Suchergebnisse

Este artigo faz um breve levantamento da história da tradução literária para Scots, uma variedade de língua relacionada ao inglês, mas ao mesmo tempo distinta. Esse levantamento começa com o desenvolvimento do Scots como meio literário no fim da Idade Média. A versão de Gavin Douglas da Eneida, em Scots do século XVI, foi por muitos anos a única versão do texto completo disponível para leitores de inglês ou Scots; sua reputação permanece inalterada até hoje. No entanto, a tradução para Scots não desapareceu quando a Escócia foi unificada politicamente com a Inglaterra. Ao contrário, ela sobreviveu como meio de afirmação de uma identidade nacional distinta, primeiramente dentro do quadro da união britânica e, posteriormente, em oposição a ela. Por exemplo, no século XVIII, as inúmeras traduções de Horácio para Scots constroem uma imagem idílica da Escócia, clássica e não metropolitana; enquanto algumas traduções do século XX buscam antes alianças culturais alternativas, não com a Inglaterra pós-imperial, mas com a Rússia revolucionária e, mais recentemente, com culturas pós-coloniais. O artigo demonstra claramente que a tradução para Scots tem sido sempre um ato político e visível, intimamente ligado às diferentes construções da identidade escocesa. ; This article gives a brief survey of the history of literary translation into Scots, a language variety closely related to but distinct from English. The survey begins with the development of Scots into a literary medium in the late Middle Ages. Gavin Douglas's 16th Century Scots version of the Aeneid was for many years the only version of the full text available to readers of English or Scots, and its reputation remains undimmed today. However, translation into Scots did not fade away as Scotland was drawn into political union with England. Rather, translation into Scots survived as a means of asserting a distinctive national identity, first of all within the framework of the British union, and later in opposition to it. For example, in the 18th Century, the many Scots translations of Horace construct Scotland as a non-metropolitan, classical idyll, and some 20th Century translations seek alternative cultural alliances, not with post-imperial England, but with revolutionary Russia, and latterly with post-colonial cultures. The survey demonstrates clearly that translation into Scots has always been a visible, political act, which is closely tied to changing constructions of Scottish identity.

Nelson, Claudia Invisible Men: Fatherhood in Victorian Periodicals, 1850–1910 (1995)Bourke, Joanna Dismembering the Male: Men's Bodies, Britain and the Great War (1996)Sztreter, Simon Fertility, Class and Gender in Britain, 1860–1940 (1996)Bland, Lucy Banishing the Beast. English Feminism and Sexual Morality 1885–1914 (1994)Grossman, Atina Reforming Sex. The German Movement for Birth Control and Abortion Reform, 1920–1950 (1995)Mitchell, Sally The New Girl: Girls' Culture in England, 1880–1915 (1995)Tinkler, Penny Constructing Girlhood: Popular Magazines for Girls Growing Up in England, 1920–1950Johnson, Lesley The Modern Girl: Girlhood and Growing Up (1993)Giles, Judy Women, Identity and Private Life in Britain, 1900–50 (1995)Stanley, Liz Sex Surveyed, 1949–1994 (1995)Tebbutt, Melanie Women's Talk: A Social History of 'Gossip' in Working‐Class Neighbourhoods, 1880–1960 (1995)Zarnowska, Anna and Szwarc, Andrzej (eds) Kobieta i edukacja na ziemiach Polskich w XIX i XX wieku (1995)Bard, Christine Les Filles de Marianne. Histoire des féminismes 1914–1940 (1995)Reynolds, Siân France Between the Wars. Gender and Politics (1996)Fieseler, Beate Frauen auf dem Weg in die russische Sozialdemokratie 1890–1917: eine kollektive Biographie (1995)Quack, Sibylle (ed.) Between Sorrow and Strength: Women Refugees of the Nazi Period (1995)Wagner, Leonie, Mehrwald, Silke, Maierhof, Gudrun, Jansen, Mechtild M. (eds) Aus dem Leben jüdischer Frauen. 'Welche Welt ist meine Welt?' (1994)Frader, Laura L. and Rose, Sonya O. (eds) Gender and Class in Modern Europe (1996)Hill, Bridget Servants: English Domestics in the Eighteenth Century (1996)Faust, Drew Gilpin Mothers of Invention: Women of the Slaveholding South in the American Civil War (1996)Morton, Patricia (ed.) Discovering the Women in Slavery: Emancipating Perspectives on the American Past (1996)Copelman, Dina London's Women Teachers: Gender, Class, and Feminism, 1870–1930 (1996)Garb, Tamar Sisters of the Brush: Women's Artistic Culture in Late 19th‐Century Paris (1994)Orr, Clarissa Campbell (ed.) Women in the Victorian Art World (1995)Willson, Perry R. The Clockwork Factory: Women and Work in Fascist Italy (1993)Pickering‐Iazzi, Robin (ed.) Mothers of Invention: Women, Italian Fascism and Culture (1995)Cahn, Susan K. Coming on Strong: Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth‐Century Women's Sport (1994)Cayleff, Susan E. Babe: The Life and Legend of Babe Didrikson Zaharias (1995)Berg, Maxine A Woman in History. Eileen Power, 1889–1940 (1996)

