Suchergebnisse

1. Emerging from the crisis : the transformation of public service employment relations? / Stephen Bach and Lorenzo Bordogna -- 2. Greece : public service employment relations: adjustment and reforms / Christos A. Ioannou -- 3. Spain : rationalization without modernization: public service employment relations under austerity / Oscar Molina -- 4. Italy : the uncertainties of endless reform: public service employment relations confronting financial sustainability constraints / Lorenzo Bordogna -- 5. France : the crisis speeds up public service reform and adjustment / Catherine Vincent -- 6. Britain : contracting the state: public service employment relations in a period of crisis / Stephen Bach -- 7. The Netherlands : the economic crisis spurs public service and employment relations reform / Peter Leisink -- 8. Germany : retrenchment before the great recession and its lasting consequences / Berndt Keller -- 9. Denmark and Sweden : the consequences of reform and economic crisis for public service employment relations / Mikkel Mailand and Nana Wesley Hansen -- 10. Hungary : state-led responses to the crisis and protracted austerity / Imre Szabo -- 11. Czechia and Slovakia : facing austerity through collective action: economic crisis and public service employment relations / Marta Kahancova and Monika Martiskova.

The book aims to prioritise what needs mastering and presents the content in the most understandable, concise and pedagogical way illustrated by real market examples. Given the variety and the complexity of the materials the book covers, the author sorts through a vast array of topics in a subjective way, relying upon more than twenty years of experience as a market practitioner. The book only requires the reader to be knowledgeable in the basics of algebra and statistics. The Mathematical formulae are only fully proven when the proof brings some useful insight. These formulae are tra

For the foreseeable future, the overall use of nuclear electricity in the European Union is unlikely to change significantly despite the controversies surrounding its use among the EU's nation states. The authors question the role that nuclear electricity plays in meeting the challenges of providing secure, competitive, and sustainable energy to support the development of the low carbon economy in the EU. Analysis presented focuses on the evolution of the discourse on nuclear energy among policy makers at European and national levels as well as the public.

This presentation was presented by Professor Briguglio, who was invited to conduct a public seminar at the University Putra of Malaysia (UPM) at Kuala Lumpur on the Euro Crisis. ; This presentation focuses on the EU History and Institutions, the European Monetary Union, the Stability and Growth Pact and the Euro Crisis. ; N/A

Award date: 31 December 1986 ; Supervisor: B. de Witte ; First made available online 2 July 2015.

This article analyzes how Nordic trade unions cooperate with unions in Europe, and what actors and organizations they cooperate with to influence EU policies. We examine both similarities and differences between the Nordic countries and between unions in different sectors, and make some comparisons with unions in other European countries. As a background, we first present the Nordic model(s) of industrial relations, and some important national and sectoral differences. Thereafter follows an analysis based on a survey carried out in 2010-11. The results show strong similarities between the Nordic countries regarding transnational union cooperation and union action, but also that there is greater diversity between sectors than between countries. The internationally exposed manufacturing sector is the most engaged in transnational cooperation, followed by the construction industry. The more sheltered services sector has a somewhat lower degree of cooperation, and the professional/academic unions are the least engaged. This implies that, besides variation between countries, variation between sectors must be taken into account when analyzing the existence of a common Nordic approach to transnational cooperation.

Several scholars have argued that European countries have decided to cooperate on asylum and migration matters at the EU level in order to develop more restrictive policies. In particular, it has been argued that European states have 'venue-shopped' to a new policy-venue in order to escape national constraints. This paper puts this argument to the test by assessing the extent to which the development of EU cooperation on asylum matters has indeed led to the adoption of more restrictive asylum standards. The paper argues that, actually, EU asylum cooperation has led to an overall increase in protection standards for asylum-seekers and refugees. This outcome is explained by two main factors: the increasing 'judicialisation' of asylum in the EU and institutional changes in the EU asylum policy area that have strengthened the role of more 'refugee-friendly' institutions

Several scholars have argued that European countries have decided to cooperate on asylum and migration matters at the EU level in order to develop more restrictive policies. In particular, it has been argued that European states have 'venue-shopped' to a new policy-venue in order to escape national constraints. This paper puts this argument to the test by assessing the extent to which the development of EU cooperation on asylum matters has indeed led to the adoption of more restrictive asylum standards. The paper argues that, actually, EU asylum cooperation has led to an overall increase in protection standards for asylum-seekers and refugees. This outcome is explained by two main factors: the increasing 'judicialisation' of asylum in the EU and institutional changes in the EU asylum policy area that have strengthened the role of more 'refugee-friendly' institutions.

This research aims to provide an empirical assessment of the relationship between fiscal policy sustainability factors, like fiscal deficit and economic growth in the Western Balkan countries and East European Union Countries, using panel-level data for the yearly time span from 2000-2021. The empirical model provides the impact of fiscal deficit, alongside other control variables like inflation, schooling, total investments, trade openness, and output gap on economic growth in the selected group of countries. For the purpose of research, we employed Static and dynamic panel estimation techniques like Fixed Effects with Driscol and Kraay standard errors and system GMM. The findings confirm that fiscal deficit has significantly affected the growth level in both groups of countries. In addition, when the fiscal deficit has interacted with the COVID-19 dummy, it appears as a growth-enhancing factor. However, when the fiscal deficit interacts with the Eurozone debt crisis period, it becomes a growth-deteriorating factor. Other control variables like inflation, trade openness, total investments, and the output gap are found important factors in explaining the growth performance of the Central East European and Western Balkan countries.

Introduction: Naturally occurring and man-made disasters have been increasing in the world, including Europe, over the past several decades. Health systems are a key part of any community disaster management system. The success of preparedness and prevention depends on the success of activities such as disaster planning, organization and training. The aim of this study is to evaluate health system preparedness for disasters in the 27 European Union member countries. Method: A cross-sectional analysis study was completed between June-September 2012. The checklist used for this survey was a modified from the World Health Organization toolkit for assessing health-system capacity for crisis management. Three specialists from each of the 27 European Union countries were included in the survey. Responses to each survey question were scored and the range of preparedness level was defined as 0-100%, categorized in three levels as follows: Acceptable; Transitional; or Insufficient. Results: Response rate was 79.1%. The average level of disaster management preparedness in the health systems of 27 European Union member states was 68% (Acceptable). The highest level of preparedness was seen in the United Kingdom, Luxemburg, and Lithuania. Considering the elements of disaster management system, the highest level of preparedness score was at health information elements (86%), and the lowest level was for hospitals, and educational elements (54%). Conclusion: This survey study suggests that preparedness level of European Union countries in 2012 is at an acceptable level but could be improved. Elements such as hospitals and education and training suffer from insufficient levels of preparedness. The European Union health systems need a collective strategic plan, as well as enough resources, to establish a comprehensive and standardized disaster management strategy plan. A competency based training curriculum for managers and first responders is basic to accomplishing this goal. Keywords: Disaster medicine; Disaster preparedness; ...