Suchergebnisse

The article addresses the challenges of 21st century public management. It requires good andaccommodating public service, effective management of finances, the adaptation of business managementexperience, the expansion of public services, readjustment of services to segmented society, activecooperation with communities and active help to the sphere of politics. For that purpose, "the newpublic management" methods are being implemented. Authors argue that a "softer" version of "thenew public management" is often identified as "the new office of the state", and is more acceptablefor public management of continental European states (especially Mid-European countries), becauseit promotes the development and expansion of a civil society.

Establishment of Competence Centres is one of the main tasks on the European Union agenda. The article aims to analyse the possible impact such Competence Centres might have in Lithuania. The main purpose of Competence Centre is to encourage science and business collaboration in increasing effectiveness and efficiency of high added value article production. The newly established and currently not wide spread Competence Centres are encouraged by EU: the main goal of Lisbon Strategy is to set up necessary conditions for creation of critical mass in particular research areas. Developing significant European Competence Centres, which would be ready for international collaboration and for attraction of high qualified scientists from all over the Europe, could encourage competitiveness of the region as well as the competitiveness of EU itself. Therefore, this would be a huge step of Lithuania's Knowledge Economy in catching up with the EU innovation leaders. Thus, the article captures: analysis of science and business potential in Lithuania, analysis of success stories of Competence Centres and suggestions on the possible model for boosting the development of Competence Centres in Lithuania.

This paper is devoted to the problem of intangible assets. Questions primarily concerning definitions ofthe intangible asset phenomenon are at the centre of attention from the position of economic and specialaccounting legislation. The problem of set of intangible assets is also monitored here together with allocation(placement) in basic accounting records of a company. The conclusions of this paper demonstrate thelimited possibilities of official (accounting) data structures (including structures for intangible assets), especiallyin comparison with theoretical structures, as derived from the needs of economic practice. On theother hand, however, it is also necessary to take into consideration the relative transparency of the officialintangible asset structures, which provides apparent hope if involving future development in the direction ofgreater reflex in economic reality

Aim of the article is to analyse the causes and practical reforms of the pension system in the European Unioncountries. Another task is to clarify the requirements of the European Union's institutions for the member – statespension system reforms and to sum up the pension system reforms of the European Union member – states.This theme is actual not only in the light of the execution of the reforms of the Lithuanian pension system, butalso because Lithuania is in the middle of co – ordination processes of the European Union.The practical results, presented consequences and conclusions can be used planning future reforms of theLithuanian pension system. Also it may be used as methodical literature studying the actual processes in the fieldof the pension system reforms of the European Union.

The paper aims to evaluate the main features of the creation and development of the integral culturalspace in Europe and the main problems of provision of equal rights in the context of the transition processesin the Central and Eastern Europe.The paper has used the outcomes of the research done over the recent several years, dedicated to thediagnostics of the problems of transformations as well as economic and social development in Central andEastern Europe with a special reference to the development of the integral cultural space and human rights.Major findings show that the creation and development of the integral cultural space in Europe is avery complex and controversial process and in this course various problems and conflicts arise. Therefore, toencourage the creation of the integral cultural space in Europe appropriate cultural policies are necessary tobe implemented in the Europe. These policies may embrace many priorities including– the preservation of cultural diversity;– adaptation and dissemination of integrated European dimensions;– elimination of inappropriate factors within humanism and democracy of all European countries;– provision of equal rights in all groups of modern society.For implementation of key priorities of cultural policies the use of a number of pan-European scalespecial programmes is suggested.The new non-traditional ideas of possible economic and social development in Central and EasternEurope are discussed.

The decision-making process in governments is examined and the role of a number of factors which appearto account for the characteristics of this process is discussed. The object of this article are governments ofLithuania acting during 1990-2000. The analysis concentrates in particular on whether decisions tend to betaken collectively, partially collectively or hierarchically and on the extent to which the decision-making modeltends to be monocratic, collective, ministerial or bureaucratic. The basic source of information was the interviewswith ministers who have served in different cabinets. The unit of analysis was an individual cabinet. Acabinet was defined by three criteria: those of the same prime minister continuously in office, of the same partyor parties in government, and of the same legislative period

