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Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Contents -- Methodological Issues in eParticipation -- Developing Criteria for Evaluating a Multi-channel Digitally Enabled Participatory Budgeting Platform -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Conceptual Background -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Proposed Evaluation Metric -- 4.1 Technical KPIs -- 4.2 Non-technical Indicator: Behavioral -- 4.3 Non-technical Indicator: Socio-Economy -- 4.4 Non-technical Indicator: Political -- 4.5 Non-technical Indicator: Process -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Balancing Potential and Risk: The Living Lab Approach in Mobile Participation Research -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Running the Living Lab -- 2.1 Täsä Application -- 2.2 Usage Results -- 2.3 Collaboration with the Municipality -- 3 Challenges Encountered in the Living Lab -- 3.1 Challenges of the New Participation Application -- 3.2 Political Distrust and Skepticism on Citizen Participation -- 4 Conclusions and Discussion -- References -- Child's Play - A Literature-Based Survey on Gamified Tools and Methods for Fostering Public Particip ... -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Gamification, Playfulness and Mobile Participation -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Information -- 4.2 Consultation -- 4.3 Collaboration -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- eParticipation Implementations -- Disentangling Digital Divide and Trust -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Context of Swiss Internet Voting -- 3 Current State of Research -- 4 Theoretical Considerations -- 4.1 Digital Divide -- 4.2 Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) -- 4.3 The Calculus of Voting -- 4.4 Hypotheses -- 5 Data and Methods -- 5.1 The Swiss Internet Voting Survey 2016 -- 5.2 Partial Least Squares Modelling -- 6 Empirical Analysis -- 6.1 The Measurement Model -- 6.2 Results -- 7 Discussion -- References.

We fail to evacuate when advised. We rebuild in flood zones. We don't wear helmets. We fail to purchase insurance. We would rather avoid the risk of "crying wolf" than sound an alarm. Our ability to foresee and protect against natural catastrophes has never been greater; yet, we consistently fail to heed the warnings and protect ourselves and our communities, with devastating consequences. What explains this contradiction? In The Ostrich Paradox, Wharton professors Robert Meyer and Howard Kunreuther draw on years of teaching and research to explain why disaster preparedness efforts consistently fall short. Filled with heartbreaking stories of loss and resilience, the book addresses: How people make decisions when confronted with high-consequence, low-probability events—and how these decisions can go awry The 6 biases that lead individuals, communities, and institutions to make grave errors that cost lives The Behavioral Risk Audit, a systematic approach for improving preparedness by recognizing these biases and designing strategies that anticipate them Why, if we are to be better prepared for disasters, we need to learn to be more like ostriches, not less Fast-reading and critically important, The Ostrich Paradox is a must-read for anyone who wants to understand why we consistently underprepare for disasters, as well as private and public leaders, planners, and policy-makers who want to build more prepared communities

Contents: Preface -- Part I Frameworks for central-local government relations -- 1. Frameworks for central-local government relations and fiscal sustainability / Peter J. Morgan and Long Q. Trinh -- 2. Looking beyond conventional intergovernmental fiscal frameworks: principles, realities, and neglected issues / Paul Smoke -- Part II Mechanisms for Promoting Fiscal Sustainability at the Local Government Level -- 3. Federalism, fiscal space, and public investment spending: do fiscal rules impose hard budget constraints? / Pinaki Chakraborty -- 4. Fiscal equalization schemes and subcentral government borrowing / Salvador Barrios and Diego Martínez-López -- 5. How well do subnational borrowing regulations work? / Jorge Martinez-Vazquez and Violeta Vulovic -- Part III Country studies of central-local government relations -- 6. The fiscal risk of local government revenue in the People's Republic of China / Ziying Fan and Guanghua Wan -- 7. Key issues of central and local government finance in the People's Republic of China / Qichun Zhang and Shufang Li -- 8. Government decentralization program in Indonesia / Anwar Nasution -- 9. Case study of central and local government finance in Japan / Shun-ichiro Bessho -- 10. Fiscal decentralization and local budget deficits in Viet Nam: an empirical analysis / Peter J. Morgan and Long Q. Trinh -- Part IV Behavioral implications of central-local government relations -- 11. Debt dynamics, fiscal deficit, and stability in government borrowing in India: a dynamic panel analysis / Panchanan Das -- 12. Forms of government decentralization and institutional quality: evidence from a large sample of nations / Rajeev K. Goel and James W. Saunoris -- Index.

