Suchergebnisse

Intellectual history has always been a bit embattled in the English-speaking world, especially the sort of intellectual history that deals with cosmic moods and ideas. There always been those who have tried to place the practitioners of this kind of intellectual history on the defensive. However, the great masters of this discipline— a Dilthey or a Burckhardt or a Lovejoy—continue to cast their spell over many of us. Even in this most utilitarian and political of decades, their achievement remains breathtaking. But it is no use pretending that the approach to history that focuses on "Geistesgeschichte" has no "blind spots." As with any human enterprise, it has its strengths and weaknessess, its keen insights, its narrowness of vision. This paper is an attempt to point to some of the sources of both the abiding greatness and the blind spots of this approach to history, and to explain why this sort of intellectual history still speaks to many of us.

Anyone interested in the history of the book in Austria will, sooner rather than later, come across the publications of Carl Junker (1864-1928). No one before or after him has done as much toward compiling what we know today about the history of the book, whether it be in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy or in the Republic of Austria. As far as the signifcance of his writings is concerned, it is entirely fitting to quote the words Junker himself wrote regarding the official book trade publication, "Österreichisch-ungarische Buchhändler-Correspondenz", which appeared from 1860: "The 50 voumes which we now have-no matter what negative opinion some people might hold of their contents-represent, for the future historian dealing with the history of our book trade, a standard work, which he will have to continually consult." With his studies on the Austrian book trade or publishing trade, as the case may be, Carl Junker made a contribution which even today, more than seventy years after his death, defies comparison. The state of research reflected in his articles and lengthier studies, his monographs, is, in most cases, the same as it is today. Archival material which he had at his disposal and which he used as the basis for his studies is no longer available today. Thus, his documentations have, in many respects, become "primary sources" in their own right. His text "Die Katastrophe in Wien", for example, is an authentic report on the loss of irreplacable archival records from the "Staatsarchiv des Innern und der Justiz", stored in the Palace of Justice which went up in flames in 1927. The losses included censorship and police records from the reign of Joseph 11 and records pertaining to the newspaper trade. As Junker reports, little was left. The volume of Junker's collected writings contains all of his book publications, including monographs of firms such as Gerold, Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky and Friedrich Jasper as well as his critical analysis of the state of copyright protection in Austria-Hungary at the turn of the century, not to mention his pioneering publication on Austrian press history (the likes of which has not been published since.) As the collection of Junker's writings shows, he was also very much interested in developments in bibliography, as, for example, decimal classification in libraries. Junker also wrote histories of two trade organizations in Austria, the 'Verein der österreichisch- ungarischen Buch- Kunst- und Musikalienhändler" (1899) and the -Korporation der Wiener Buch-, Kunst- und Musikalienhändler" (1907). Both works contain information (e.g. legislation governing the book trade) essential to today's book scholars. But the current volume also makes other historical topics easily accessible to us today. There are articles about the reorganisation of the Austrian book trade after World War One, articles he wrote articles for countless exhibition catalogues. And although some of his works were commissioned, Junker shows on repeated occasions that he is by no means uncritical. Junker died in 1928 before he could complete one last major work, namely a history of book publishing companies in Austria. What he did leave behind is contained in this volume and can provide the basis for scholars today to try to match his diligence. A compilation of this kind will invariably be used as a reference work, and in order to make the incredible wealth of information easily accessible, there are five indices: company names, personal names, subject, place names and magazines and newspapers.