Great Britain and Ireland T. C. Smout, ed., Scotland since prehistory: natural change and human impactN. M. Herbert, ed., A history of the county of Gloucester, V: the Forest of DeanColin Platt, King Death: the Black Death and its aftermath in late medieval EnglandDel Sweeney, ed., Agriculture in the middle ages: technology, practice, and representationMark Overton, Agricultural revolution in England: the transformation of the agrarian economy, 1500‐1850Roy Porter and Marie Mulvey Roberts, eds., Pleasure in the eighteenth centuryAdrian Randall and Andrew Charlesworth, eds., Markets, market culture and popular protest in eighteenth‐century Britain and IrelandBarry Reay, Microhistories: demography, society and culture in rural England, 1800‐1930Edgar Jones, True and fair: a history of Price WaterhouseMichael Turner, After the Famine: Irish agriculture, 1850‐1914Roger Middleton, Government versus the market: the growth of the public sector, economic management and British economic performance, c. 1890‐1979Andrew Marrison, British business and protection, 1903‐1932James Foreman‐Peck, Sue Bowden, and Alan McKinlay, The British motor industryPeter Scott, The property masters: a history of the British commercial property sector General Gary Herrigel, Industrial constructions: the sources of German industrial powerVolker R. Berghahn, ed., Quest for economic empire: European strategies of German big business in the twentieth centuryPaul Bairoch and Martin Körner, eds., La Suisse dans l'économie mondiale/Die Schweiz in der WeltwirtschaftIvan T. Berend, Central and eastern Europe, 1944‐1993: detour from the periphery to the peripheryWendy Davies and Paul Fouracre, eds., Property and power in the early middle agesJonathan Dewald, The European nobility, 1400‐1800: new approaches to European historyAnn Goldgar, Impolite learning: conduct and community in the republic of letters, 1680‐1750Iain R. Smith, The origins of the South African war, 1899‐1902Augustus J. Veenendaal, Slow train to paradise: how Dutch investors helped build American railroadsElmus Wicker, The banking panics of the great depressionDeborah Oxley, Convict maids: the forced migration of women to AustraliaStanley Lebergott, Consumer expenditures: new measures and old motivesJack Goody, The East in the WestG. D. Snooks, The dynamic society: exploring the sources of global changeElliott A. Krause, The death of the guilds: professions, states, and the advance of capitalism, 1930 to the presentMaxine Berg, A woman in history: Eileen Power, 1889‐1940

Abstract. In this case-review we look at three recent decisions in England, the Netherlands and Belgium respectively, concerning the tortious standard of care of football-players amongst each other. The fact-situations as well as a central doctrinal question were similar. In all three cases the question as to what the role of the defence Volenti Non Fit Injuria is, was at stake. It is submitted that there is no role for this concept. Applying Volenti is not logical. Either there is a standard of care or there is none. Also the plaintiff will be barred of any cause of action when Volenti is applied. Moreover, it is difficult in practice to distinguish between volenti and contributory neglicence, as well as between volenti and the standard of care. Employing volenti will have a confusing effect. Therefore, applying contributory negligence will be the best solution.
Résumé. Dans cette étude de cas particuliers, nous avons traité trois dCcisions recentes, respectivement en Angleterre, aux Pays-bas et en Belgique, concernant le devoir de dilligence entre des joueurs de football. Les situatios de fait, tout comme une question doctrinaire centrale étaient similaires. Dans les trois cas, la question centrale concernait le rôle de l'action en défense de Volenti Non Fit Injuria. I, a été déclaré qu'il n'y a pas de rôle pour ce concept. L'application de la notion de Volenti est en effet illogique. Ou bien il existe un devoir de diligence, ou bien il n'en existe pas. Aussi la construction de Volenti implique-t-elle que le demandant sera privé de moyen de droit. En outre, il se révèle très difficile en pratique de faire la distinction entre Volenti et négligence contributoire d'une part, et entre Volenti et le devoir de diligence d'autre part. L'emploi de la construction de Volenti entraîne une confusion. Pour ces raisons, l'emploi du concept de négligence contributoire est à préférer.
