bilingual theory, ensuring the acquisition of LIBRAS, as a natural language and the teaching of Portuguese Language in a second language methodology, so that, in fact, the acquisition of reading and writing skills to materialize.

Daniel Bensaïd (1946–2010) was a leading figure of May '68, a Marxist thinker and an influential French public intellectual. His theoretical and political trajectory is divided into two distinct periods separated by the historical turn of 1989: the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of theussr. This also coincided with an existential turn due to his contractingaids, which brought him close to death. After this turn, he played the role of a 'border-crosser' between generations, intellectual currents and geopolitical areas within the radical left. In the 1990s, he began a critical rereading of Marx and tried to transcend Trotskyism, confronting its legacy with other currents of critical thought, notably the Frankfurt School. Since this pivotal moment, his writings reveal a permanent and intense dialogue with the work of Walter Benjamin, which he reinterpreted in a contemporary, political perspective, rethinking the political dilemmas of the twenty-first century through a Messianic vision of history. This article emphasises the affinities between two historical constellations – 1939 and 1989 – which, in spite of their obvious differences, were equally shaped by a feeling of defeat, and allowed a fruitful 'encounter' between French and German philosophers.

Abstract
This article examines the possible roots of the change in cultural attitudes, due to which fashionable objects of animal origin started to be viewed negatively in Russian fashion periodicals and advice manuals of the early twentieth century. Among these influences, we may count the development of the animal protection movement, with the Russian Society for the Protection of Animals established in 1865. Although initially this association was not concerned with fashion, it shaped the notion of the cruel treatment of animals, drawing public attention to this issue. An analysis of non-fiction writing by Fyodor Dostoevsky and Vikentii Veresaev will show that, while the Society's agenda was ambiguous and met with a mixed response, the new sensibilities this group promoted were increasingly internalized by the educated public.
On the other hand, fashion criticism during the era argued that fashion distorts and deforms human shape by giving it animal features – that is, it assists degeneration. A reversal of evolution, in this case triggered by brutality, was similarly evoked by the proponents of animal protection. The newly perceived inappropriateness of certain fashionable objects was thus due to the double 'animality' they were believed to impart to the wearer: that of following the 'fashion instinct' and that of being complicit in violence.

Probably India's best-known documentary film-maker Anand Patwardhan, for close to four decades now, has been raking the country's political consciousness through his films, which delve into the crux of India's social and political lives. In this piece, the editors have put together, with Patwardhan's permission, his writings from his blog ( http://patwardhan.com/wp/ ) on the state atrocities upon Dalits in Maharashtra, the protests through poems and songs by a young group of Dalit activists from Pune—the Kabir Kala Manch (KKM)—and the satyagraha for the freedom of expression by its leaders like Sheetal Sathe; on the Supreme Court judgment that failed the Narmada Bachao Andolan as well as the belief in the justice system, making irrelevant a whole body of evidence built by the Andolan over the years that underlined the huge financial and human costs of the Sardar Sarovar dam project; and on the whole climate of intolerance that was behind the attack on M. F. Husain for his depiction of Hindu goddess Saraswati. This piece also includes a commentary by Alex Napier on Patwardhan's documentary of the Narmada Bachao Andolan, drawn from Patwardhan's blog.  These are important social commentaries of our times.

Action-sentences about states, such as 'North Korea conducted a nuclear test', are ubiquitous in discourse about international relations. Although there has been a great deal of debate in International Relations about whether states are agents or actors, the question of how to interpret action-sentences about states has been treated as secondary or epiphenomenal. This article focuses on our practices of speaking and writing about the state rather than the ontology of the state. It uses Hobbes' theory of attributed action to develop a typology of action-sentences and to analyse action-sentences about states. These sentences are not shorthand for action-sentences about individuals, as proponents of the metaphorical interpretation suggest. Nor do they describe the actions of singular agents, as proponents of the literal interpretation suggest. The central argument is that action-sentences about states are 'attributive', much like sentences about principals who act vicariously through agents: they identify the 'owners' of actions — the entities that are responsible for them — rather than the agents that perform the actions. Our practice of ascribing actions to states is not merely figurative, but nor does it presuppose that states are corporate agents.

The methodological foundations of mainstream economics have been cited as one of the main reasons for its failure to account for the economic crisis of 2008. In spite of this, the status of economic methodology has not been elevated. This is due to the persistent aversion towards methodological discourse by most mainstream economists. The anti-methodology stance has a long presence as exemplified in Frank Hahn's (1992) work. After focusing on the debate originating after the publication of Hahn's arguments, the paper offers a categorization of the main explanations for mainstream methodological aversion. Subsequently, it suggests an explanation based on the role of the physics scientific ideal, arguing that the endeavor to achieve the high scientific status of physics by following the methods of physics, contributed to the negative mainstream attitude towards economic methodology. The relevant writings of the extremely influential mainstream economists Irving Fisher and Milton Friedman, reinforce the assertion that the alleged hard science status of economics renders methodological discussions and especially methodological criticism, rather pointless. The paper also calls for a more systematic discussion of this issue, especially in the wake of the line of argument that links the recent failings of mainstream economics to its methodological basis.