The All-Russian Scientific Conference with international participation "Civil War in the East of Russia (November 1917–December 1922)" was held on 18th–20th November 2019 in Novosibirsk. Around 150 speakers and guests from Russia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Republic of Poland, Republic of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Japan attended the event. On the first day of the conference, six speakers participated in the plenary session discussed with the audience different problems of the historiography and history of the Civil War in Russia. On the second day, the participants collaborated and communicated in breakout sessions arranged according to the problem-thematic principle. The conference was concluded with a final plenary session, where the moderator and attendees summed up the results that were achieved, and the presentation of the proceedings of the conference. ; 18–20 listopada 2019 r. w Nowosybirsku odbyła się Ogólnorosyjska konferencja naukowa pt. "Wojna domowa na wschodzie Rosji (listopad 1917 – grudzień 1922 r.)", w której uczestniczyli zagraniczni badacze. W konferencji wzięło udział około 150 osób z Rosji, Białorusi, Kazachstanu, Polski, Uzbekistanu, Turkmenistanu i Japonii. Podczas sesji plenarnej wygłoszono sześć referatów dotyczących zarówno historiografii, jak i konkretnych problemów z zakresu wojny domowej w Rosji. Drugi dzień obrad został poświęcony pracy w sekcjach uformowanych w oparciu o kryterium problemowo-tematyczne. Konferencję kończyło posiedzenie plenarne, na którym dokonano podsumowania prac, oraz prezentacja tomu materiałów pokonferencyjnych. ; 18-20 ноября 2019 года в Новосибирске прошла Всероссийская научная конференция. «Гражданская война в Восточной России (ноябрь 1917 - декабрь 1922)», в которой участвовали зарубежные исследователи. В конференции приняли участие около 150 человек из России, Беларуси, Казахстана, Польши, Узбекистана, Туркменистана и Японии. В ходе пленарного заседания было заслушано шесть докладов как по историографии, так и по конкретным проблемам гражданской войны в России. Второй день сессии был посвящен работе в секциях, сформированных на основе проблемно-тематического критерия. Завершилась конференция пленарным заседанием, на котором были подведены итоги работы и представлен сборник постконференционных материалов.

The All-Russian Scientific Conference with international participation "Civil War in the East of Russia (November 1917–December 1922)" was held on 18th–20th November 2019 in Novosibirsk. Around 150 speakers and guests from Russia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Republic of Poland, Republic of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Japan attended the event. On the first day of the conference, six speakers participated in the plenary session discussed with the audience different problems of the historiography and history of the Civil War in Russia. On the second day, the participants collaborated and communicated in breakout sessions arranged according to the problem-thematic principle. The conference was concluded with a final plenary session, where the moderator and attendees summed up the results that were achieved, and the presentation of the proceedings of the conference. ; 18–20 listopada 2019 r. w Nowosybirsku odbyła się Ogólnorosyjska konferencja naukowa pt. "Wojna domowa na wschodzie Rosji (listopad 1917 – grudzień 1922 r.)", w której uczestniczyli zagraniczni badacze. W konferencji wzięło udział około 150 osób z Rosji, Białorusi, Kazachstanu, Polski, Uzbekistanu, Turkmenistanu i Japonii. Podczas sesji plenarnej wygłoszono sześć referatów dotyczących zarówno historiografii, jak i konkretnych problemów z zakresu wojny domowej w Rosji. Drugi dzień obrad został poświęcony pracy w sekcjach uformowanych w oparciu o kryterium problemowo-tematyczne. Konferencję kończyło posiedzenie plenarne, na którym dokonano podsumowania prac, oraz prezentacja tomu materiałów pokonferencyjnych. ; 18-20 ноября 2019 года в Новосибирске прошла Всероссийская научная конференция. «Гражданская война в Восточной России (ноябрь 1917 - декабрь 1922)», в которой участвовали зарубежные исследователи. В конференции приняли участие около 150 человек из России, Беларуси, Казахстана, Польши, Узбекистана, Туркменистана и Японии. В ходе пленарного заседания было заслушано шесть докладов как по историографии, так и по конкретным проблемам гражданской войны в России. Второй день сессии был посвящен работе в секциях, сформированных на основе проблемно-тематического критерия. Завершилась конференция пленарным заседанием, на котором были подведены итоги работы и представлен сборник постконференционных материалов.

Explores the nineteenth- and twentieth-century spread of modern industry to the global periphery to understand the economic, historical, and political implications of how, in the twenty-first century, economies in Asia, Latin America and even sub-Saharan Africa are converging on the historically-wealthy economies of Europe and North America.

This book attributes American poverty to consequences 19th Century social welfare policies within an economy stretching to meet its 21st Century economic potential, arguing that American poverty persists as economic and political structures have moved into the world of fiscal planning but social welfare remains in its Depression-era structure

Reconstructing the World Trade Organization for the 21st Century explores the reasons for the WTO's failure to achieve comprehensive multilateral trade liberalization in the new 21st century global economy. The solution to the problem must come from institutional reforms that can promote global agreement on achieving the gains from trade.

Ten essays on the nature of fascism by a leading scholar in the field, focusing on how to understand and apply fascist ideology to various movements since the twentieth century, Mussolini's prophesied 'fascist century'. Includes studies of fascism's attempted temporal revolution; Nazism as extended case-study; and fascism's postwar evolution.

