Suchergebnisse

Public Law 94-142 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 require that appropriate educational services be provided to all handicapped children. For some visually handicapped students, this includes orientation and mobility training. This study surveyed the 50 State Departments of Education on the status of orientation and mobility, services in the public schools. Findings revealed that, although some states have orientation and mobility services in public schools, a large gap exists between these services and services needed to fully meet the mandate.

AbstractThe aim of this study is to contribute to the literature on how involuntary backsourcing in public organizations is performed in practice and how it affects the relationship between principal and agent. The study focuses on two questions: (1) Which stages characterize the process when public contracts are involuntary terminated? (2) How does involuntary backsourcing affect the relationship between principal and agent during the transfer period? The study's case concerns public backsourcing in Sweden, in particular, how a metropolitan municipality manages involuntary backsourcing. This study provides in‐depth insights into backsourcing and its practice, as well as the degree to which the conflict dimension between the parties is affected. The study shows—paradoxically—that the relationship between principal and agent during the transition phase is characterized by dependence, mutual exchange of information, collaboration, and less conflict. The study contributes to developing the theory of backsourcing, particularly the behavior that is played out between principal and agent in the transition stage. The findings identify the need for public organizations which make outsourcing decisions to have contingency plans for bringing operations back in‐house.

PurposeSince the 1980s, New public management has fostered the introduction of managerial approaches similar to those of the private sector in public administrations. Recently, the advantages of performing risk management in the public sector have been recognized; however, to the best of our knowledge, research on risk management in public administrations is underdeveloped, and there is a need to understand how risk management is performed. This paper addresses these issues and investigates whether and how risk management is performed in Italian public administration.Design/methodology/approachThis study focused on a sample of 503 Italian municipalities and used a mixed research method. Through a qualitative content analysis of documents published on municipalities' websites, data and information were collected and elaborated using quantitative indicators.FindingsThe main results are that a high percentage of large Italian municipalities perform risk management and comply with theoretical provisions on risk management, sometimes displaying isomorphic behavior in risk management practices.Originality/valueThis study provides a new perspective on risk management in Italian municipalities, contributes to filling a gap in the literature and suggests a theoretical perspective on municipalities' approaches when introducing new managerial practices.

The Canadian Annual Review of Politics and Public Affairs is an acclaimed series that offers informed commentary on important national events and thoughtfully considers their significance in local and international contexts. This latest instalment reviews the year 2004, in which the Liberal party was elected to a minority government

Businesses, philanthropies and non-profit entities are increasingly successful in capturing public funds to support private provision of schooling in developed and developing countries. Coupled with market-based reforms that include weak regulation, control over workforces, standardization of processes and economies of scale, private provision of schooling is often seen to be convenient for both public authorities and businesses. This book examines how the public subsidization of these forms of private education affects quality, equality and the realization of human rights. With original research from leading experts, The State, Business and Education sheds light on the privatization of education in fragile circumstances. It illustrates the ways in which private actors have expanded their involvement in education as a business, and shows the influence of policy borrowing on the spread of for-profit education. Case studies from Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India and Syrian refugee camps illustrate the ways in which private actors have expanded their involvement in education as a business. This book will be of interest not only to academics and students of international and comparative education, but also to education development professionals in both the private and public sectors, with its empirical assessment of case studies, and careful consideration of the lessons to be learned from each

"This reference book presents a view of public health through an analysis of healthcare services and delivery; policies in terms of policymaking, ethics, and governance; as well as the way society is educated on public health affairs, covering a wide range of issues such as healthcare policy, health literacy, healthcare reform, accessibility, public welfare, and more"--

This thesis investigates the growing volume of online political commentary being produced by Internet users in Mainland China and South Korea, analysing the qualities and characteristics of these discourses through adaptation of the argument provided by German sociologist Jürgen Habermas about the workings of the public sphere. In evaluating the gap between the idealised qualities of the public sphere and real-life communication, the study uses the concept of the public sphere as a heuristic device. This study asks two questions: first, to what extent does the political communication hosted on the online discussion boards, blogs, webpages, Tweets, microblogs and other forms of online media in both countries resemble a public sphere and, second, what sort of political change do these forms of exchange encourage. To explore these questions, this study incorporates analysis of online discussion related to four case studies that span the cyberspheres of both nations: the coverage provided by online news services, online nationalism and the conflict over the history of the Goguryeo Kingdom, Internet-based environmental activism and opposition to hydrological development and, finally, debates surrounding the social and legal status of gays and lesbians in Korean and Chinese society. Based on qualitative analysis, subject interviews and background research related to these four areas, this study argues that while the public sphere concept is inadequate for assessing the characteristics of Internet-mediated political discourse, online media are nonetheless helping to pluralise public political communication in Korean and Chinese society. The thesis finds that while such pluralisation is promoting incremental political change, it is nonetheless doing so in largely unpredictable ways. The study concludes that online political communications may not produce the expected outcomes of institutionalised democracy in China, or the consolidation of democracy in South Korea.