Zusamrnenfassung. In diesem Überblick über einzelne Fälle haben wir drei Entscheidungen in England, den Niederlanden und in Belgien beziehungsweise, hinsichtlich der gegenseitigen Sorgfaltspflicht von Fussballspielern betrachtet. Die Sachlage sowie eine zentrale Frage der Lehrmeinung waren ähnlich. In allen drie Fällen ging es um die Frage, welche Rolle das Konzept Volenti Non Fit Injuria in solchen Fallen zukommt. Es wird behauptet, dass dieses Konzept keine Rolle spielt. Die Anwendung von Volenti ist unlogisch. Entweder besteht eine Sorgfaltspflicht oder nicht. Auch werden der Klagepartei rechtliche Schritte untersagt wenn wir Volenti anwenden. Ausserdem ist es in der Praxis schwierig, zwischen Volenti und Mitver-schulden sowie zwischen Volenti und Sorgfaltspflicht zu unterscheiden. Der Gebrauch von Volenti würde Unklarheit zur Folge haben. Am besten wenden wir darum Mitverschulden an.

Book reviewed in this article:MALCOLM FRASER AND AUSTRALIAN FOREIGN POLICY. By Alan RenoufLOYALTY AND DISLOYALTY. SOCIAL CONFLICT ON THE QUEENSLAND HOMEFRONT, 1914–18. By Raymond EvansRIGHTS OF PASSAGE. EMIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. By Helen R. WoolcockTHE AUSTRALIAN PEACE MOVEMENT: A SHORT HISTORY. By Malcolm Saunders and Ralph SummySTEPHEN HENRY ROBERTS—A SHORT BIOGRAPHY. By D.R.V. WoodA HISTORY OF AUSTRALIAN LITERATURK. By Ken GoodwinTHE STATE AS DEVELOPER. Public Enterprise in South Australia. Edited by Kyoko Sheridan. AdelaideSOME SCOTS WERE HERE—A History of the Presbyterian Church in South Australia. By R.J. ScrimgeourTHE OUTCASTS OF MELBOURNE: ESSAYS IN SOCIAL HISTORY. Edited by Graeme Davison, David Dunstan and Chris McConvilleTHE MIGRANT SHEPHERD OBER‐ROSBACH TO TENTERHELD. By K. Lloyd SommerladWOMEN, MARRIAGE AND POLITICS 1860–1914. By Pal JallandEIN VOLK MUß SEINE FREIHEIT SELBST EROBERN. ZUR GESCHICHTE DER DEUTSCHEN JAKOBINER. By Walter GrabDIE DEUTSCHEN UND DIE FREIHEIT. Perspektiven der Nachkriegszeit. By Hans MaierDER DOPPELTE MILITARISMUS. Die deutsche Heeresrüstungspolitik zwischen Status‐Quo‐Sicherung und Aggression 1890–1913. By Stig FörsterHEIMKEHK AUS DEM ZWEITEN WELTKRIEG. Die Entlassung der deutschen Kriegsgefangcnen. By Arthur L. SmithWILHELM STÖCKLE. Das deutsche Kaiserreich‐Ansichtskarten und Texte aus der wilhelminischen Zeit, 1888–1918THE POLICIES OF GENOCIDE. Jews & Soviet Prisoners of War in Nazi Germany. Edited by Gerhard HirschfeldREICHSTAGSBRAND ‐ AUFKL ÄRUNG EINER HISTORISCHEN LEGENDE. By Uwe Baekes, Karl‐Heinz Janßen, Eckhard Jesse, Henning Köhler, Hans Mommsen and Fritz TobiasDER DEUTSCHE WIDERSTAND 1933–1945. Edited by K.J. Müller and Hans Mommsen.THE FACES OF CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN NATIONALISM. By John B. DunlopUTILITARIANISM AND OTHER ESSAYS. By John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham, edited by Alan RyanBRITAIN AND JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN. By Michael BalfourPARLIAMENTARY SELECTION. Social and Political Choice in Early Modern England. By Mark A. KishlanskyTHE TORIES AND THE PEOPLE, 1880–1935. By Martin PughSMALL BOOKS AND PLEASANT HISTORIES. Popular fiction and its readership in seventeenth‐century England. By Margaret SpuffordIRELAND AND BRITAIN SINCE 1922: Irish Studies 5. Edited by P.J. DrudyPRODIGALS AND PILGRIMS, THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION AGAINST PATRIARCHAL AUTHORITY, 1750–1800. By Jay FliegelmanECONOMIA DE LA HISPANIA ROMANA. By J.M. BlazquezASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIALISM 1871–1914. By George HauptDIVISIONS OF LABOUR. By R.E. PahlSOCRATES AND THE POLITICAL COMMUNITY: An Ancient Debate. By Mary P. NicholsA RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL MATERIALISM. By Jorge LarrainFEDERAL THEORY. By Max Frenkel. Centre for Research on Federal Financial RelationsTHE IMPRISONMENT OF WOMEN. By Russell P. Dobash, R. Emerson Dobash and Sue Gutteridge