AbstractThe importance of peer adjustment in middle childhood coincides with developing social cognitive and discursive skills that include the ability to make personal narrative accounts. Authoring personal stories promotes attention to the sequence of events, the causal connections between events, the moral significance of what has happened, and the motives that drive human action: these skills may be critical for the establishment and maintenance of satisfying peer relationships during elementary school. This study extended previous research by considering whether narrative skills in written stories about peer interactions predicted peer adjustment. As part of an ongoing longitudinal study, 92 children wrote narratives about peer experiences and completed surveys on measures of peer adjustment for two school years. Cross‐lagged panel models indicated that chronological and thematic coherence and reports of moral concerns in narratives in the first year of the study contributed to lower peer disliking in the subsequent academic year. Reports of motives in Year 1 narratives contributed to lower levels of loneliness and peer victimization in Year 2. Writing personal narratives that are coherent and attentive to moral concerns and motives may be especially beneficial for children who have difficulty connecting with peers. We discuss implications for classroom practices.

In this autoethnographic cartography, I argue for the need for alternative embodied maps for academic life. Using my experiences as a budding pharologist (someone who studies lighthouses), I bear witness to my cultural experience of academia through a collaged autoethnography of mapping and composing space. I bring together autoethnography, theories of cartography, as well as my experiences researching lighthouses as sites of public memory performance, to demonstrate that there is a need in the culture of academia for real discussions about anxiety and similar issues—among faculty and students—and that autoethnography, cartography, and pharology provide an entry into such a discussion. In fragmented sections designed to highlight the ways experiences intertwine, I move through four phases of feeling "blue": the deep blue of confusing academic anxiety and depression; the search for a methodology to lead me to a brighter, more pleasant kind of blue; the research journey that moved me forward; and the "blue sky" blue it led me to. Through autoethnographic writing and stylistic experimentation, I map my experience of journeying through academic anxiety, providing an example of working toward alternative mappings, compositions, and visions of academic life.

AbstractAn important tradition in social policy writing sees the welfare state as an agent of social cohesion against the divisive conflicts of market capitalism. Social policy in the UK is now developing in a way that directly conflicts with this approach. This may signal the future direction of change in other countries, as crisis and slow growth limit available resources, and governments become increasingly committed to a neo‐liberal and consolidation agenda. The 2010 Conservative‐led coalition and 2015 Conservative governments in the UK use social policy to exacerbate and embed social divisions as part of a project to achieve permanent cuts in welfare state spending without damaging their own electoral chances. This article reviews the divisive welfare state policies in relation to taxation, benefits for working age people and for immigrants and between pensioners and non‐pensioners because these groups cover much of welfare state activity and are currently salient in a way that gives the project political purchase. It goes on to argue that the divisions mask a further neo‐liberal long‐term project, facilitated by Brexit, of reducing the proportion of national resources going to all recipients of social spending. In this sense, we are all in it together.

Abstract
MOROCCAN FASHION: DESIGN CULTURE AND TRADITION, M. ANGELA JANSEN (2015) London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 144 pp., ISBN: 9781472524677, h/bk, $89.79
INDIAN FASHION: TRADITION, INNOVATION, STYLE, ARTI SANDHU (2015) 1st ed., London, New Delhi, New York and Sydney: Bloomsbury Academic, 216 pp., ISBN: 9781847887795, p/bk, $29.95
DRESS AND IDEOLOGY, SHOSHANA-ROSE MARZEL AND GUY D. STIEBEL (2015) London and New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 248 pp., ISBN: HB-9781472525499, p/bk, $27.99
FASHION WRITING AND CRITICISM: HISTORY, THEORY, PRACTICE, PETER MCNEIL AND SANDA MILLER (2014) London and New York: Bloomsbury, 151 pp., ISBN: 9870857854469, £19.99
DIANA AND BEYOND: WHITE FEMININITY, NATIONAL IDENTITY, AND CONTEMPORARY MEDIA CULTURE, RAKA SHOME (2014) Urbana, Chicago and Springfield: University of Illinois Press, 272 pp., ISBN: 9780252038730, cloth, $95; ISBN: 9780252080302, p/bk, $30; ISBN: 9780252096686, e-book
COOL SHADES: THE HISTORY AND MEANING OF SUNGLASSES, VANESSA BROWN (2015) London and New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 177 pp., ISBN: 9780857854445, p/bk, £19.99
AFRICA IN THE AMERICAN IMAGINATION: POPULAR CULTURE, RACIALIZED IDENTITIES, AND AFRICAN VISUAL CULTURE, CAROL MAGEE (2012, 2014) Jackson, Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi, 263 pp., ISBN 978-1-617703-152-6 (h/bk), ISBN 978-1- 61703-153-3 (ebook), $55.00