In the international Public-private partnerships (PPP) market, there is a common use of PPP units for the initiation and management of PPPs. The common examples include Partnerships BC, Partnerships UK, and Partnerships Victoria. A PPP unit could be a policy unit, implementation unit, or both. In the United States PPPs have been implemented through the same offices that manage the conventional design-bid-build projects. Content analysis and a case study approach have been used in this research to examine the use of PPP units in the United States. The analysis shows that PPP transportation projects are delivered in the PPP-enabled states through the internal resources of the departments of transportation without centralized government office. Around fourteen states have internal PPP offices that provide partial/full policy formulation/guidance, coordination, and promotion. Only five states have expanded the functions to the real PPP procurement management work, and that those states are also the leading states in PPP implementation. Having a unit that carries only policy guidance might not be as effective as a unit that does both PPP policy and procurement management. Without centralized units, the implementation of PPP would not be effectively streamlined and implemented in government. The analysis also shows that Florida and Texas are expanding their PPP toward more public facilities and infrastructure; this signifies that the more a state became familiar with PPP, the more it used it for the delivery of projects. The research provides insights to public agencies on the use of PPP units. ; Non UBC ; Unreviewed ; Faculty ; Other

The German national public officer—a term which covers public employees of every rank, from watchmen and gate-keepers to the chancellor, and in every type of occupation, from engineering to diplomacy, from teaching to service on the bench of the highest courts—has a very special status, governed in part by the constitution, in part by the Law of Officers, and in part by many other statutes, such as a law fixing salaries. This status involves many rights and privileges, and on the other hand, many duties and restrictions. The oath of office required of all national officers consists of a pledge to be faithful to the constitution, obedient to the laws, and conscientious in the performance of official duties. The law requires every officer to conduct himself at all times, even in his private capacity, in such a way as to merit the respect due to his office. Misconduct is liable to the "ordinary" penalties of reprimand, warning, and money fine, or, after due hearing, to the "disciplinary" penalties of suspension and dismissal. The criminal code takes cognizance of certain specified crimes and misdemeanors in office, such as the improper bringing about of arrests and prosecutions, and the falsification of official records. Naturally, the officer is also liable when he commits any other type of crime or misdemeanor.The rights and privileges of public officers are very substantial. National officers are appointed, as a rule, for life; unless any appointment is specified as being revocable, it is per se a life appointment, involving protection against arbitrary dismissal or suspension.

AbstractThis paper is a response to Sanders, Snijders and Hallsworth (2018). The challenges and opportunities of behavioural public policy Sanders, Snijders and Hallsworth discuss highlight a conundrum for the field: the impact of behavioural interventions is difficult to measure accurately in complex situations, and yet complexity is inherent in the very areas in most need of impact. Behavioural interventions will be only one tool of many to work towards broader organisational, systems and social change. As a field, we should be looking to other disciplines, inviting them into the fold of discussions on how to achieve these changes. Finally, while the mantra of nudge for good is a useful beacon, intentions are only part of the equation, and a number of questions should be asked when considering a behavioural policy intervention.

Intro -- Preface -- Foreword to First Edition -- Preface to First Edition -- Table of Statutes -- Table of Statutory Instruments -- Table of Cases -- PART 1: COUNCILLORS' CONDUCT -- A. Overview of Local Government Standards in England (James Findlay KC) -- B. Codes of Conduct (Including the Local Government Association Model Code) (Matt Lewin) -- C. Registration and Disclosure of Interests (Robin Green and Matt Lewin) -- D. Principal Councils (Andrew Lane and Matt Lewin) -- E. Parish Councils (Andrew Lane and Matt Lewin) -- F. Independent Persons (Matt Lewin) -- G. Complaints, Investigations, Decisions and Sanctions (Matt Lewin) -- H. Offences and Disqualification (Robin Green) -- I. Local Government Standards in Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland (James Findlay KC, Clare Parry and Matt Lewin) -- PART 2: STANDARDS IN PUBLIC LIFE -- A. The Ministerial Code (Sam Kharabanda Groom) -- B. Parliamentary Standards (Verity Bell and Matt Lewin) -- C. Other Elected and Public Offices: Directly Elected Mayors, 'Metro Mayors' and Combined Authorities, Police and Crime Commissioners etc (Jack Barber) -- D. Outside Appointments (Jack Barber) -- E. Civil Servants and Local Authority Officers (Alexander Campbell) -- F. Standards in the Senedd Cymru, Scottish Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly (James Findlay KC, Clare Parry and Matt Lewin) -- PART 3: CONDUCT ISSUES -- A. Official Capacity (Matt Lewin) -- B. Bias and Predetermination (Matt Lewin) -- C. Freedom of Expression (Matt Lewin) -- D. Lobbying (Rowan Clapp) -- E. Behaviour During Meetings (Rowan Clapp) -- F. Bullying and Respect for Others (Catherine Rowlands) -- G. Confidential Information (Catherine Rowlands) -- H. Bringing Office or Authority into Disrepute (Catherine Rowlands) -- I. Misuse of Resources (Alistair Cantor) -- J. Dishonesty and Abuse of Position (Alistair Cantor).

In 1816, the federal service under President James Madison consisted of 4,000 employees.' By 1950, the federal government had, 120,000 persons on its payroll, while state and municipal governments employed another 4,290,000. Today there are 2,720,000 federal employees and 10,150,000 employees of state and municipal governments.' The emergence of a new labor movement aimed at attaining for public employees the right to bargain collectively, a right guaranteed to workers in the private sector by the 1935 National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), recently has accompanied this expansion of government employment.' National legislation, however, has never extended the right to bargain collectively to public employees; indeed, all governments--federal, state, and local--traditionally have prohibited, either by statute or judicial decision, collective bargaining in their public services.