The global response to infectious diseases has seen a renewed interest in the use of community engagement to support research and relief efforts. From a perspective rooted in the social sciences, the concept of vulnerability offers an especially useful analytical frame for pursuing community engagement in a variety of contexts. However, few have closely examined the concept of vulnerability in community engagement efforts, leading to a need to better understand the various theories that underline the connections between the two. This literature review searched four databases (covering a total of 537 papers), resulting in 15 studies that analyze community engagement using a framing of vulnerability, broadly defined, in the context of an infectious disease, prioritizing historical and structural context and the many ways of constituting communities. The review identified historical and structural factors such as trust in the health system, history of political marginalization, various forms of racism and discrimination, and other aspects of vulnerability that are part and parcel of the main challenges faced by communities. The review found that studies using vulnerability within community engagement share some important characteristics (e.g., focus on local history and structural factors) and identified a few theoretical avenues from the social sciences which integrate a vulnerability-informed approach in community engagement. Finally, the review proposes an approach that brings together the concepts of vulnerability and community engagement, prioritizing participation, empowerment, and intersectoral collaboration.

The city of Newcastle commemorated two bicentenaries within the space of seven years. In 2004, the city marked 200 years since the permanent establishment of the settlement on 30 March 1804. But 2004 was not the city's first bicentennial. In 1997, Newcastle celebrated the 1797 journey of Lieutenant John Shortland, who named and sketched the Hunter River and brought back samples of coal to Sydney. These anniversaries, and earlier ones such as Newcastle's centennial in 1897 and its sesqui-centennial in 1947, were crucial moments of history making in the public sphere. History was evoked to celebrate progress, encourage civic loyalty and, more recently, to emphasise the city's transition into a post-industrial era. This article will explore the way in which commemorative dates in Newcastle's history were interpreted, utilised and presented to the general public. It will examine how history, heritage, politics and policy come together to use the past in a public way. Utilising US historian John Bodnar's terms, the shift in the themes and tenor of public history in Newcastle over this period has been from an 'official' to a more 'vernacular' style. Official public history emphasised unitary notions of progress while vernacular styles presented more diverse and occasionally more critical versions of public history. By the time of the 2004 commemorative events there was more scope for active popular participation. Newcastle public history was being nourished by community groups often with conflicting notions of public history, generating a multivalent, multilayered sense of the past, though older themes persisted with remarkable durability. In a city where 'history' has such an ambivalent position, large-scale historical commemorations make for intriguing analysis. After a review of the principal themes in the Newcastle commemorations of 1897, 1947, and 1997, I consider the 2004 'Newcastle 200' programme. In particular, I will be considering my own movement from an apparently objective historical analyst of the earlier commemorative events to a participant in the history-making process in the 2004 program.

Home economics, as a field of scientific research and practice that aims to improve quality of life, does not get the attention in the twenty-first century that it should. When thinking of this subject, one might picture middle school students learning how to sew or attempting to cook an ill-fated meal, but in the late nineteenth century and through most of the twentieth century, home economics was a thriving field that provided an area for women to contribute to their communities, families, and to their country during war times. The Bureau of Home Economics and the women who ran this organization could disseminate information that directly contributed to improving lives on the home front and aiding in the War effort between 1939 and 1945.

This volume is both a study of the history of Polish Jews and Jewish Poland before, during, and immediately after the Holocaust and a collection of personal explorations focusing on the historians who write about these subjects. While the first three parts of the book focus on "text," the broad nature of Polish Jewish history surrounding the Holocaust, the last section focuses on subtext, the personal and professional experiences of scholars who have devoted years to researching and writing about Polish Jewry. The beginning sections present a variety of case studies on wartime and postwar Polish Jews, drawing on new research and local history. The final part is a reflection on family memory, where scholars discuss their connections to Holocaust history and its impact on their current lives and research. Viewed together, the combination sheds light on both history and historians: the challenges of dealing with the history of an unparalleled cataclysm, and the personal questions and dilemmas that its study raises for many of the historians engaged in it. Holocaust History, Holocaust Memory is a unique resource that will appeal to students and scholars studying the Second World War, Jewish and Polish history, and family history.

This is a historiographical inquire about a specific source of Global History. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the links between Oswald Spengler and Arnold Toynbee's works and contemporary Global History. Both authors raised a holistic, non-State centric and pretending anti-Eurocentric approach of world history. Nevertheless, both remain as controversial writers for their anti-academic claims, particularly the cyclic vision of history and the intention to predict the future. Despite that, in the following years, several scholars had filtered the controversial elements of those authors to adapt them to scientific standards. Among authors such as Fernand Braudel, Raymond Aron, Martin Wight and Helio Jaguaribe, William McNeill stands out as a fundamental link to contemporary Global History.