Morality indicates what is the 'right' and what is the 'wrong' way to behave. It is one of the most popular areas of research in contemporary social psychology, driven in part by recent political-economic crises and the behavioral patterns they exposed. In the past, work on morality tended to highlight individual concerns and moral principles, but more recently researchers have started to address the group context of moral behavior. In Morality and the Regulation of Social Behaviour: Groups as moral anchors Naomi Ellemers builds on her extensive research experience to draw together a wide range of insights and findings on morality. She offers an essential integrative summary of the social functions of moral phenomena, examines how social groups contribute to moral values, and explains how groups act as 'moral anchors'. Her analysis suggests that intra-group dynamics and the desire to establish a distinct group identity are highly relevant to understanding the implications of morality for the regulation of individual behaviour. Yet, this group-level context has not been systematically taken into account in research on morality, nor is it used as a matter of course to inform attempts to influence moral behavior. Building on social identity and self-categorization principles, this unique book explicitly considers social groups as an important source of moral values, and examines how this impacts on individual decision making as well as collective behaviours and relations between groups in society.

This study develops a methodology for rapidly obtaining approximate estimates of the economic consequences from numerous natural, man-made and technological threats. This software tool is intended for use by various decision makers and analysts to obtain estimates rapidly. It is programmed in Excel and Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) to facilitate its use. This tool is called E-CAT (Economic Consequence Analysis Tool) and accounts for the cumulative direct and indirect impacts (including resilience and behavioral factors that significantly affect base estimates) on the U.S. economy. E-CAT is intended to be a major step toward advancing the current state of economic consequence analysis (ECA) and also contributing to and developing interest in further research into complex but rapid turnaround approaches. The essence of the methodology involves running numerous simulations in a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model for each threat, yielding synthetic data for the estimation of a single regression equation based on the identification of key explanatory variables (threat characteristics and background conditions). This transforms the results of a complex model, which is beyond the reach of most users, into a "reduced form" model that is readily comprehensible. Functionality has been built into E-CAT so that its users can switch various consequence categories on and off in order to create customized profiles of economic consequences of numerous risk events. E-CAT incorporates uncertainty on both the input and output side in the course of the analysis.

Foreword -- Note -- Contents -- Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Diagrams -- Chapter 1: Malaise in Representation: Attitudes, Beliefs, Behaviors, and Causalities -- Introduction -- Theory of Malaise and Case Studies -- Social Inequality and Malaise -- From Support for Democracy to Legitimacy -- Bias in Representation -- The Three "D"s of Malaise with Democracy -- Operationalization -- Why Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay? Congruence Analysis and Its Limits -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Part I: Chile, a Chronic Malaise with and Among Elites -- Chapter 2: Discontent, Collective Protest, and Social Movements in Chile -- Introduction -- How Markets Generate Social Discontent -- Governments Do Not Temper Market Damages -- Institutional Constraints for Addressing Discontent -- How Social Movements Translate Diffuse Discontent into Collective Action -- Social Discontent and Protest Activities: Survey Data -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3: Malaise and Democracy in Chile -- Introduction -- Determinants of Malaise -- The Causes of Malaise: Explaining Distrust, Disaffection, and Disapproval -- Determinants of Participation in Political Protest -- Methodology and Data -- Results -- Trends in Malaise -- Relationship Between Attitudinal and Behavioral Dimensions of Malaise -- Determinants of Malaise and of Political Participation -- Consequences of Malaise -- Conclusions -- Appendix -- References -- Chapter 4: Elite-Mass Congruence in Chile -- Introduction -- Elite-Mass Congruence in Chile -- Data and Methods -- Support for Democracy -- Social Order4 -- Ideological Self-Position -- Chile's Most Important Problems: The Link Between Education, Inequality and Poverty -- Confidence in and Perceptions of Institutions -- Political Parties -- Role of the State -- Implications and Conclusions -- Notes -- References