AbstractThis paper examines the policy framework for rural employment in England, where policies for agriculture are isolated from those for the residual 'rural economy'. Agricultural policy is narrowly geared to increasing productivity and the incomes of farmers. The result in the progressive farming area of Lincolnshire, is a shrinking employment base in the industry, with reductions in both the number of farm workers and farmers. Other government organizations attempt to diversify the rural economy and employment structure. One reason for their only partial success is continued emphasis on investment in towns rather than smaller settlements in agriculturaľ areas. A more important reason for the continued decline of the rural economy in the face of prosperous agriculture emerges from a comparison of the staff and budget resources available through central government to the two sides of this false divide between 'agriculture' and 'rural development'.RésuméCet article analyse le contcxte de la politique de ľemploi rural en Angleterre, ou les politiques agricolcs sont séparcés de cellcs qui concernent les autres secteurs. La politique agricole est strictement centrée sur ľaccroissement de la productivityé et du revenu des agriculteurs. Dans le cas de la région agricole développée du Lincolnshire, il en résulte une réduction du nombre ?agriculteurs et du nombre des salariés agricolecs. D'autres administrations tentent par aillcurs de diversifier ľéconomie et ľemploi en milieu rural. Leur succès est limité en raison de la préférence à localiser les investissements dans les villes plutôt que dans les petitcs agglomérations des zones agricolcs. Surtout, ce déclin persistant dc ľéconomie rurale contrastant avec une agriculture prospèrc peut être attribuéà un déséquilibre fondamental des ressoutces disponibles (en hommes et en argent) pour ces deux secteurs ‐ malheureuscment séparés ‐ que sont ľagriculture et le développement rural.KurzfassungDieser Beitrag behandelt die politischen Rahmcnbedingungen für die Beschäftigung im ländlichen Raum in England, wo die Agrarpolitik getrennt ist von der Politik für die übrige ländliche Wirtschaft. Agrarpolitik ist eng auf die Erhöhung dcr Produktivität und der Einkommen der Landwirte gerichtet. In dem fortschrittlichen landwirtschaftlichen Gebiet von Lincolnshire ist das Ergebnis davon cine sinkende Beschäftigungsgrundlage mit zurückgehender Zalhl sowohl der selbständigen Landwirte wie auch der Landarbeiter. Andere Regierungsorgane versuchen, die ländliche Wirtschaft und Beschäftigungsstruktur zu diversifizieren. Ein Grund für ihren nur teilweisen Erfolg ist die anhaltende Bevorzugung städtischer Regionen bei Investitioncn gegenüber kleineren Siedlungen auf dem Lande. Ein noch wiehtigerer Grund für das ständige Abfallen der ländlichen Wirtschaft trotz prosperierender Landwirtschaft kann bei einem Vergleich der von der Zentralregierung eingesetzten personellen und finanziellen Ressourcen auf beiden Seiten dieser falschen Trennung von., Ländwirtschaft "und., ländlicher Enrwicklung" gesehen werden.