Prior to the late 1960s, German history textbooks lacked coverage of Poland and depicted Germany's eastern neighbor with negative images. The 1970s and 1980s, however, witnessed positive changes to the contents of German school textbooks—particularly with respect to their descriptions of Poland and German-Polish relations. How and why did Germany promote a more reflective view of history and correct negative descriptions of the Poles in German history textbooks between the 1970s and 1980s? This article addresses this question by focusing on the influence of Brandt's Ostpolitik and on the activities of the German-Polish History Textbook Commission. The article also shows how contemporary conservative reaction was not powerful enough to reverse these positive changes to German history textbooks.

This dissertation investigates the historical emergence of wife-beating laws in the United States. The key questions I investigate are: What were the social conditions in which wife- beating laws emerged in the nineteenth-century South? What do these conditions reveal about the primary functions of these laws? Based on analysis of 19th-century legal and government data, local and appellate case records, federal reports, Freedman's Bureau documents, periodical data, and family records, I argue that Southern wife-beating laws were a white supremacist post-Civil War response to the legalization of black family formation. They functioned to control black labor and degrade the status of blackness.My research challenges conventional accounts about the historical origins of U.S. domestic violence legislation. Since the proliferation of early wife-beating laws (1870-1900) coincided with first wave feminism, scholarship assumes that they were the result of feminist agency and borne out of a desire to protect women. These assumptions have led to two important limitations in domestic violence scholarship. First, most scholarship focuses on the North, where first wave feminism flourished. Second, even when research considers the effects of other social factors, such as race and class, it foregrounds the effects of feminist agency. Both limitations are troubling because the first state to legally rescind a husband's right to chastise his wife was Alabama, whose 1871 Fulgham v. State ruling was also the country's first in which the litigants were black. In fact, anti-wife-beating laws proliferated throughout southern states where, like Alabama, there was neither a feminist movement, nor female collective action against wife-beating. By the early 1900s, the ideological association between wife-beating and black families was so pervasive that denying "wife-beaters" the vote was a device some southern states used to disenfranchise black men.In contrast to the feminist narrative, I argue that southern anti-wife-beating laws were a postbellum response to the racialized and gendered convergence of the antebellum Master- slave and Husband-wife relationships. Antebellum socio-legal norms simultaneously advanced marital cruelty protections for wives on the one hand and encouraged the physical chastisement of slaves on the other. This ensured that the authority to beat slave women – to include de facto slave wives – was a specifically white male prerogative; and, it added physical chastisement to a long list of naturalized distinctions between blackness and whiteness. Emancipation exposed the fragility of 'domestic relations' – and thus the1southern way of life – by highlighting its dependence on racialized gender hierarchies. Wife- beating laws that threatened to punish black men, in the midst of socio-legal norms that kept black women vulnerable to white male violence, helped to restore a southern way of life that simultaneously controlled the labor and degraded the status of black families.The dissertation has six chapters. The introductory chapter provides the theoretical framework for the project. Wife-beating cases, I argue, performed the crucial socio-legal function of reinforcing domestic gender norms – norms that were inextricably articulated through race and class, given the southern household's distinctive Master-slave relationship. Chapter Two reveals that the antebellum progression of laws created a racialized double- standard for wife-beating, in which the prerogative to chastise white wives and slave men's de facto wives, was a privilege exclusive to white men. Chapter Three begins after the Civil war, when the Reconstruction amendments led Southern states to legally recognize black marriages and families. But the antebellum racialized double-standard for wife-beating nevertheless endured, criminalizing black men as wife-beaters in a burgeoning law and order regime that enabled control over black labor. Chapter Four elucidates how, the racialization of wife-beating as a black crime functioned to symbolize and reify a hegemonic ideology of black family dysfunction. Chapter Five examines how wife-beating is eventually used to disenfranchise black men. Chapter Six concludes the dissertation. Situated at the intersection of sociology of family, political economy, criminalization, and 19th-century southern historical literatures, my dissertation reveals how racial projects to symbolically and materially privilege Whiteness motivated the emergence of "feminist" laws that scholarship and social policy largely conceptualize as apart from race, class, and market forces.