Investigating the role of mobile commerce and mobile payment in global business / Kijpokin Kasemap -- Mobile service behavioral intention-theoritical background and empirical research / Vaggelis Saprikis, Maro vlachopoulou, Theodora Zarmpou, University of Macedania, Greecce -- SWOT analysis of mobile commerce / Ramandeep Kour, Harmeet Malhotra, Delhi University, India -- Understanding fraudulent activities through m-commerce transaction / Rajan Gupta, SK Mutto, SK Pal, Delhi University, DRDO, India -- Reality of mobile payment & social inclusion in Latin America / Myriam Martinez Fietaz -- Attracting customer to online shopping using mobile apps-acase study of from Indian market / Baljeet Kour, Tanya Jain, Delhi University, DRDO, India -- Mobile commerce security and its prevention / Mona Adlakhal, Delhi University, India -- Mobile payment for m-commerce / Rupali Ahuja, Delhi University, India -- Regulatory framework of mobile commerce / Dr. Jyoti Batra Arora, Dr. Sushila Madan, IP, University, Delhi University, India -- Analysing architecture and transactional model in securing mobile commerce / Poona Narang, Bsanti Pal Nandi, IP University, India -- Consumer perception to mobile commerce / Dr.Neeru Kapoor, IP University,Delhi University, India -- Exploring barriers affecting the acceptance of mobile commerce / Priyanka Gupta, IP University,Delhi University, India -- Services of mobile commerce / Mukta Sharma, Teethankar MarkendeshwarUniversity, India -- Security risk of mobile commerce / Ashish Gupta, Rachna Jain,Bharti VidyaPeeth College of Engineering, India -- Present and future of mobile commerce : introduction, comparative analysis of m-commerce and e-commerce,advantages, present and future / Barkha Narang, DrJyoti Batra Arora, IP University, India

Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Author -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Defining and Theorizing about Household Mobility -- Overall Summary -- Introduction -- Conceptualizing "American Migration" -- Defining and Measuring Migration -- Immigration -- Geographic and Residential Household Mobility -- Migration Frequency -- Return Migration -- Circular Migration -- Repeat Mobility -- Local and Long-Distance Hypermobility -- Evolution of Theoretical Approaches to Household Mobility -- Why Do People Move? -- Early Perspectives on Migration -- Institutional Perspective -- Micro- and Mesoperspectives -- Behavioral Perspectives: New Economic Theory and Cost-Benefit Perspectives -- Network and Family -- The Life-Cycle Perspective -- The Life Course Perspective -- Conclusion and Overview -- References -- Part I: Patterns, Correlates, and Precursors -- Chapter 2: Historical and Recent Trends in American Mobility -- Introduction -- The Life Course Perspective: Geographic Location and Sociohistorical Time -- Early Migration Trends -- The Historic Decline in American Household Mobility -- Recent Migration Trends -- International and Comparative Trends in Internal Migration -- Expectations for the Future -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Characteristics of the Mobile Population -- Introduction -- Age and the Life-Cycle Model of Household Mobility -- Early Perspectives on Age and the Family -- Age Profiles of Household Mobility -- The Current Population Survey Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS-CPS) -- Subsample -- Overall Sample Characteristics -- Analysis -- Descriptive Findings -- Young Adulthood (Age 18-34) -- Young Adults' Reasons for Moving -- Adulthood and Midlife (Age 35-49) -- Midlife Adults' Reasons for Moving -- Older Adulthood and Later Life (Age 50+) -- Older Adults' Reasons for Moving

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Data Collection Methods -- Quantitative or Qualitative Research: Methods, Ethical Issues and Future Directions -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Theories and Features of Qualitative Data Collection Methods -- Phenomenology -- Ethical Issues -- Paradigm Shift -- Conclusion -- References -- Data Collection in Behavioral Sciences - Merging Fields -- The Application of Applied Behavior Analysis to the Field of Social Work: Lessons in Data Collection and Best-Practices -- Abstract -- Introduction -- ABA and Mental Health -- ABA and Social Work -- Merging ABA and Current Social Work Practices -- The Use of Both Indirect and Direct Assessment -- Data Collection Methods -- The Importance of Using Data to Driven Services -- The Need for Social Work Practices to be Evidence-Based -- Generalization and Maintenance -- Where Do I Find Evidence-Based Resources? -- How to Incorporate ABA into Social Work Practice -- A Word of Caution -- References -- Data Collection in Crisis Research -- Research in Crises: -- Data Collection Suggestions -- and Practices -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Survey -- Crisis Research Topics Utilizing Survey Approaches -- Non-Randomized Sampling and Data Collections -- Content Analysis -- Content Analysis Application for Risk and Crisis Research -- Limitations Content Analysis and Future Directions -- Case Study -- Operational Boundaries and Procedures of Crisis Case Studies -- Strength and Limitations of Adopting Case Study Approach -- Experimental Designs -- Types of Experimental Designs -- Quasi-Experimental Designs and Validity Protections -- Conclusion -- References -- Data Collection in Healthcare -- Heterogeneity among Blacks in the United States: Implications for Federal Health Data Collection and Reporting -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Heterogeneity of Blacks in the United States