SummaryPrevious studies have treated participation in agricultural cooperatives as a single variable. A better understanding of farmers' cooperative behaviour may be achieved by distinguishing separate components of participation. This paper identifies four components; use or patronage, support for the cooperative and involvement in the running of the organisation, membership of other cooperatives and cooperating informally with other farmers. A survey of members of two crop marketing cooperatives in England suggests that the four components of participation are not closely associated. Factors which predict one will not therefore predict other forms of participation equally well. Attitude variables tend to predict use of cooperative services best. Measures of farm size, related to socio economic status, are better predictors of support and membership than patronage.RésuméDans les études antérieures, la participation aux coopératives rurales a été traitée comme une variable unique. II est possible ?achever une meilleure compréehension du comportement des cultivateurs dans la coopérative si ľon distingue différents éléments de participation. Cet article distingue quatre éléments: usage ou patronage, soutient pour la coopérative et participation au fonctionnement de ľorganisation, adhèrence ?autres coopératives et cooperation informelle avec ?autres cultivateurs. Une étude des membres de deux coopératives de commercialisation des reslash;coltes en Angleterre suggeste que les quatre éléments de participation ne sont pas closement associés. Les facteurs qui prddisent ľun ?entre eux ne prédisent done pas aussi bien les autres formes de participation. En general, ce sont les variables ?atti‐tude qui prédisent le mieux ľusage de services coopératifs. Les mesures de la taille de Sexploitation, qui est apparentée au statut socio‐écono‐mique, permettent de meilleures prévisions du soutient et de ľadhé‐rence que du patronage.ZusammenfassungFrühere Studien haben Beteiligung an landwirtschaftlichen Genossen‐schaften als cine einzelne Variable behandelt. Das genossenschaftliche Verhalten von Landwirten könnte vielleicht besser verstanden wer‐den, wenn separate Komponenten der Teilnahme unterschieden würden. Vorliegender Artikel identifiziert 4 Komponenten: Nutzung der Genossenschaft (Patronage), Unterstützung für die Genossenschaft und Interesse am Leben der Organisation, Mitgliedschaft in anderen Genossenschaften und informelle Kooperation mit anderen Landwirten. ‐ Eine Untersuchung bei Mitgliedern zweier Vermarktungs‐genossenschaften für Feldfrüchte in England deutet darauf hin, daß die vier Komponenten der Partizipation nicht eng miteinander asso‐ziiert sind. Daher dürften Faktoren, die die eine Komponente voraus‐sagen, nicht gleich gut andere Formen der Partizipation voraussagen lassen. Verhaltensvariable scheinen die Benutzung genossenschaft‐licher Dienste am besten vorauszusagen. Betriebsgröße im Verhältnis zum sozio‐ökonomischen Status lässt besser die Unterstützung und Mitgliedschaft voraussagen als Benutzung der Genossenschaft.

Reviews in this articles:Scientific Research in British Universities and Colleges (1971–2): Vol. III. So6ial Sciences.P. L. Hull (Ed.). The Caption of Seisin of the Duchy of Cornwall, 1337.Peter Clark and Paul Slack (Eds.). Crisis and Order in English Towns 1500–1700. Essays in Urban History.Eric Robinson and A. E. Musson. James Watt and the Steam Revolution. A Documentary History.William Albert. The Turnpike Road System in England, 1663–1840.A. Temple Patterson. A History of Southampton, 1700–1914.John Prest. Lord John Russell.Brian Harrison. Drink and the Victorians: The Temperance Question in England, 1815–1872.John Bateman. The Great Landowners of Great Britain and IrelandG. A. J. Hodgett (Ed.). The Cartulary of Holy Trinity, Aldgate.R. W. Breach and R. M. Hartwell. British Economy and Society, 1870–1970: Documents; Descriptions; Statistics.C. A. E. Goodhart. The Business of Banking, 1891–1914.D. E. Moggridge. British Monetary Policy 1924–1931: The Norman Conquest of $4.86.Ian M. Drummond. British Economic Policy and the Empire 1919–1939.Kenneth Richardson. Twentieth‐Century Coventry.Thomas C. Cochran. Social Change in Industrial Society: Twentieth Century America.Robert W. Lovett. American Economic and Business History: A Guide to Information Sources.D. R. Hainsworth. The Sydney Traders: Simeon Lord and His Contemporaries 1788–1821.Geoffrey Serle. The Rush to be Rich: A History of the Colony of Victoria, 1883–1889.W. K. Hancock. Discovering Monaro. A Study of Man's Impact on his Environment.Eric Cahm. Politics and Society in Contemporary France (1789–1971). A Documentary History.Geoffrey Parker. The Army of Flanders and the Spanish Road 1567–1659.J. J. Carré, P. Dubois, and E. Malinvaud. La Croissance Francaise, un Essai d'Analyse Economique Causale de l'aprés Guerre.Jean Pierre Jobard. Les Disparités Rèionales de la Croissance.A. Sauvy, et al. Histoire Economique de la France entre les Deux Guerres. Vol. III.P. Sorlin. La Société Francaise. II/1914–1968.C. Fohlen. Qu'est‐ce que la Révolution Industrielle?A. D'Angeville. Essai Statistique de la Population Francaise, with an introduction by E. Leroy Ladurie.F. Mauro. Histoire de l'Economie Mondiale, 1790–1970.M. Lévy‐Leboyer. "La Dééération de l'Economie Francaise dans la Seconde Moitié du xixe Siȩle"A. Corbin. "Migrations Temporaires et Société Rurale au xixe Siȩle: le Cas du Limousin"