In the context of political, economical and cultural changes development of public administration system,when different administration levels competence and interaction processes are adjusted, becomes a never-endingprocess.After end of Lithuanian state territorial higher administration unit (county) formation, problem of localauthority municipal institutions and county governor's institutions interaction and competence determination hasbecome very important. Organization of public and local administration institutions, their competence has beenredistributed many times in order to improve Lithuanian public administration system, understanding that smoothpublic administration system behavior is possible only when all subsystems (administration levels and publicadministration subjects within) are functioning in close interaction.Ongoing and future changes in Lithuanian public administration might be indicated by different concepts ordraft action plans developed in various levels of public administration institutions. In the process of public administrationsystem optimization and development it is advisable to analyze municipal and county administrationinstitutions competence and interaction preparing recommendations for possible reorganization.The purpose of this report is to analyze municipal and county administration institutions', which representdifferent administration levels alternation of competence and interaction during the 1995–2004 period, outliningproblematic areas and present recommendations for problem elimination estimating possible territorial publicadministration system units changes.

This paper investigates the interdependence between organizational forms and the identities ofmanagers and front line personnel of government services. We present a model we call "cultural alternativesof action" of four different identity types and how these comply with four organizational types (formsof bureaucracy). We elaborate on what kind of identity is best suited to the culture of the emerging "new"forms of bureaucracy and we indicate the possibility of a fifth type of bureaucracy. This is an organizationalform that combines innovation, participation and professional pride.

The paper presents an e-government project set up in Italy to build the Normeinrete ("Law on the Net")portal. It offers an information service to citizens providing them with unified access to Italian and EuropeanUnion legislation published on different institutional web sites. The system is based on co-operativetechnological architecture, resulting in a federation of legislative data bases developed on different platforms.Co-operation is achieved by means of suitable application gateways which provide "loose" integrationby adopting two standards for identifying the resources and representing the document structure and metadataby XML mark up according to ad hoc DTDs. The adoption of these standards allows automated dynamichyperlinking among laws and semi-automated building of legislation in force. The approach adopted enablesa good level of integration to be reached among different systems while maintaining the autonomy ofthe institutions.

The European Charter of Local Self-Government, the Cork declaration, the European Union Leader+programme, the Lithuanian law of local Self-government aims to encourage and support rural communities intaking active role in local development.Local authorities shall be entitled to define appropriate forms of popular participation and civic engagementin decision-making and in fulfillment at their function of community leadership.Local self-government reflects what is the nucleus of the democratic principle-the right and duty of citizens totake part in and share responsibility for common matters in their society.Article discuss some problems in Lithuania related with representation of rural communities in local selfgovernment by urban citizens.

The article proposes main features of Lithuanian local governments and describes models of strategic decisionmakingused by them, highlights to interest group analysis's importance and approaches identification of key issuesand prospects of usage of these approaches in planning processes in local governments are also detailed in the article.Preparation and implementation of strategic plans is analyzed using method of sociological survey and followingareas of analysis are discussed: functions of analysis and planning units of strategic planning committees in Lithuanianlocal governments, mistakes of strategic management made by local governments, and obstacles to strategicplans preparation and implementation.

Continuously developing socio-economic context poses many challenges to public administrators. Public decisionmakingaffects not only those interest groups that are directly concerned by the decisions but also the general public.Therefore strict professional requirements to civil servants are justified and need to be adapted to the changes in theenvironment as well. This paper focuses on theoretical analysis of civil service professional competence and qualificationsstandards and their presence in Lithuanian civil service legislation.

During the third decade of XX century in the administrative machine of Lithuanian government the old officialdom,which has graduated studies in czarist Russia was dominant. The main attribute of that generation ofofficials was experience of life together with the maladies inherited from Russia, namely: sycophancy, patronage,reserve and reserved view to innovations. However already in the fourth decade [the second decade of independentLithuania] the new young administrations, graduates of the Western and Lithuanian schools started work at theinstitutions of public administration. The functional style of public administration, that was dominant at that time inWestern countries was more acceptable for them.The interwar Lithuania was a young nation which faced a lot difficulties, typical for the nations with the lack ofmanagement experience: malpractice of the officials, lack the education, instability of legal system etc.During the last decade of interwar Lithuania the government was putting its efforts to rationalize managementtaking into account the influence of global economical crisis and public opinion.

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