"Throughout history, humanity has been seen as being in need of improvement, most pressingly in need of moral improvement. Today, in what has been called the beginnings of "the golden age of neuroscience," laboratory findings claim to offer insights into how the brain "does" morality, even suggesting that it is possible to make people more moral by manipulating their biology. Can "moral bioenhancement"--Using technological or pharmaceutical means to boost the morally desirable and remove the morally problematic - bring about a morally improved humanity? In The Myth of the Moral Brain, Harris Wiseman argues that moral functioning is immeasurably complex, mediated by biology but not determined by it. Morality cannot be engineered; there is no such thing as a "moral brain." Wiseman takes a distinctively interdisciplinary approach, drawing on insights from philosophy, biology, theology, and clinical psychology. He considers philosophical rationales for moral enhancement, and the practical realities they come up against; recent empirical work, including studies of the cognitive and behavioral effects of oxytocin, serotonin, and dopamine; and traditional moral education, in particular the influence of religious thought, belief, and practice. Arguing that morality involves many interacting elements, Wiseman proposes an integrated bio-psycho-social approach to the consideration of moral enhancement. Such an approach would show that, by virtue of their sheer numbers, social and environmental factors are more important in shaping moral functioning than the neurobiological factors with which they are interwoven"--Back cover

"Throughout history, humanity has been seen as being in need of improvement, most pressingly in need of moral improvement. Today, in what has been called the beginnings of "the golden age of neuroscience," laboratory findings claim to offer insights into how the brain "does" morality, even suggesting that it is possible to make people more moral by manipulating their biology. Can "moral bioenhancement"--Using technological or pharmaceutical means to boost the morally desirable and remove the morally problematic - bring about a morally improved humanity? In The Myth of the Moral Brain, Harris Wiseman argues that moral functioning is immeasurably complex, mediated by biology but not determined by it. Morality cannot be engineered; there is no such thing as a "moral brain." Wiseman takes a distinctively interdisciplinary approach, drawing on insights from philosophy, biology, theology, and clinical psychology. He considers philosophical rationales for moral enhancement, and the practical realities they come up against; recent empirical work, including studies of the cognitive and behavioral effects of oxytocin, serotonin, and dopamine; and traditional moral education, in particular the influence of religious thought, belief, and practice. Arguing that morality involves many interacting elements, Wiseman proposes an integrated bio-psycho-social approach to the consideration of moral enhancement. Such an approach would show that, by virtue of their sheer numbers, social and environmental factors are more important in shaping moral functioning than the neurobiological factors with which they are interwoven"--Back cover.

Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- Contributors -- Introduction -- 1 Getting Started: The Aggregation Conundrums and Basic Toolkits of Agent Based Modeling -- 1.1 Understanding Heterogeneity and Interaction in Economic Models -- 1.1.1 Aggregate Models with Boundlessly Rational Agents -- 1.1.2 The Aggregation Problem -- 1.1.3 The Standard Approach and the Aggregation Problem -- 1.1.4 A Didactic Example Comparing ABM with the Standard Approach -- 1.1.5 Behavioral Rules and Aggregation in ABM -- 1.1.6 Aggregation in ABM with Network Effects -- 1.2 Basic Macroeconomic Agent Based Tools -- 1.2.1 Macroeconomic Building Blocks -- 1.2.2 Expectations -- 1.2.3 Production and Credit -- 1.2.4 Innovation -- 1.2.5 Consumption -- 1.2.6 Government and Central Bank -- 1.2.7 Exit and Enter -- 1.3 Basic Financial Agent Based Tools -- 1.3.1 Financial Building Blocks -- 1.3.2 Microfoundations and Behavioural Rules -- 1.3.3 Market Microstructure -- 2 A Simple Model of Business Fluctuations with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents and Credit Networks -- 2.1 Getting Started: Implementing a Toy Model -- 2.1.1 Model Theoretical Setup -- 2.1.2 Implementing the Model Using R -- 2.1.3 Simulating the Model -- 2.1.4 Some Variations -- 2.1.5 Multiple Simulations -- 2.1.6 A LargeŽ Computational Experiment -- 2.1.7 Sensitivity Analysis -- 2.1.8 A Policy Experiment -- 2.2 Going Further: Heterogeneous Agents and Credit Networks -- 2.2.1 Model Setup -- 2.2.2 Implementing the Model with R -- 2.2.3 Implementing the Model in R -- 2.2.4 Sensitivity -- 2.2.5 Policy Experiment -- 2.2.6 Network Analysis -- 2.2.7 Network Statistics -- 2.3 A Calibration Experiment -- 2.4 Exercise -- 3 Modeling Financial Markets in an Agent-Based Framework -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Model -- 3.2.1 The Market Microstructure -- 3.2.2 The Communication Network.