Background: Tobacco-smoke, airborne, and dietary exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been associated with reduced prenatal growth. Evidence from biomarker-based studies of low-exposed populations is limited. Bulky DNA adducts in cord blood reflect the prenatal effective dose to several genotoxic agents including PAHs. Objectives: We estimated the association between bulky DNA adduct levels and birth weight in a multicenter study and examined modification of this association by maternal intake of fruits and vegetables during pregnancy. Methods: Pregnant women from Denmark, England, Greece, Norway, and Spain were recruited in 2006–2010. Adduct levels were measured by the 32P-postlabeling technique in white blood cells from 229 mothers and 612 newborns. Maternal diet was examined through questionnaires. Results: Adduct levels in maternal and cord blood samples were similar and positively correlated (median, 12.1 vs. 11.4 adducts in 108 nucleotides; Spearman rank correlation coefficient = 0.66, p < 0.001). Cord blood adduct levels were negatively associated with birth weight, with an estimated difference in mean birth weight of –129 g (95% CI: –233, –25 g) for infants in the highest versus lowest tertile of adducts. The negative association with birth weight was limited to births in Norway, Denmark, and England, the countries with the lowest adduct levels, and was more pronounced in births to mothers with low intake of fruits and vegetables (–248 g; 95% CI: –405, –92 g) compared with those with high intake (–58 g; 95% CI: –206, 90 g). Conclusions: Maternal exposure to genotoxic agents that induce the formation of bulky DNA adducts may affect intrauterine growth. Maternal fruit and vegetable consumption may be protective. ; The NewGeneris (Newborns and Genotoxic exposure risks) study was funded by the European Union (EU contract FOOD-CT-2005-016320). The study/nwas also supported by the National Institute for Health Research, United Kingdom (programme grant RP-PG-0407-10044), the Norwegian Ministry of/nHealth, the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research, the Norwegian Research Council/FUGE (grant 151918/S10), the EU funded HiWATE (contract Food-CT-2006-036224), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (contract NO-ES-75558), and the U.S. NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (grant 1 UO1 NS 047537-01). M.P. holds a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral fellowship awarded from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (JCI-2011-09479)

Newspaper Article - 'Come from Far and Near to Attend Institute Meetings' - 'Mrs. Watt Says Peaceful Home Is Safeguard' - Edmonton Journal, Tuesday, October 10, 1939 ; AWI Collection ; EDMONTON JOURNAL, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1939 Come from Far end Near to Attend Institute Meetings Officials of the Federated Women's Institutes of Ca they greeted one another in the foyer of the Macdon William Stewart of Peace River extends a welcome president of the Associated Country Women of the Wo background are Mrs. Elizabeth Bailey Price of Vanco dian Home and Country, official W. I. organ ( left), am president. ia in session here this week, are seen above as on Monday, opening day. On the right, Mrs. ' Irs. Alfred Watt, O. B. E. of London, England, d founder of the Women's Institutes. In the director of publicity and editor of the Cana- . M. McGregor of Penticton, B. C., national Mrs. Wat Says Peaceful Home Is Safeguard International President Ad­dresses Federated Institutes AT MONDAY MEETING Mrs. Alfred Watt, O. B. E., of London, England, president of the Associated Country Women of the World, speaking to the Federated Women's Institutes of Canada in session at the Macdonald here Mon­day, said that " every home that maintains peace and a sense of moral values is a bulwark in times like these." Home- making and nation- build­ing are now and always have been the essential work of the W. I. in Canada, she said, pointing out that the time has come for members to show the dominion government how strong they are nationally and how well they can assist in time of war. Mrs. Watt impressed upon the delegates the importance of having their machinery ready to go into motion for any emergency. " We may find that Canada will become a refuge for the homeless abroad, and great demands may be made upon our food supply. In the con­servation of food and in the careful use of wool, skins, wood, and other resources members of the W. I. can make a valuable contribution," she said. " We're inclined to think that what we do every day normally is not war work, but we must learn that the thing to do is to ' carry on' as usual, keeping the machinery of our organization in order so that when an emergency comes and the government makes immediate de­mands we will be ready."