Based on recent advances in economics, especially those in behavioral economics, this book elucidates theoretically and empirically the mechanism of time-inconsistent decision making that leads to various forms of self-destructive behavior. The topics include over-eating and obesity, over-spending, over-borrowing, under-saving, procrastination, smoking, gambling, over-drinking, and other intemperate behaviors, all of which relate to serious social problems in advanced countries. In this book, the author attempts to construct a bridge between the basic theory of time discounting, especially as of hyperbolic discounting, and empirically observed "irrational (non-classical)" behavior in the various contexts just mentioned. The empirical validity of the theory is discussed using unique micro data a s well as public macro data. The book proposes prescriptions for individual decision makers, whether sophisticated or naïve, to make better choices in self-control problems, and also provides policy makers with useful advice for influencing people's decision making in the right directions. This work is recommended not only to general readers who seek to learn how to attain better self-regulation under self-control problems. It also helps researchers who seek an overview of positive and normative implications of hyperbolic discounting, and thereby reconstruct economic theory for a better understanding of actual human behavior and the resulting economic dynamics . Normal 0 false false false EN-US JA X-NONE tion Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>

This Palgrave Pivot demonstrates that the inherited vocabularies of economics and other social sciences contain socially constructed words and theories that bias our very understanding of history and markets, bridging the empirical and moral dimensions of economics in general and inequality in particular. Wealth, GDP, hierarchies, and inequality are socially constructed words infused with moral overtones that academic philosophers and policy analysts have used to raise questions about "fairness" and "justice." This short intellectual and epistemological history explores and elaborates a limited number of key inequality-related terms, concepts, and mental images invented by centuries of economists and others. The author challenges us to question the assumptions made concerning presumably value-free concepts such as inequality, wealth, hierarchies, and the policy goals a nation can be pursuing. Robert E. Mitchell is a retired Foreign Service Officer and former Professor of urban and regional studies at Columbia University, the University of California, Berkeley, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and Florida State University. He also directed two survey research centers, served as executive director of two state-level task forces, and headed a national task force on family policy. He served as a Behavioral Science Adviser for the Near East Bureau of the United States Agency for International Development, followed by long-term Foreign Service posts in Egypt, Yemen, and Guinea-Bissau

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Innovation for Marginalized Smallholder Farmers and Development: An Overview and Implications for Policy and Resear... -- Introduction -- Defining Small Farms Comprehensively -- Determinants of ``Smallness´´ of Farms -- Patterns and Change of Small Farms -- Size and Productivity -- Persisting Rural Poverty and Untapped Potential -- Innovation Strategies for the Rural Poor -- Overview: Innovative Intensification and Diversification for and with Marginalized Small Farmers -- Conclusions and Implications for Policy and Research -- References -- Part I: Innovation for the Rural Poor: Theory, Trends and Impacts -- Chapter 2: Institutional and Technological Innovations in Polycentric Systems: Pathways for Escaping Marginality -- Innovation in Polycentric Systems -- Marginality in Polycentric Systems -- Pathways Out of Marginality: Institutional and Technological Innovations -- Enabling and Inhibiting Functions of Institutions -- Horizontal and Vertical Value Creating Institutions in Polycentric Order -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Innovations for Food and Nutrition Security: Impacts and Trends -- Introduction -- Current FNS Situation -- The Main Features of Technological and Institutional Innovations for FNS -- The Impacts of Innovations -- The Impact of New Platform Technology -- ICT -- Biofortification -- The Impact of Traditional Technology Through the Home Garden -- Future Trends and Priorities of FNS Innovation: A Stakeholder Survey -- General FNS Awareness -- Agricultural Innovations and FNS -- Conclusions -- Appendix -- References -- Chapter 4: Psychology of Innovation: Innovating Human Psychology? -- Creative Process, Marginality and the Need to Innovate/Renovate -- Innovation as the `Lava´ from the Fount of Creativity: Few Behavioral Characteristics.